PAT1100. Mars Numbers (20)

本题是PAT2015.9.12-level A的第一题。我参加了该考试，但在此题答题过程中并没有通过所有的测试用例。回到家后重新整理了下。

题目信息如下：

People on Mars count their numbers with base 13:

Zero on Earth is called "tret" on Mars.
The numbers 1 to 12 on Earch is called "jan, feb, mar, apr, may, jun, jly, aug, sep, oct, nov, dec" on Mars, respectively.
For the next higher digit, Mars people name the 12 numbers as "tam, hel, maa, huh, tou, kes, hei, elo, syy, lok, mer, jou", respectively.

For examples, the number 29 on Earth is called "hel mar" on Mars; and "elo nov" on Mars corresponds to 115 on Earth. In order to help communication between people from these two planets, you are supposed to write a program for mutual translation between
Earth and Mars number systems.

Input Specification:

Each input file contains one test case. For each case, the first line contains a positive integer N (< 100). Then N lines follow, each contains a number in [0, 169), given either in the form of an Earth number, or that of Mars.

Output Specification:

For each number, print in a line the corresponding number in the other language.

详见http://www.patest.cn/contests/pat-a-practise/1100

简单分析而言，此题是几个小问题的糅合：进制转换，字符串与数字转换。字符串处理。

数据结构方面，因为题目中给定了输入数据范围在100以内，故偷懒直接使用了100的定长数组。3个维度分别用于表示两个13进制位和输出语言标志位。

算法方面，使用stl的查找算法。

本题的特殊测试点在于，mars上的0是一个特殊的存在，整13倍数的数(13,26,39...)在表达时是不能出现0的。双向翻译时都需要注意这一点。

代码如下：

#include<cstdio>
#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<list>
#include<map>
#include<string>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;

int output[100][3];
string ten[13]={"",	"tam", "hel", "maa", "huh", "tou", "kes", "hei", "elo", "syy", "lok", "mer", "jou"};
string one[13]={"tret", "jan", "feb", "mar", "apr", "may", "jun", "jly", "aug", "sep", "oct", "nov", "dec"};

#define debug

int getValue(string input)
{
vector<string> tens(ten, ten+13), ones(one, one+13);
vector<string>::iterator iter = std::find(tens.begin(), tens.end(), input);
if(iter == tens.end()){
iter = std::find(ones.begin(), ones.end(), input);
return (iter - ones.begin());
}
else{
return 13*(iter - tens.begin());
}
}

int main(void)
{
#ifdef debug
freopen("input.txt", "r", stdin);
#endif

int count;
string temp;

cin>>count;
getchar();

for(int i=0;i<count;i++)
{
std::getline(cin, temp);
if(temp[0]>'9' || temp[0]<'0'){
//char
string::size_type pos = temp.find(' ');
if(string::npos == pos){
//only 1 char
int temp_value =  getValue(temp);
if(temp_value > 12){
output[i][0] = temp_value / 13;
output[i][1] = 0;
}
else{
output[i][0] = 0;
output[i][1] = temp_value;
}
}
else{
//2 char
string t1(temp.begin(), temp.begin()+pos), t2(temp.begin()+pos+1, temp.end());
output[i][0] = getValue(t1)/13;
output[i][1] = getValue(t2);
}
output[i][2] = 0;	//output in ineger
}
else{
int temp_value = std::atoi(temp.c_str());
//integer
output[i][0] = temp_value / 13;
output[i][1] = temp_value % 13;
output[i][2] = 1;	//output in chars.
}
}

//output
for(int i=0;i<count;i++){
if(output[i][2] == 0){
//output as integer
cout<<output[i][0]*13 + output[i][1]<<endl;
}
else{
//output as chars.
if(output[i][0] != 0 && output[i][1]==0){		/////////当整13的倍数时，0不予显示。
cout<<ten[output[i][0]]<<endl;
}
else if(output[i][0] != 0 && output[i][1]!=0){
cout<<ten[output[i][0]]<<' '<<one[output[i][1]]<<endl;
}
else{
cout<<one[output[i][1]]<<endl;
}
}
}

return 0;
}