用python从excel表格中读取数据生成可以放在科技论文中的图片

最近在写毕业小论文，需要插入符合科技论文的数据图，其实很多的设置都是规定好的，虽然自己在excel中设置一下也不花多少时间，觉得好玩想着是不是可以用python做一个自动读取数据画图的小脚本，以后写报告也可以用得着。

其实整个思路很清楚，两个晚上的样子就搭好了大体的程序，主要用的就是xlrd的模块读取excel中的内容，用matplotlib画图。主要的时间基本耗费在线条粗细设置啦字体这些上面。

下面给出程序。

"""
Created on Thu Dec 17 19:46:22 2015

@author: hp-hp
"""

import sys,xdrlib
import os
import xlrd
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib
from scipy.interpolate import interp1d
from matplotlib.ticker import MultipleLocator

path=os.getcwd()
LineColor=['','black','red','darkblue']
ll=['none','-','--','-.',':']
#myfont=matplotlib.font_manager.FontProperties(fname='times.ttf',size=12)
def GetDataFromExcel(file,by_index=0):
data=xlrd.open_workbook(file)
#    print dir(data)
table=data.sheets()[by_index]
#print table
nrows=table.nrows
#print nrows,'nrows'
ncols=table.ncols
#print ncols,'nclos'
databig=np.zeros((ncols,nrows-1))
#print databig
#list_x=[]
for colnum in range(ncols):
listx=[]
#global databig
#print 'colnum=',colnum
col=table.col_values(colnum)
for rownum in range(1,nrows):
#print'rownum=',rownum

listx.append(col[rownum])
#print listx
databig[colnum]=listx
return databig

def GetSheetNum(file):
data=xlrd.open_workbook(file)
return len(data.sheets())

def GetFlag(file,by_index):
data=xlrd.open_workbook(file)
flag=data.sheets()[by_index].name
return flag

def GetLabel(file,by_index):
linelabel=[]
data=xlrd.open_workbook(file)
table=data.sheets()[by_index]
nrows=table.nrows
ncols=table.ncols
row0=table.row_values(0)
for i in range(1,ncols):
#        aa='$'+row0[i]+'$'
aa=row0[i]
linelabel.append(aa)
#    print linelabel
return linelabel

def GenerateFigure(x,labellist,flag,xmin,xmax,legendlocation):
plt.figure(figsize=(8,4))
xnum=x.shape[1]
xnumnew=xnum*7
ax=plt.gca()
###########################画图啦##################################################
for i in range(1,x.shape[0]):
f=interp1d(x[0], x[i], kind='cubic')
xnew = np.linspace(x[0][0], x[0][xnum-1], num=xnumnew, endpoint=True)
plt.plot(xnew,f(xnew),ll[i],color=LineColor[i],linewidth=2.5)
lg=plt.legend(labellist,shadow='true')
for t in lg.get_texts():
#            print dir(t)

t.set_font_properties('Times New Roman')
t.set_fontweight('bold')
t.set_fontsize(12)

font = {'family' : 'Times New Roman',
'color'  : 'black',
'weight' : 'bold',
'size'   : 12,
}

for tick in ax.xaxis.get_major_ticks():
#        print dir(tick.label1)

tick.label1.set_font_properties('Times New Roman')
tick.label1.set_weight('bold')
tick.label1.set_fontsize(12)

for tick in ax.yaxis.get_major_ticks():

tick.label1.set_font_properties('Times New Roman')
tick.label1.set_weight('bold')
tick.label1.set_fontsize(12)
wrapper=ax.spines
wrapper['top'].set_linewidth(2)
wrapper['bottom'].set_linewidth(2)
wrapper['left'].set_linewidth(2)
wrapper['right'].set_linewidth(2)

for tickline in ax.xaxis.get_ticklines():
tickline.set_markeredgewidth(1.5)
tickline.set_markersize(4)
for tickline in ax.yaxis.get_ticklines():
tickline.set_markeredgewidth(1.5)
tickline.set_markersize(4)

if (flag.upper()=='VSWR'):
plt.xlabel("Freq (Ghz)",fontdict=font)
plt.ylabel("VSWR",fontdict=font)
ax.get_legend()._loc=legendlocation

if(xmin!='default' and xmax!='default'):
plt.xlim(xmin,xmax)

if (flag.upper()[:4]=='GAIN'):
plt.xlim(-90,90)
ax.xaxis.set_major_locator(MultipleLocator(30))
plt.xlabel("Theta (deg)",fontdict=font)
plt.ylabel("Gain (dB)",fontdict=font)
ax.get_legend()._loc=8

if (flag.upper()=='S11'):
plt.xlabel("Freq (GHz)",fontdict=font)
plt.ylabel("S11 (dB)",fontdict=font)
ax.get_legend()._loc=legendlocation
if(xmin!='default' and xmax!='default'):
plt.xlim(xmin,xmax)

if (flag.upper()[0:9]=='RCSVSFREQ'):
plt.xlabel("Freq (Ghz)",fontdict=font)
plt.ylabel("Monostatic RCS (dB)",fontdict=font)
ax.get_legend()._loc=2
if(xmin!='default' and xmax!='default'):
plt.xlim(xmin,xmax)
#    plt.savefig('01.png',dpi=75)

def SaveFigure(filename,flag,dpivalue):
figurename=''
filenamenew=filename.split('.')[0]
figurename=filenamenew+'_'+flag
#    print figurename
plt.savefig(figurename,dpi=dpivalue)
#    print plt.savefig.__doc__

if __name__=='__main__':
filename='jx.xlsx'
#    sheetnum=1
sheetnum=GetSheetNum(filename)
for sheetnum in range(sheetnum):
flag=GetFlag(filename,sheetnum)
x=GetDataFromExcel(filename,sheetnum)
labelx=GetLabel(filename,sheetnum)
#    lablex=["$xx$","$yy$","$zz$","$aa$"]
flagx=GetFlag(filename,sheetnum)
GenerateFigure(x,labelx,flagx)
SaveFigure(filename,flag)
#        print GetFlag('vswr.xlsx',1)

因为后来想写一个ui界面，方便其他小伙伴一起用，后来发现用的Tkinter做出来的界面实在太丑，各种设置选项又太多，那样还不如直接用excel了，于是作罢了。所以程序里有些小改动，后来懒得改回去了。

最终生成的图片是这样的：