Linux平台部署varnish 高性能缓存服务器（1）

【本文档所介绍的内容适用于公司测试/生产常见的varnish环境部署】
一：varnish部署前准备：1.1相关软件以及系统,web服务系统要求：Centos 6（以上） (64位)相关中间件：varnish-4.0.21.2相关系统依赖包安装检查准备1.2.1 检查系统自带nginx是否安装

rpm -qa | grep varnish

如有安装，请使用以下命令卸载相关程序

yum remove varnish -y

1.2.2 安装编译nginx需要的依赖包

yum install libtool ncurses-devel pcre-devel ibedit-devel pkgconfig python-docutils python-sphinx automake autoconf  -y

1.2.3 安装好相关web服务

安装Apache，nginx，tomcat等都行，本文档的web安装在本地，使用的nginx web 端口为:8080

[b][b]二：varnish 部署安装[/b][/b]

2.1 下载varnish安装包
如有所示为varnish的官网:https://www.varnish-cache.org/releases，选择对应的varnish版本，本文档用的版本是varnish4.0.2

cd /usr/local/src
wget https://repo.varnish-cache.org/source/varnish-4.0.2.tar.gz[/code]2.2 编译安装varnish

cd /usr/local/src
tar zxvf varnish-4.0.2.tar.gz
./configure CPPFLAGS="-I$PATH_TO_LIBEDIT/include" LDFLAGS="-L$PATH_TO_LIBEDIT/lib" \
--prefix=/usr/local/varnish4.0.2
make && make install
2.3 配置varnish的启动脚本
echo "/usr/local/varnish4.0.2/sbin/varnishd -P /var/run/varnish.pid -f /usr/local/varnish4.0.2/etc/default.vcl -s malloc,1G -T 127.0.0.1:2000 -a 0.0.0.0:80" > /usr/local/varnish4.0.2/sbin/varnishd.sh
2.4 将varnish以开机服务的形式启动，并加入系统服务
2.4.1 编辑/etc/init.d/varnishd
vim /etc/init.d/varnishd
2.4.2 在/etc/init.d/varnishd添加以下内容
#!/bin/sh
#chkconfig:345 85 15
#description: varnish cache server
# varnish
# Copyright (C) 2001-2014 varnish cache
#
SERVICE="varnish server"
DAEMON=/usr/local/varnish4.0.2/sbin/varnishd.sh
PIDFILE=/var/run/varnish.pid

case $1 in
'start')
if [ -x ${DAEMON} ]
then
$DAEMON
# Error checking here would be good...
echo "${SERVICE} started success ! "
else
echo "Can't find file ${DAEMON}."
echo "${SERVICE} NOT started."
fi
;;
'stop')
if [ -s ${PIDFILE} ]
then
if kill `cat ${PIDFILE}` >/dev/null 2>&1
then
echo "${SERVICE} shutdown success !"
rm -f ${PIDFILE}
fi
fi
;;
'restart')
$0 stop
sleep 10
$0 start
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 start|stop|restart"
;;
esac
2.4.3 编辑/usr/local/varnish4.0.2/etc/default.vcl添加以下内容

vcl 4.0;
backend webserver {
.host = "127.0.0.1";
.port = "8080";         //等同于后端web server
.connect_timeout = 4s;
.first_byte_timeout = 5s;
.between_bytes_timeout = 20s;
}
2.4.4启动varnishd 服务

service varnishd start
[b][b]三:varnish验证测试[/b][/b]
启动web服务

service nginx start
使用系统自带的命令curl -I localhost 如下所示:

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.8.0
Date: Mon, 04 Jan 2016 07:50:09 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Last-Modified: Mon, 31 Aug 2015 03:55:55 GMT
ETag: "55e3d04b-264"
X-Varnish: 112 131182
Age: 80
Via: 1.1 varnish-v4
Content-Length: 612
Connection: keep-alive
本文如上红色部分，当X-varnish 后面出现两组数据的时候，说明缓存成功，这时我们在关掉web服务，数据会从varnish缓存里读取，如下
关闭web服务
service nginx stop
重新curl -I localhost 如果命中缓存，则如下所示:
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.8.0
Date: Mon, 04 Jan 2016 07:53:47 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Last-Modified: Mon, 31 Aug 2015 03:55:55 GMT
ETag: "55e3d04b-264"
X-Varnish: 110 131182
Age: 8
Via: 1.1 varnish-v4
Content-Length: 612
Connection: keep-alive
当没有从缓存里命中时，会出现以下提示(没有命中缓存,则X-varnish后面数字为单组数字):
HTTP/1.1 503 Backend fetch failed
Date: Mon, 04 Jan 2016 07:55:59 GMT
Server: Varnish
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Retry-After: 5
X-Varnish: 98457
Age: 0
Via: 1.1 varnish-v4
Content-Length: 282
Connection: keep-alive
至此整个varnish的部署安装基本就OK了
本文出自 “菜鸟的成长记” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://blief.blog.51cto.com/6170059/1731390