Sql Server 获取指定表、视图结构

1、获取指定表、视图的所有字段属性

只要输入不同的表/视图名，就可以获取该表的所有字段名字、字段长度、字段类型、字段说明、字段是否允许为空、是否主键、是否自增长字段等。

USE [数据库名称]
GO

/****** Object:  StoredProcedure [dbo].[A_P_GetColumnStructureInfo]    Script Date: 11/19/2015 16:11:12 ******/
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[A_P_GetColumnStructureInfo]
(
@tableName NVARCHAR(500) -- 表名
)
AS
DECLARE @sqlTemp NVARCHAR(MAX); --查询sql
SET @sqlTemp = 'SELECT  syscolumns.name AS Code ,
syscolumns.name AS Name ,
IsPrimaryKey = CASE WHEN EXISTS ( SELECT    1
FROM      sysobjects
INNER JOIN sysindexes ON sysindexes.name = sysobjects.name
INNER JOIN sysindexkeys ON sysindexes.id = sysindexkeys.id
AND sysindexes.indid = sysindexkeys.indid
WHERE     xtype = ''PK''
AND parent_obj = syscolumns.id
AND sysindexkeys.colid = syscolumns.colid )
THEN 1
ELSE 0
END ,
systypes.name AS DataType ,
syscolumns.length AS N''DataLength'',
--sys.extended_properties.value AS Mark ,
ISNULL(COLUMNPROPERTY(syscolumns.id, syscolumns.name, ''Scale''), 0) AS N''Pricision'' ,
ISNULL(syscomments.text, '''') N''DefaultValue'' ,
syscolumns.isnullable AS IsNotNull ,
''0'' AS N''IsUnique'' ,
NEWID() AS N''id'' ,
''0'' AS N''IsSystem'' ,
IsIncrementColumn = CASE syscolumns.status
WHEN 128 THEN 1
ELSE 0
END,
ISNULL(extended_properties.[value], '''') AS N''Remark'' ,
''0'' AS N''DataObjectId'',
0 AS IdentityIncrement,
0 AS IDENT_SEED

FROM    syscolumns
INNER JOIN systypes ON ( syscolumns.xtype = systypes.xtype
AND systypes.name <> ''_default_''
AND systypes.name <> ''sysname''
)
left join syscomments  on syscolumns.cdefault = syscomments.id
LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.extended_properties ON ( sys.extended_properties.major_id = syscolumns.id
AND minor_id = syscolumns.colid
)

WHERE   syscolumns.id = ( SELECT    id
FROM      sysobjects
WHERE     name = '''+@tableName+'''
)
ORDER BY syscolumns.colid; '
PRINT @sqlTemp;

------返回查询结果-----
EXEC sp_executesql @sqlTemp;

GO

小注：

0 AS IdentityIncrement,
0 AS IDENT_SEED

这两个是充数，想获取真实值，请用2、3的函数

升级版（修改IsIncrementColumn列为bit类型）：

USE [AMACDBtest]
GO

/****** Object:  StoredProcedure [dbo].[A_P_GetColumnStructureInfo]    Script Date: 11/20/2015 09:58:03 ******/
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO

alter PROCEDURE [dbo].[A_P_GetColumnStructureInfo]
(
@tableName NVARCHAR(MAX) -- 表名
)
AS
DECLARE @sqlTemp NVARCHAR(MAX); --查询sql
SET @sqlTemp = 'SELECT  syscolumns.name AS Code ,
syscolumns.name AS Name ,
IsPrimaryKey = CASE WHEN EXISTS ( SELECT    1
FROM      sysobjects
INNER JOIN sysindexes ON sysindexes.name = sysobjects.name
INNER JOIN sysindexkeys ON sysindexes.id = sysindexkeys.id
AND sysindexes.indid = sysindexkeys.indid
WHERE     xtype = ''PK''
AND parent_obj = syscolumns.id
AND sysindexkeys.colid = syscolumns.colid )
THEN 1
ELSE 0
END ,
systypes.name AS DataType ,
syscolumns.length AS N''DataLength'',
--sys.extended_properties.value AS Mark ,
ISNULL(COLUMNPROPERTY(syscolumns.id, syscolumns.name, ''Scale''), 0) AS N''Pricision'' ,
ISNULL(syscomments.text, '''') N''DefaultValue'' ,
syscolumns.isnullable AS IsNotNull ,
''0'' AS N''IsUnique'' ,
NEWID() AS N''id'' ,
''0'' AS N''IsSystem'' ,
--IsIncrementColumn = CASE syscolumns.status
--               WHEN 128 THEN 1
--               ELSE 0
--             END,
IsIncrementColumn = cast(CASE syscolumns.status
WHEN 128 THEN 1
ELSE 0
END AS bit),
ISNULL(extended_properties.[value], '''') AS N''Remark'' ,
''0'' AS N''DataObjectId'',
0 AS IdentityIncrement,
0 AS IDENT_SEED

FROM    syscolumns
INNER JOIN systypes ON ( syscolumns.xtype = systypes.xtype
AND systypes.name <> ''_default_''
AND systypes.name <> ''sysname''
)
left join syscomments  on syscolumns.cdefault = syscomments.id
LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.extended_properties ON ( sys.extended_properties.major_id = syscolumns.id
AND minor_id = syscolumns.colid
)

WHERE   syscolumns.id = ( SELECT    id
FROM      sysobjects
WHERE     name = '''+@tableName+'''
)
ORDER BY syscolumns.colid; '
PRINT @sqlTemp;

------返回查询结果-----
EXEC sp_executesql @sqlTemp;

GO

2、获取标识列的种子值（标识种子：指示标识列的初始行值。标识种子必须是 整数，位数等于或小于 10。）
可使用函数IDENT_SEED,用法：

SELECT IDENT_SEED ('表名')

3、获取标识列的递增量（标识增量：属性指定在 Microsoft SQL Server 为插入的行生成标识值时，在现有的最大行标识值基础上所加的值。标识增量必须是 非零 整数，位数等于或小于 10。）

可使用函数IDENT_INCR ,用法：

SELECT IDENT_INCR('表名')

4、待续