oracle plsql语句、游标

plsql语句

SELECT * FROM jobs

--求jobs表中总裁最低工资的编号，如果对应记录太多抛出相应异常，没有记录则抛出没有记录的异常

DECLARE

v_result VARCHAR(20);

BEGIN

SELECT job_id INTO v_result FROM jobs WHERE min_salary>2000;

dbms_output.put_line('总裁最低工资编号:'||v_result);

EXCEPTION

WHEN no_data_found THEN

dbms_output.put_line('没有对应的记录');

WHEN too_many_rows THEN

dbms_output.put_line('对应记录太多!');

END;

/

--定义记录类型的变量

DECLARE

`TYPE product_rec IS RECORD

(

v_productid productinfo.productid%TYPE,--代表v_productid的类型和productinfo表中productid的类型一样

v_product_name VARCHAR2(20),

v_product_type VARCHAR(20)

)

v_product product_rec;

BEGIN

SELECT productid,productname,producttype INTO v_product FROM productinfo;

dbms_output.put_line(v_product.v_productid);

END;

/

--%rowtype,将变量的类型设置为表类型

DECLARE

v_result productinfo%ROWTYPE;

BEGIN

SELECT * INTO v_result FROM productinfo;

END;

/

--if elseif end if结构,也可以嵌套使用,case语句

--loop结构

DECLARE

v_num NUMBER(8) :=1;

BEGIN

<<basic_LOOP>>

LOOP

v_num := v_num+1;

IF

v_num>10 THEN

dbms_output.put_line('当前v_num的值是:'||v_num);

EXIT basic_LOOP;

END IF;

END LOOP;

END;

/

--while loop

DECLARE

v_num NUMBER(8) :=1;

BEGIN

<<basic_LOOP>>

WHILE v_num<20

LOOP

v_num := v_num+1;

IF

MOD(v_num,4)=0 THEN

dbms_output.put_line('当前v_num的值是:'||v_num);

EXIT basic_LOOP;

END IF;

END LOOP;

END;

/

--使用for loop计算0-20之间的整数和

DECLARE

v_num NUMBER(8):=1;

BEGIN

<<for_loop>>

FOR inx IN 1..20 LOOP

v_num := v_num+inx;

END LOOP;

dbms_output.put_line('当前v_num的值是:'||v_num);

END;

/

--自定义异常

DECLARE

salary jobs.min_salary%TYPE;

msg_exc EXCEPTION;

PRAGMA Exception_Init(msg_exc,-20001);

BEGIN

SELECT min_salary INTO salary FROM jobs WHERE job_id='AD_PRES';

IF salary>10000 THEN

RAISE msg_exc;

END IF;

dbms_output.put_line('工资是:'||salary);

EXCEPTION

WHEN msg_exc THEN

dbms_output.put_line('工资不符合标准'||'error code:'||SQLCODE);

WHEN no_data_found THEN

dbms_output.put_line('没有对应的数据');

END;

/

游标

--loop

DECLARE

CURSOR JOB_LOOP IS

SELECT JOB_ID, JOB_TITLE, MIN_SALARY, MAX_SALARY FROM JOBS;

CUR_JOBID JOBS.JOB_ID%TYPE;

CUR_JOBTITLE JOBS.JOB_TITLE%TYPE;

CUR_MINSALARY JOBS.MIN_SALARY%TYPE;

CUR_MAXSALARY JOBS.MAX_SALARY%TYPE;

BEGIN

OPEN JOB_LOOP;

LOOP

FETCH JOB_LOOP

INTO CUR_JOBID, CUR_JOBTITLE, CUR_MINSALARY, CUR_MAXSALARY;

EXIT WHEN JOB_LOOP%NOTFOUND;

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('工作id:' || CUR_JOBID || ', 职称:' ||

CUR_JOBTITLE || ', 最低工资:' || CUR_MINSALARY ||

', 最高工资:' || CUR_MAXSALARY);

END LOOP;

CLOSE JOB_LOOP;

END;

/

--bult collect for实现同样的效果，rowtype对应一行记录所有的列，会跟所有的列类型一样

DECLARE CURSOR JOB_LOOP IS

SELECT JOB_ID, JOB_TITLE, MIN_SALARY, MAX_SALARY FROM JOBS;

TYPE JOB_TAB IS TABLE OF JOBS%ROWTYPE;

JOB JOB_TAB;

BEGIN

OPEN JOB_LOOP; --也可以做增删改查操作

LOOP

FETCH JOB_LOOP BULK COLLECT

INTO JOB;

FOR I IN 1 .. JOB.COUNT LOOP

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('工作id:' || JOB(I).JOB_ID || ', 职称:' || JOB(I)

.JOB_TITLE || ', 最低工资:' || JOB(I).MIN_SALARY ||

', 最高工资:' || JOB(I).MAX_SALARY);

END LOOP;

EXIT WHEN JOB_LOOP%NOTFOUND;

END LOOP;

CLOSE JOB_LOOP;

END;

/

--还有带参数的游标