mysql多实例的安装和管理(一台服务器上运行两个mysql实例)
2015-10-30 23:51
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mysql的多实例有两种方式可以实现,两种方式各有利弊。
第一种是使用多个配置文件启动不同的进程来实现多实例,这种方式的优势逻辑简单,配置简单,缺点是管理起来不太方便。
第二种是通过官方自带的mysqld_multi使用单独的配置文件来实现多实例,这种方式定制每个实例的配置不太方面,优点是管理起来很方便,集中管理。
下面就分别来实战这两种多实例的安装和管理
操作系统:SUSE 11
mysql实例数:3个
实例占用端口分别为:3306、3307、3308
3306的配置文件如下
vim /data/dbdata_3307/my.cnf
3307的配置文件如下:
vim /data/dbdata_3308/my.cnf
3308的配置文件如下:
3306的启动文件如下:
vim /data/dbdata_3307/mysqld
3307的启动文件如下:
vim /data/dbdata_3308/mysqld
3308的启动文件如下:
创建了admin帐号以后脚本的stop功能和restart功能就正常了!
如果是rhel或者centos系统的话自启动文件/etc/rc.local
管理的话,在本地都是采用 -S /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock,如果在远程可以通过不同的端口连接上去坐管理操作。其他的和单实例的管理没什么区别!
值得注意的是高版本的mysql
初始化的命令不一样(mysql_install_db)位置
[root@www scripts]# /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db –basedir=/usr/local/mysql –datadir=/usr/local/mysql3307/var –user=mysql
Installing MySQL system tables…
OK
Filling help tables…
OK
To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password ‘new-password’
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h www password ‘new-password’
Alternatively you can run:
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation
which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default. This is
strongly recommended for production servers.
See the manual for more instructions.
You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd /usr/local/mysql ; /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe &
You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd /usr/local/mysql/mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl
Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/
结尾我会补充如果在已经安装过的mysql 3306上,额外加一个3307或者3308实例
vim /etc/my.cnf
可能会报错
[root@www ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start 1
WARNING: my_print_defaults command not found.
Please make sure you have this command available and
in your path. The command is available from the latest
MySQL distribution.
ABORT: Can’t find command ‘my_print_defaults’.
This command is available from the latest MySQL
distribution. Please make sure you have the command
in your PATH.
把环境变量加入到PATH中去
/usr/local/mysql/bin
[root@www ~]# source /etc/profile
或者采用一条命令的形式:
如果是rhel或者centos系统的话自启动文件/etc/rc.local
管理的话,在本地都是采用 -S /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock,如果在远程可以通过不同的端口连接上去坐管理操作。其他的和单实例的管理没什么区别!
大家在管理多实例的话可以使用mysqlmanager实例管理器,管理器来会比较方面,限于篇幅,这里就不在多做介绍!
【转自飞雪无痕的博客http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-20639775-id-3438560.html】
第一种是使用多个配置文件启动不同的进程来实现多实例,这种方式的优势逻辑简单,配置简单,缺点是管理起来不太方便。
第二种是通过官方自带的mysqld_multi使用单独的配置文件来实现多实例,这种方式定制每个实例的配置不太方面,优点是管理起来很方便,集中管理。
下面就分别来实战这两种多实例的安装和管理
先来学习第一种使用多个配置文件启动多个不同进程的情况:
环境介绍:
mysql 版本:5.1.50操作系统:SUSE 11
mysql实例数:3个
实例占用端口分别为:3306、3307、3308
创建mysql用户
/usr/sbin/groupadd mysql /usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql
编译安装mysql
tar xzvf mysql-5.1.50.tar.gz cd mysql-5.1.50 ./configure '--prefix=/usr/local/mysql' '--with-charset=utf8' '--with-extra-charsets=complex' '--with-pthread' '--enable-thread-safe-client' '--with-ssl' '--with-client-ldflags=-all-static' '--with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static' '--with-plugins=partition,innobase,blackhole,myisam,innodb_plugin,heap,archive' '--enable-shared' '--enable-assembler' make make install
初始化数据库
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/dbdata_3306 --user=mysql /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/dbdata_3307 --user=mysql /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/dbdata_3308 --user=mysql
创建配置文件
vim /data/dbdata_3306/my.cnf3306的配置文件如下
[client] port = 3306 socket = /data/dbdata_3306/mysql.sock [mysqld] datadir=/data/dbdata_3306/ skip-name-resolve lower_case_table_names=1 innodb_file_per_table=1 port = 3306 socket = /data/dbdata_3306/mysql.sock back_log = 50 max_connections = 300 max_connect_errors = 1000 table_open_cache = 2048 max_allowed_packet = 16M binlog_cache_size = 2M max_heap_table_size = 64M sort_buffer_size = 2M join_buffer_size = 2M thread_cache_size = 64 thread_concurrency = 8 query_cache_size = 64M query_cache_limit = 2M ft_min_word_len = 4 default-storage-engine = innodb thread_stack = 192K transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ tmp_table_size = 64M log-bin=mysql-bin binlog_format=mixed slow_query_log long_query_time = 1 server-id = 1 key_buffer_size = 8M read_buffer_size = 2M read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G myisam_repair_threads = 1 myisam_recover innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M innodb_buffer_pool_size = 200M innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend innodb_file_io_threads = 8 innodb_thread_concurrency = 16 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M innodb_log_file_size = 512M innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 60 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 256M [mysql] no-auto-rehash prompt=\\u@\\d \\R:\\m> [myisamchk] key_buffer_size = 512M sort_buffer_size = 512M read_buffer = 8M write_buffer = 8M [mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout [mysqld_safe] open-files-limit = 8192
vim /data/dbdata_3307/my.cnf
3307的配置文件如下:
[client] port = 3307 socket = /data/dbdata_3307/mysql.sock [mysqld] datadir=/data/dbdata_3307/ skip-name-resolve lower_case_table_names=1 innodb_file_per_table=1 port = 3307 socket = /data/dbdata_3307/mysql.sock back_log = 50 max_connections = 300 max_connect_errors = 1000 table_open_cache = 2048 max_allowed_packet = 16M binlog_cache_size = 2M max_heap_table_size = 64M sort_buffer_size = 2M join_buffer_size = 2M thread_cache_size = 64 thread_concurrency = 8 query_cache_size = 64M query_cache_limit = 2M ft_min_word_len = 4 default-storage-engine = innodb thread_stack = 192K transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ tmp_table_size = 64M log-bin=mysql-bin binlog_format=mixed slow_query_log long_query_time = 1 server-id = 1 key_buffer_size = 8M read_buffer_size = 2M read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G myisam_repair_threads = 1 myisam_recover innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M innodb_buffer_pool_size = 200M innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend innodb_file_io_threads = 8 innodb_thread_concurrency = 16 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M innodb_log_file_size = 512M innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 60 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 256M [mysql] no-auto-rehash prompt=\\u@\\d \\R:\\m> [myisamchk] key_buffer_size = 512M sort_buffer_size = 512M read_buffer = 8M write_buffer = 8M [mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout [mysqld_safe] open-files-limit = 8192
vim /data/dbdata_3308/my.cnf
3308的配置文件如下:
[client] port = 3308 socket = /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock [mysqld] datadir=/data/dbdata_3308/ skip-name-resolve lower_case_table_names=1 innodb_file_per_table=1 port = 3308 socket = /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock back_log = 50 max_connections = 300 max_connect_errors = 1000 table_open_cache = 2048 max_allowed_packet = 16M binlog_cache_size = 2M max_heap_table_size = 64M sort_buffer_size = 2M join_buffer_size = 2M thread_cache_size = 64 thread_concurrency = 8 query_cache_size = 64M query_cache_limit = 2M ft_min_word_len = 4 default-storage-engine = innodb thread_stack = 192K transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ tmp_table_size = 64M log-bin=mysql-bin binlog_format=mixed slow_query_log long_query_time = 1 server-id = 1 key_buffer_size = 8M read_buffer_size = 2M read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G myisam_repair_threads = 1 myisam_recover innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M innodb_buffer_pool_size = 200M innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend innodb_file_io_threads = 8 innodb_thread_concurrency = 16 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M innodb_log_file_size = 512M innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 60 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 256M [mysql] no-auto-rehash prompt=\\u@\\d \\R:\\m> [myisamchk] key_buffer_size = 512M sort_buffer_size = 512M read_buffer = 8M write_buffer = 8M [mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout [mysqld_safe] open-files-limit = 8192
创建自动启动文件
vim /data/dbdata_3306/mysqld3306的启动文件如下:
#!/bin/bash mysql_port=3306 mysql_username="admin" mysql_password="password" function_start_mysql() { printf "Starting MySQL...\n" /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/dbdata_${mysql_port}/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null & } function_stop_mysql() { printf "Stoping MySQL...\n" /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_username} -p${mysql_password} -S /data/dbdata_${mysql_port}/mysql.sock shutdown } function_restart_mysql() { printf "Restarting MySQL...\n" function_stop_mysql function_start_mysql } function_kill_mysql() { kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'bin/mysqld_safe' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}') kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'libexec/mysqld' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}') } case $1 in start) function_start_mysql;; stop) function_stop_mysql;; kill) function_kill_mysql;; restart) function_stop_mysql function_start_mysql;; *) echo "Usage: /data/dbdata_${mysql_port}/mysqld {start|stop|restart|kill}";; esac
vim /data/dbdata_3307/mysqld
3307的启动文件如下:
#!/bin/bash mysql_port=3307 mysql_username="admin" mysql_password="password" function_start_mysql() { printf "Starting MySQL...\n" /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/dbdata_${mysql_port}/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null & } function_stop_mysql() { printf "Stoping MySQL...\n" /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_username} -p${mysql_password} -S /data/dbdata_${mysql_port}/mysql.sock shutdown } function_restart_mysql() { printf "Restarting MySQL...\n" function_stop_mysql function_start_mysql } function_kill_mysql() { kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'bin/mysqld_safe' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}') kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'libexec/mysqld' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}') } case $1 in start) function_start_mysql;; stop) function_stop_mysql;; kill) function_kill_mysql;; restart) function_stop_mysql function_start_mysql;; *) echo "Usage: /data/dbdata_${mysql_port}/mysqld {start|stop|restart|kill}";; esac
vim /data/dbdata_3308/mysqld
3308的启动文件如下:
#!/bin/bash mysql_port=3308 mysql_username="admin" mysql_password="password" function_start_mysql() { printf "Starting MySQL...\n" /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/dbdata_${mysql_port}/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null & } function_stop_mysql() { printf "Stoping MySQL...\n" /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_username} -p${mysql_password} -S /data/dbdata_${mysql_port}/mysql.sock shutdown } function_restart_mysql() { printf "Restarting MySQL...\n" function_stop_mysql function_start_mysql } function_kill_mysql() { kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'bin/mysqld_safe' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}') kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'libexec/mysqld' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}') } case $1 in start) function_start_mysql;; stop) function_stop_mysql;; kill) function_kill_mysql;; restart) function_stop_mysql function_start_mysql;; *) echo "Usage: /data/dbdata_${mysql_port}/mysqld {start|stop|restart|kill}";; esac
启动3306、3307、3308的mysql
/data/dbdata_3306/mysqld start /data/dbdata_3307/mysqld start /data/dbdata_3308/mysqld start
更改原来密码(处于安全考虑,还需要删除系统中没有密码的帐号,这里省略了):
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password 'password' -S /data/dbdata_3306/mysql.sock /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password 'password' -S /data/dbdata_3307/mysql.sock /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password 'password' -S /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock
登录测试并创建关闭mysql的帐号权限
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -ppassword -S /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock GRANT SHUTDOWN ON *.* TO 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password'; flush privileges; /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -ppassword -S /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock GRANT SHUTDOWN ON *.* TO 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password'; flush privileges; /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -ppassword -S /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock GRANT SHUTDOWN ON *.* TO 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password'; flush privileges;
创建了admin帐号以后脚本的stop功能和restart功能就正常了!
更改环境变量
vim /etc/profile 添加下面一行内容 PATH=${PATH}:/usr/local/mysql/bin/ source /etc/profile
添加到自动启动
vim /etc/init.d/boot.local
/data/dbdata_3306/mysqld start /data/dbdata_3307/mysqld start /data/dbdata_3308/mysqld start
如果是rhel或者centos系统的话自启动文件/etc/rc.local
管理的话,在本地都是采用 -S /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock,如果在远程可以通过不同的端口连接上去坐管理操作。其他的和单实例的管理没什么区别!
再来看第二种通过官方自带的mysqld_multi来实现多实例实战:
这里的mysql安装以及数据库的初始化和前面的步骤一样,就不再赘述。值得注意的是高版本的mysql
初始化的命令不一样(mysql_install_db)位置
[root@www scripts]# /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db –basedir=/usr/local/mysql –datadir=/usr/local/mysql3307/var –user=mysql
Installing MySQL system tables…
OK
Filling help tables…
OK
To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password ‘new-password’
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h www password ‘new-password’
Alternatively you can run:
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation
which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default. This is
strongly recommended for production servers.
See the manual for more instructions.
You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd /usr/local/mysql ; /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe &
You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd /usr/local/mysql/mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl
Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/
mysqld_multi的配置
【再次注意这里你如果已经安装过mysql 3306的请停止掉,不要开机启动 下面这个配置是全部走的mysql_multi 直接改的my.cnf】结尾我会补充如果在已经安装过的mysql 3306上,额外加一个3307或者3308实例
vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld_multi] mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin user = admin password = password [mysqld1] socket = /data/dbdata_3306/mysql.sock port = 3306 pid-file = /data/dbdata_3306/3306.pid datadir = /data/dbdata_3306 user = mysql skip-name-resolve lower_case_table_names=1 innodb_file_per_table=1 back_log = 50 max_connections = 300 max_connect_errors = 1000 table_open_cache = 2048 max_allowed_packet = 16M binlog_cache_size = 2M max_heap_table_size = 64M sort_buffer_size = 2M join_buffer_size = 2M thread_cache_size = 64 thread_concurrency = 8 query_cache_size = 64M query_cache_limit = 2M ft_min_word_len = 4 default-storage-engine = innodb thread_stack = 192K transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ tmp_table_size = 64M log-bin=mysql-bin binlog_format=mixed slow_query_log long_query_time = 1 server-id = 1 key_buffer_size = 8M read_buffer_size = 2M read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G myisam_repair_threads = 1 myisam_recover innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M innodb_buffer_pool_size = 200M innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend innodb_file_io_threads = 8 innodb_thread_concurrency = 16 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M innodb_log_file_size = 512M innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 60 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120 [mysqld2] socket = /data/dbdata_3307/mysql.sock port = 3307 pid-file = /data/dbdata_3307/3307.pid datadir = /data/dbdata_3307 user = mysql skip-name-resolve lower_case_table_names=1 innodb_file_per_table=1 back_log = 50 max_connections = 300 max_connect_errors = 1000 table_open_cache = 2048 max_allowed_packet = 16M binlog_cache_size = 2M max_heap_table_size = 64M sort_buffer_size = 2M join_buffer_size = 2M thread_cache_size = 64 thread_concurrency = 8 query_cache_size = 64M query_cache_limit = 2M ft_min_word_len = 4 default-storage-engine = innodb thread_stack = 192K transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ tmp_table_size = 64M log-bin=mysql-bin binlog_format=mixed slow_query_log long_query_time = 1 server-id = 1 key_buffer_size = 8M read_buffer_size = 2M read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G myisam_repair_threads = 1 myisam_recover innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M innodb_buffer_pool_size = 200M innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend innodb_file_io_threads = 8 innodb_thread_concurrency = 16 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M innodb_log_file_size = 512M innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 60 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120 [mysqld3] socket = /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock port = 3308 pid-file = /data/dbdata_3308/3308.pid datadir = /data/dbdata_3308 user = mysql skip-name-resolve lower_case_table_names=1 innodb_file_per_table=1 back_log = 50 max_connections = 300 max_connect_errors = 1000 table_open_cache = 2048 max_allowed_packet = 16M binlog_cache_size = 2M max_heap_table_size = 64M sort_buffer_size = 2M join_buffer_size = 2M thread_cache_size = 64 thread_concurrency = 8 query_cache_size = 64M query_cache_limit = 2M ft_min_word_len = 4 default-storage-engine = innodb thread_stack = 192K transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ tmp_table_size = 64M log-bin=mysql-bin binlog_format=mixed slow_query_log long_query_time = 1 server-id = 1 key_buffer_size = 8M read_buffer_size = 2M read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G myisam_repair_threads = 1 myisam_recover innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M innodb_buffer_pool_size = 200M innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend innodb_file_io_threads = 8 innodb_thread_concurrency = 16 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M innodb_log_file_size = 512M innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 60 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 256M [mysql] no-auto-rehash prompt=\\u@\\d \\R:\\m> [myisamchk] key_buffer_size = 512M sort_buffer_size = 512M read_buffer = 8M write_buffer = 8M [mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout [mysqld_safe] open-files-limit = 8192
mysqld_multi启动
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start 1 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start 2 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start 3
可能会报错
[root@www ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start 1
WARNING: my_print_defaults command not found.
Please make sure you have this command available and
in your path. The command is available from the latest
MySQL distribution.
ABORT: Can’t find command ‘my_print_defaults’.
This command is available from the latest MySQL
distribution. Please make sure you have the command
in your PATH.
把环境变量加入到PATH中去
/usr/local/mysql/bin
[root@www ~]# source /etc/profile
或者采用一条命令的形式:
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start 1-3
更改原来密码(处于安全考虑,还需要删除系统中没有密码的帐号,这里省略了):
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password 'password' -S /data/dbdata_3306/mysql.sock /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password 'password' -S /data/dbdata_3307/mysql.sock /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password 'password' -S /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock
登录测试并创建admin密码(停止mysql的时候需要使用到)
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -ppassword -S /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock GRANT SHUTDOWN ON *.* TO 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password'; flush privileges; /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -ppassword -S /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock GRANT SHUTDOWN ON *.* TO 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password'; flush privileges; /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -ppassword -S /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock GRANT SHUTDOWN ON *.* TO 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password'; flush privileges;
更改环境变量
vim /etc/profile PATH=${PATH}:/usr/local/mysql/bin/ source /etc/profile
添加到开机启动
vim /etc/init.d/boot.local /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start 1-3
如果是rhel或者centos系统的话自启动文件/etc/rc.local
管理的话,在本地都是采用 -S /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock,如果在远程可以通过不同的端口连接上去坐管理操作。其他的和单实例的管理没什么区别!
大家在管理多实例的话可以使用mysqlmanager实例管理器,管理器来会比较方面,限于篇幅,这里就不在多做介绍!
【转自飞雪无痕的博客http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-20639775-id-3438560.html】
现在我来补充如果在已经安装过的mysql 3306上,额外加一个3307或者3308实例
[root@www etc]# vim /etc/my_multi.cnf [mysqld_multi] mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin user = root password = root [mysqld1] port = 3307 socket = /tmp/mysql3307/mysql.sock datadir = /usr/local/mysql3307/var pid-file = /tmp/mysql3307/mysql3307.pid user = mysql skip-external-locking skip-name-resolve max_connections = 1000 key_buffer_size = 16M max_allowed_packet = 1M table_open_cache = 64 sort_buffer_size = 512K net_buffer_length = 8K read_buffer_size = 256K innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql3307/var innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql3307/var innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M innodb_log_file_size = 5M innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50 [mysqld2] port = 3308 socket = /tmp/mysql3308/mysql.sock datadir = /usr/local/mysql3308/var pid-file = /tmp/mysql3308/mysql3308.pid user = mysql skip-external-locking skip-name-resolve max_connections = 1000 key_buffer_size = 16M max_allowed_packet = 1M table_open_cache = 64 sort_buffer_size = 512K net_buffer_length = 8K read_buffer_size = 256K innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql3308/var innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql3308/var innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M innodb_log_file_size = 5M innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 16M [mysql] no-auto-rehash [myisamchk] key_buffer_size = 20M sort_buffer_size = 20M read_buffer = 2M write_buffer = 2M [mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout expire_logs_days = 10 [root@www ~]# /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql3307/var --user=mysql Installing MySQL system tables... OK Filling help tables... OK To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER ! To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands: /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password' /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h www password 'new-password' Alternatively you can run: /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation which will also give you the option of removing the test databases and anonymous user created by default. This is strongly recommended for production servers. See the manual for more instructions. You can start the MySQL daemon with: cd /usr/local/mysql ; /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe & You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl cd /usr/local/mysql/mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/ #同理3308也这样操作 #把/usr/local/mysql/bin 加入环境变量 [root@www ~]# vim /etc/profile #加上下面的这行 export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/ [root@www ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/etc/my_multi.cnf start 1 [root@www ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/etc/my_multi.cnf start 2 #这里的1 和2就是你在my_multi.cnf 写的[mysql1] [mysql2] [root@www ~]# netstat -tnlp Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:21 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1550/pure-ftpd (SER tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1073/sshd tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1017/cupsd tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1533/sendmail tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 18242/mysqld tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3307 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 22666/mysqld tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:11211 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1566/memcached tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:6379 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1513/redis-server 1 tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3308 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 23394/mysqld tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 6094/nginx tcp 0 0 :::21 :::* LISTEN 1550/pure-ftpd (SER tcp 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1073/sshd tcp 0 0 ::1:631 :::* LISTEN 1017/cupsd [root@www ~]# # 可以看到3307 和3308 端口已经起来了 #下面修改他们的root密码 [root@www ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password 'root' -S /tmp/mysql3307/mysql.sock [root@www ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password 'root' -S /tmp/mysql3308/mysql.sock #登录一下了 [root@www ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p -S /tmp/mysql3307/mysql.sock Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 2 Server version: 5.5.42-log Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> #可以看到是正常的 同理3308也如此 #下面就是加入到开机启动 最简单的办法 [root@www ~]# vim /etc/rc.local #加上下面的这行 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/etc/my_multi.cnf start 1-2
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