PHP扩展小结

线程安全宏定义

TSRM/TSRM.h文件中有如下定义
#define TSRMLS_FETCH()			void ***tsrm_ls = (void ***) ts_resource_ex(0, NULL)
#define TSRMLS_D	void ***tsrm_ls
#define TSRMLS_DC	, TSRMLS_D
#define TSRMLS_C	tsrm_ls
#define TSRMLS_CC	, TSRMLS_C

1.在定义方法时(形参)加上TSRMLS_D 或者TSRMLS_DC(有参数)

2.在调用方法时(实参)用TSRMLS_C或者TSRMLS_CC(有参数)

3 编译报错 error: ‘tsrm_ls’ undeclared (first use in this function) 需要在函数顶部加上TSRMLS_FETCH;

变量相关宏(部分)

SG    -> SAPI Global          SAPI信息(main/SAPI.h)
EG    -> Executor Global      执行时信息(zend/zend_globals_macros.h:43)
PG    -> PHP Core Global      主要存储php.ini中的信息 PHP全局变量。php.ini映射一个或者多个PHP全局结构。(main/php_globals.h)
FG    -> File Global          文件全局变量。大多数文件I/O或相关的全局变量的数据流都塞进标准扩展出口结构。(ext/standard/file.h)
CG    -> Complier Global      编译时信息，包括函数表等(zend_globals_macros.h:32) 用来访问核心全局变量。(zend/zend_globals_macros.h)

文件宏：

getcwd()	VCWD_GETCWD()
fopen()	VCWD_FOPEN
open()	VCWD_OPEN() //用于两个参数的版本
open()	VCWD_OPEN_MODE() //用于三个参数的open()版本
creat()	VCWD_CREAT()
chdir()	VCWD_CHDIR()
getwd()	VCWD_GETWD()
realpath()	VCWD_REALPATH()
rename()	VCWD_RENAME()
stat()	VCWD_STAT()
lstat()	VCWD_LSTAT()
unlink()	VCWD_UNLINK()
mkdir()	VCWD_MKDIR()
rmdir()	VCWD_RMDIR()
opendir()	VCWD_OPENDIR()
popen()	VCWD_POPEN()
access()	VCWD_ACCESS()
utime()	VCWD_UTIME()
chmod()	VCWD_CHMOD()
chown()	VCWD_CHOWN()

全局变量：

#php-fpm 生成 POST|GET|COOKIE|SERVER|ENV|REQUEST|FILES全局变量的流程
php_cgi_startup() -> php_module_startup() -> php_startup_auto_globals() -> 保存变量到symbol_table符号表
 
php_cgi_startup()在 fpm/fpm/fpm_main.c中定义
php_module_startup() 在main/main.c中定义
php_startup_auto_globals() 在main/php_variables.h中定义
zend_hash_update(&EG(symbol_table), "_GET", sizeof("_GET") + 1, &vars, sizeof(zval *), NULL);
 
/* 读取$_SERVER变量 */
static PHP_FUNCTION(print_server_vars) {
    zval **val;
    if (zend_hash_find(&EG(symbol_table), "_SERVER", sizeof("_SERVER"), (void **)&val) == SUCCESS) {
        RETURN_ZVAL(*val, 1, 0);
    }else{
     RETURN_FALSE;
    }
}
 
 
/* 读取$_SERVER[$name] */
 
ZEND_BEGIN_ARG_INFO(print_server_var_arginfo, 0)
    ZEND_ARG_INFO(0, "name")
ZEND_END_ARG_INFO()
 
static PHP_FUNCTION(print_server_var) {
    char *name;
    int name_len;
    zval **val;
    HashTable *ht_vars = NULL;
    HashPosition pos;
    zval **ret_val;
 
    if (zend_parse_parameters(ZEND_NUM_ARGS() TSRMLS_CC, "|s!", &name, &name_len) == FAILURE) {
        RETURN_NULL();
    }
 
    if (zend_hash_find(&EG(symbol_table), "_SERVER", sizeof("_SERVER"), (void **)&val) == SUCCESS) {
        ht_vars = Z_ARRVAL_PP(val);
 
        //此处需传入大于name长度+1的值，因为字符串值后面需要'\0'
 
        if (zend_hash_find(ht_vars, name, name_len+1, (void **)&ret_val) == SUCCESS) {              RETURN_STRING(Z_STRVAL_PP(ret_val), 0);
        }else{
            RETURN_NULL();
        }
    }else{
        RETURN_NULL();
    }
}

包装第三方库：

SEARCH_PATH="/usr/local /usr"     #lib搜索的目录
SEARCH_FOR="/include/curl/curl.h"  #lib头文件的路径
if test -r $PHP_LIBS/$SEARCH_FOR; then
    LIBS_DIR=$PHP_LIBS
else # search default path list
    AC_MSG_CHECKING([for libs files in default path])
    for i in $SEARCH_PATH ; do
        if test -r $i/$SEARCH_FOR; then
            LIBS_DIR=$i                #搜索到的lib的路径
            AC_MSG_RESULT(found in $i)
        fi
    done
fi
 
/*验证lib是否存在*/
if test -z "$LIBS_DIR"; then
    AC_MSG_RESULT([not found])
    AC_MSG_ERROR([Please reinstall the libs distribution])
fi
 
 
/*编译的时候添加lib的include目录,  -I/usr/include*/
PHP_ADD_INCLUDE($LIBS_DIR/include)
 
LIBNAME=curl            #lib名称 
LIBSYMBOL=curl_version  #lib的一个函数，用来PHP_CHECK_LIBRARY验证lib
 
/*验证lib*/
PHP_CHECK_LIBRARY($LIBNAME,$LIBSYMBOL, 
[
    PHP_ADD_LIBRARY_WITH_PATH($LIBNAME, $LIBS_DIR/$PHP_LIBDIR, LIBS_SHARED_LIBADD) #编译的时候链接lib, -llibcurl
    AC_DEFINE(HAVE_LIBSLIB,1,[ ])
],[
    AC_MSG_ERROR([wrong libs lib version or lib not found])
],[
    -L$LIBS_DIR/$PHP_LIBDIR -lm
]) 
 
 
PHP_SUBST(LIBS_SHARED_LIBADD)

遍历数组：

function hello_array_strings($arr) {
    if (!is_array($arr)) return NULL;
    printf("The array passed contains %d elements ", count($arr));
 
    foreach($arr as $data) {
        if (is_string($data)) echo "$data ";
    }
}

PHP_FUNCTION(hello_array_strings)
{
    zval *arr, **data;
    HashTable *arr_hash;
    HashPosition pointer;
    int array_count;
 
    if (zend_parse_parameters(ZEND_NUM_ARGS() TSRMLS_CC, "a", &arr) == FAILURE) {
        RETURN_NULL();
    }
 
    arr_hash = Z_ARRVAL_P(arr);
    array_count = zend_hash_num_elements(arr_hash);
    php_printf("The array passed contains %d elements ", array_count);
 
    for(zend_hash_internal_pointer_reset_ex(arr_hash, &pointer); zend_hash_get_current_data_ex(arr_hash, (void**) &data, &pointer) == SUCCESS; zend_hash_move_forward_ex(arr_hash, &pointer)) {
        if (Z_TYPE_PP(data) == IS_STRING) {
 
            PHPWRITE(Z_STRVAL_PP(data), Z_STRLEN_PP(data));
 
            php_printf(" ");
 
        }
    }
 
    RETURN_TRUE;
}

输出：

int php_printf(const char *format, ...);
int php_write(void *buf, uint size TSRMLS_DC);
int PHPWRITE(void *buf, uint size);
void php_html_puts(const char *buf, uint size TSRMLS_DC)

//print zval
ZEND_API int zend_print_zval(zval *expr, int indent);
ZEND_API void zend_print_zval_r(zval *expr, int indent TSRMLS_DC);

//sprintf
PHPAPI int spprintf( char **pbuf, size_t max_len, const char *format, ...);
PHPAPI int vspprintf(char **pbuf, size_t max_len, const char *format, va_list ap);

//string strcat
ZEND_API int add_char_to_string(zval *result, const zval *op1, const zval *op2);
ZEND_API int add_string_to_string(zval *result, const zval *op1, const zval *op2);
ZEND_API int concat_function(zval *result, zval *op1, zval *op2 TSRMLS_DC);

ZEND_API void zend_str_tolower(char *str, unsigned int length);
ZEND_API char *zend_str_tolower_copy(char *dest, const char *source, unsigned int length);
ZEND_API char *zend_str_tolower_dup(const char *source, unsigned int length);

内存分配：

emalloc(size_t size);
efree(void *ptr);
ecalloc(size_t nmemb, size_t size);
erealloc(void *ptr, size_t size);
estrdup(const char *s);
estrndup(const char *s, unsigned int length);