编译nodejs及其源代码研究

本文将从 源代码 研究nodejs 的原理、本质，探讨nodejs的应用场景，以及高性能开发实践指南。

文件夹：

第一节：编译node.js

第二节：源代码分析

进入主题：下面是在win7 64 下进行，其它平台编译 。请參见官网。

第一节：编译node.js，过程非常easy

1、下载源代码。 git clone https://github.com/joyent/node
假设没有安装gitclient，能够在打开https://github.com/joyent/node 点击 Download ZIP，进行下载

2、安装 Python 2.6 or 2.7 和 Visual Studio 2010 or 2012。我这里是 Python
2.7.8 和 Visual Studio 2012

3、进入node文件夹
运行 vcbuild release

大概
10多分钟 就能够编译成功。在Release文件夹下会生成node.exe。以下是我编译成功的图。



第二节：源代码分析

我们在IDE 中 打开刚才的node文件夹，方便我们看源代码。

我这里是Idea查看。





benchmark ： 一些nodejs 性能測试 代码

build：编译nodejs 生成文件夹

Debug：编译nodejs 生成文件夹

Release：编译nodejs 生成文件夹

deps：nodejs依赖 的工具包。包含 v8、http_parser、opensslzlib、zlib、uv。

。。

doc：文档

lib：包括JavaScript源代码

src：包括C++源代码

test：測试代码

tools：编译时用到的工具

这里我们仅仅需关注 src 和lib 目录。

1、从node.cc 文件 看 node进程 启动过程的

int Start(int argc, char** argv) {
const char* replaceInvalid = getenv("NODE_INVALID_UTF8");

if (replaceInvalid == NULL)
WRITE_UTF8_FLAGS |= String::REPLACE_INVALID_UTF8;

#if !defined(_WIN32)
// Try hard not to lose SIGUSR1 signals during the bootstrap process.
InstallEarlyDebugSignalHandler();
#endif

assert(argc > 0);

// Hack around with the argv pointer. Used for process.title = "blah".
argv = uv_setup_args(argc, argv);

// This needs to run *before* V8::Initialize().  The const_cast is not
// optional, in case you're wondering.
int exec_argc;
const char** exec_argv;
Init(&argc, const_cast<const char**>(argv), &exec_argc, &exec_argv);

#if HAVE_OPENSSL
// V8 on Windows doesn't have a good source of entropy. Seed it from
// OpenSSL's pool.
V8::SetEntropySource(crypto::EntropySource);
#endif

int code;
V8::Initialize();
{
Locker locker(node_isolate);
Isolate::Scope isolate_scope(node_isolate);
HandleScope handle_scope(node_isolate);
Local<Context> context = Context::New(node_isolate);
Environment* env = CreateEnvironment(
node_isolate, context, argc, argv, exec_argc, exec_argv);
// Assign env to the debugger's context
if (debugger_running) {
HandleScope scope(env->isolate());
env->AssignToContext(v8::Debug::GetDebugContext());
}
// This Context::Scope is here so EnableDebug() can look up the current
// environment with Environment::GetCurrent().
// TODO(bnoordhuis) Reorder the debugger initialization logic so it can
// be removed.
{
Context::Scope context_scope(env->context());
bool more;
do {
more = uv_run(env->event_loop(), UV_RUN_ONCE);
if (more == false) {
EmitBeforeExit(env);

// Emit `beforeExit` if the loop became alive either after emitting
// event, or after running some callbacks.
more = uv_loop_alive(env->event_loop());
if (uv_run(env->event_loop(), UV_RUN_NOWAIT) != 0)
more = true;
}
} while (more == true);
code = EmitExit(env);
RunAtExit(env);
}
env->Dispose();
env = NULL;
}

CHECK_NE(node_isolate, NULL);
node_isolate->Dispose();
node_isolate = NULL;
V8::Dispose();

delete[] exec_argv;
exec_argv = NULL;

return code;
}

Environment* CreateEnvironment(Isolate* isolate,
Handle<Context> context,
int argc,
const char* const* argv,
int exec_argc,
const char* const* exec_argv) {
HandleScope handle_scope(isolate);

Context::Scope context_scope(context);
Environment* env = Environment::New(context);

uv_check_init(env->event_loop(), env->immediate_check_handle());
uv_unref(
reinterpret_cast<uv_handle_t*>(env->immediate_check_handle()));
uv_idle_init(env->event_loop(), env->immediate_idle_handle());

// Inform V8's CPU profiler when we're idle.  The profiler is sampling-based
// but not all samples are created equal; mark the wall clock time spent in
// epoll_wait() and friends so profiling tools can filter it out.  The samples
// still end up in v8.log but with state=IDLE rather than state=EXTERNAL.
// TODO(bnoordhuis) Depends on a libuv implementation detail that we should
// probably fortify in the API contract, namely that the last started prepare
// or check watcher runs first.  It's not 100% foolproof; if an add-on starts
// a prepare or check watcher after us, any samples attributed to its callback
// will be recorded with state=IDLE.
uv_prepare_init(env->event_loop(), env->idle_prepare_handle());
uv_check_init(env->event_loop(), env->idle_check_handle());
uv_unref(reinterpret_cast<uv_handle_t*>(env->idle_prepare_handle()));
uv_unref(reinterpret_cast<uv_handle_t*>(env->idle_check_handle()));

if (v8_is_profiling) {
StartProfilerIdleNotifier(env);
}

Local<FunctionTemplate> process_template = FunctionTemplate::New(isolate);
process_template->SetClassName(FIXED_ONE_BYTE_STRING(isolate, "process"));

Local<Object> process_object = process_template->GetFunction()->NewInstance();
env->set_process_object(process_object);

SetupProcessObject(env, argc, argv, exec_argc, exec_argv);
Load(env);

return env;
}

void SetupProcessObject(Environment* env,
int argc,
const char* const* argv,
int exec_argc,
const char* const* exec_argv) {
HandleScope scope(env->isolate());

Local<Object> process = env->process_object();

process->SetAccessor(env->title_string(),
ProcessTitleGetter,
ProcessTitleSetter);

// process.version
READONLY_PROPERTY(process,
"version",
FIXED_ONE_BYTE_STRING(env->isolate(), NODE_VERSION));

// process.moduleLoadList
READONLY_PROPERTY(process,
"moduleLoadList",
env->module_load_list_array());

// process.versions
Local<Object> versions = Object::New(env->isolate());
READONLY_PROPERTY(process, "versions", versions);

const char http_parser_version[] = NODE_STRINGIFY(HTTP_PARSER_VERSION_MAJOR)
"."
NODE_STRINGIFY(HTTP_PARSER_VERSION_MINOR);
READONLY_PROPERTY(versions,
"http_parser",
FIXED_ONE_BYTE_STRING(env->isolate(), http_parser_version));

// +1 to get rid of the leading 'v'
READONLY_PROPERTY(versions,
"node",
OneByteString(env->isolate(), NODE_VERSION + 1));
READONLY_PROPERTY(versions,
"v8",
OneByteString(env->isolate(), V8::GetVersion()));
READONLY_PROPERTY(versions,
"uv",
OneByteString(env->isolate(), uv_version_string()));
READONLY_PROPERTY(versions,
"zlib",
FIXED_ONE_BYTE_STRING(env->isolate(), ZLIB_VERSION));

const char node_modules_version[] = NODE_STRINGIFY(NODE_MODULE_VERSION);
READONLY_PROPERTY(
versions,
"modules",
FIXED_ONE_BYTE_STRING(env->isolate(), node_modules_version));

void Load(Environment* env) {
HandleScope handle_scope(env->isolate());

// Compile, execute the src/node.js file. (Which was included as static C
// string in node_natives.h. 'natve_node' is the string containing that
// source code.)

// The node.js file returns a function 'f'
atexit(AtExit);

TryCatch try_catch;

// Disable verbose mode to stop FatalException() handler from trying
// to handle the exception. Errors this early in the start-up phase
// are not safe to ignore.
try_catch.SetVerbose(false);

Local<String> script_name = FIXED_ONE_BYTE_STRING(env->isolate(), "node.js");
Local<Value> f_value = ExecuteString(env, MainSource(env), script_name);
if (try_catch.HasCaught())  {
ReportException(env, try_catch);
exit(10);
}
assert(f_value->IsFunction());
Local<Function> f = Local<Function>::Cast(f_value);

// Now we call 'f' with the 'process' variable that we've built up with
// all our bindings. Inside node.js we'll take care of assigning things to
// their places.

// We start the process this way in order to be more modular. Developers
// who do not like how 'src/node.js' setups the module system but do like
// Node's I/O bindings may want to replace 'f' with their own function.

// Add a reference to the global object
Local<Object> global = env->context()->Global();

大致的过程是这种 ：
载入 V8 、OpenSSL ...

创建 Environment 环境

设置 Process 进程对象

运行 node.js 文件

2、从 node.js 文件 看 global 配置过程。吐槽一下，nodejs的源代码写的太搓了。C系语言出生的风格？

这个文件大致是 是配置 全局变量、配置process、定义模块对象。

后面将深入 解说
node.js 这个文件 、以及结合 src 的C++类，与lib 下的 js代码 解说nodejs。

我们能够得出一个结论： nodejs = node API + V8;