haproxy 基础知识

1.安装
# wget http://haproxy.1wt.eu/download/1.3/src/haproxy-1.3.20.tar.gz
# tar zcvf haproxy-1.3.20.tar.gz
# cd haproxy-1.3.20
# make TARGET=linux26 PREFIX=/usr/local/haproxy #将haproxy安装到/usr/local/haproxy
# make install PREFIX=/usr/local/haproxy
2.配置
安装完毕后，进入安装目录配置文件，默认情况下目录里是没有.cfg配置文件的，可以回到安装文件目录下将examples下的haproxy.cfg拷贝到usr/local/haproxy下。
# cd /usr/local/haproxy
# vi haproxy.cfg默认文件内容如下：
# this config needs haproxy-1.1.28 or haproxy-1.2.1global
log 127.0.0.1 local0
log 127.0.0.1 local1 notice
#log loghost local0 info
maxconn 4096
chroot /usr/share/haproxy
uid 99
gid 99
daemon
#debug
#quietdefaults
log global
mode http
option httplog
option dontlognull
retries 3
redispatch
maxconn 2000
contimeout 5000
clitimeout 50000
srvtimeout 50000listen appli1-rewrite 0.0.0.0:10001
cookie SERVERID rewrite
balance roundrobin
server app1_1 192.168.34.23:8080 cookie app1inst1 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 5
server app1_2 192.168.34.32:8080 cookie app1inst2 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 5
server app1_3 192.168.34.27:8080 cookie app1inst3 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 5
server app1_4 192.168.34.42:8080 cookie app1inst4 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 5listen appli2-insert 0.0.0.0:10002
option httpchk
balance roundrobin
cookie SERVERID insert indirect nocache
server inst1 192.168.114.56:80 cookie server01 check inter 2000 fall 3
server inst2 192.168.114.56:81 cookie server02 check inter 2000 fall 3
capture cookie vgnvisitor= len 32option httpclose # disable keep-alive
rspidel ^Set-cookie:\ IP= # do not let this cookie tell our internal IP addresslisten appli3-relais 0.0.0.0:10003
dispatch 192.168.135.17:80listen appli4-backup 0.0.0.0:10004
option httpchk /index.html
option persist
balance roundrobin
server inst1 192.168.114.56:80 check inter 2000 fall 3
server inst2 192.168.114.56:81 check inter 2000 fall 3 backuplisten ssl-relay 0.0.0.0:8443
option ssl-hello-chk
balance source
server inst1 192.168.110.56:443 check inter 2000 fall 3
server inst2 192.168.110.57:443 check inter 2000 fall 3
server back1 192.168.120.58:443 backuplisten appli5-backup 0.0.0.0:10005
option httpchk *
balance roundrobin
cookie SERVERID insert indirect nocache
server inst1 192.168.114.56:80 cookie server01 check inter 2000 fall 3
server inst2 192.168.114.56:81 cookie server02 check inter 2000 fall 3
server inst3 192.168.114.57:80 backup check inter 2000 fall 3
capture cookie ASPSESSION len 32
srvtimeout 20000option httpclose # disable keep-alive
option checkcache # block response if set-cookie & cacheablerspidel ^Set-cookie:\ IP= # do not let this cookie tell our internal IP addresserrorloc 502 http://192.168.114.58/error502.html errorfile 503 /etc/haproxy/errors/503.http根据实际需求，更改配置文件，我的配置如下
global #全局设置
log 127.0.0.1 local0 #日志输出配置，所有日志都记录在本机，通过local0输出
#log loghost local0 info
maxconn 4096 #最大连接数
chroot /usr/local/haproxy
uid 99 #所属运行的用户uid
gid 99 #所属运行的用户组
daemon #以后台形式运行haproxy
nbproc 2 #启动2个haproxy实例
pidfile /usr/local/haproxy/haproxy.pid #将所有进程写入pid文件
#debug
#quietdefaults #默认设置
#log global
log 127.0.0.1 local3 #日志文件的输出定向
mode http #所处理的类别,默认采用http模式，可配置成tcp作4层消息转发
option httplog #日志类别,采用httplog
option dontlognull
option forwardfor #如果后端服务器需要获得客户端真实ip需要配置的参数，可以从Http Header中获得客户端ip
option httpclose #每次请求完毕后主动关闭http通道,haproxy不支持keep-alive,只能模拟这种模式的实现
retries 3 #3次连接失败就认为服务器不可用，主要通过后面的check检查
option redispatch #当serverid对应的服务器挂掉后，强制定向到其他健康服务器
maxconn 2000 #最大连接数
stats uri /haproxy-admin #haproxy 监控页面的访问地址
contimeout 5000 #连接超时时间
clitimeout 50000 #客户端连接超时时间
srvtimeout 50000 #服务器端连接超时时间

stats auth  Frank:Frank

#设置监控页面的用户和密码：Frank

stats hide

-

version

#隐藏统计页面的HAproxy版本信息

frontend http-in #前台
bind *:80
mode http
option httplog
log global
default_backend htmpool #静态服务器池backend htmpool #后台
balance leastconn#负载均衡算法option httpchk HEAD /index.htm HTTP/1.0 #健康检查
server web1 10.16.0.9:8085 cookie 1 weight 5 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 3
server web2 10.16.0.10:8085 cookie 2 weight 3 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 3#cookie 1表示serverid为1，check inter 1500 是检测心跳频率#rise 2是2次正确认为服务器可用，fall 3是3次失败认为服务器不可用，weight代表权重3.加上日志支持
# vim /etc/syslog.conf
在最下边增加local3.* /var/log/haproxy.loglocal0.* /var/log/haproxy.log#vim /etc/sysconfig/syslog
修改： SYSLOGD_OPTIONS="-r -m 0"
重启日志服务service syslog restart4.设置开机启动
为了方便系统在开机时加载，还可以创建启动脚本：# vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/haproxy 内容如下：
#! /bin/shset -ePATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/haproxy/sbinPROGDIR=/usr/local/haproxyPROGNAME=haproxyDAEMON=$PROGDIR/sbin/$PROGNAMECONFIG=$PROGDIR/$PROGNAME.confPIDFILE=$PROGDIR/$PROGNAME.pidDESC="HAProxy daemon"SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$PROGNAME# Gracefully exit if the package has been removed.test -x $DAEMON || exit 0start(){echo -n "Starting $DESC: $PROGNAME"$DAEMON -f $CONFIGecho "."}stop(){echo -n "Stopping $DESC: $PROGNAME"haproxy_pid=cat $PIDFILEkill $haproxy_pidecho "."}restart(){echo -n "Restarting $DESC: $PROGNAME"$DAEMON -f $CONFIG -p $PIDFILE -sf $(cat $PIDFILE)echo "."}case "$1" instart)start;;stop)stop;;restart)restart;;*)echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|restart}" >&2exit 1;;esac
exit 0保存后赐予可执行权限# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/haproxy
就可以使用 service haproxy start|stop|restart 来控***务的启动停止跟重启。并通过以下命令加载到开机服务启动列表# chkconfig --add haproxy5.启动服务
启动服务：# /usr/local/haproxy/sbin/haproxy -f /usr/local/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
重启服务：# /usr/local/haproxy/sbin/haproxy -f /usr/local/haproxy/haproxy.cfg -st `cat /usr/local/haproxy/logs/haproxy.pid` (没有换行)
停止服务：# killall haproxy6.举例
在浏览器中输入haproxy监控地址:http://10.16.0.246:1080/haproxy-admin,如图所示