我的openwrt学习笔记（二十九）webserver之 thttpd
2015-09-11 21:48
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我的openwrt学习笔记（二十八）webserver之thttpd
thttpd WEBSERVER安装
thttpd WEBSERVER安装
| thttpd - tiny/turbo/throttling HTTP server thttpd中是一个简单,小型,轻便,快速和安全的http服务器： 简单：它能够支持HTTP/1.1协议标准，或者超过了最低水平 小巧：它具有非常少的运行时间，因为它不fork子进程来接受新请求，并且非常谨慎的分配内存（性能对比表：http://www.acme.com/software/thttpd/benchmarks.html） 便携：它能够在大部分的类Unix系统上运行，包括FreeBSD, SunOS 4, Solaris 2, BSD/OS, Linux, OSF等等 快速：它的速度要超过主流的Web服务器（Apache, NCSA, Netscape），在高负载情况下，它要快的多 安全：它努力的保护主机不受到攻击，不中断服务器 thttpd 类似于lighttpd，对于并发请求不使用fork()来派生子进程处理，而是采用多路复用(Multiplex)技术来实现。因此效能很好。同时它还有一个特点就是基于URL的文件流量限制，这对于下载的流量控制而言是非常方便的。象Apache就必须使用插件实现，效率较thttpd低。 thttpd跟lighttpd类似，适合静态资源类的服务，比如图片、资源文件、静态HTML等等的应用，性能应该比较好，同时也适合简单的CGI应用的场合。 官方地址：http://www.acme.com/software/thttpd 下载地址：http://www.acme.com/software/thttpd/thttpd-2.25b.tar.gz |
| 一.安装 # wget http://www.acme.com/software/thttpd/thttpd-2.25b.tar.gz # tar zxvf thttpd-2.25b.tar.gz # cd thttpd-2.25b linux@ubuntu:~/linux_c/thttpd/thttpd-2.25b$ ./configure --version configure generated by autoconf version 2.13 linux@ubuntu:~/linux_c/thttpd/thttpd-2.25b$ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/thttpd linux@ubuntu:~/linux_c/thttpd/thttpd-2.25b$ make …. htpasswd.c:52:12: error: conflicting types for ‘getline’ /usr/include/stdio.h:675:20: note: previous declaration of ‘getline’ was here htpasswd.c: In function ‘main’: htpasswd.c:216:11: warning: ignoring return value of ‘system’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result] htpasswd.c: In function ‘add_password’: htpasswd.c:117:2: warning: ignoring return value of ‘fgets’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result] make[1]: *** [htpasswd.o] Error 1 make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/linux/linux_c/thttpd/thttpd-2.25b/extras' make: *** [subdirs] Error 2 修改方法： htpasswd.c中的名称与stdio.h标准库中的getline的名称一样，所以导致了冲突。 修改的方法是到htpasswd.c中，修改getline。htpasswd.c中getline是一个static类型的函数，函数只会出现在本文件中。依次查找getline，并修改成get_line。 htpasswd.c 第52行定义 static int getline(char *s, int n, FILE *f) { htpasswd.c 第192行调用 while(!(getline(line,MAX_STRING_LEN,f))) { 重新make linux@ubuntu:~/linux_c/thttpd/thttpd-2.25b$ make … E_ATOLL=1 -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=1 -DHAVE_GETPAGESIZE=1 -DHAVE_MMAP=1 -DHAVE_SELECT=1 -DHAVE_POLL=1 -DHAVE_TM_GMTOFF=1 -DHAVE_INT64T=1 -DHAVE_SOCKLENT=1 -I..-DWEBDIR=\"/usr/local/thttpd/www\" -c htpasswd.c htpasswd.c: In function ‘main’: htpasswd.c:216:11: warning: ignoring return value of ‘system’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result] htpasswd.c: In function ‘add_password’: htpasswd.c:117:2: warning: ignoring return value of ‘fgets’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result] gcc -static htpasswd.o -o htpasswd -lcrypt make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/linux/linux_c/thttpd/thttpd-2.25b/extras' linux@ubuntu:~/linux_c/thttpd/thttpd-2.25b$ file thttpd thttpd: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.24, BuildID[sha1]=0x4be9c679d8707115a3c4c9bba60dea3b7bffac2b, not stripped linux@ubuntu:~/linux_c/thttpd/thttpd-2.25b$ make install mkdir -p /usr/local/thttpd/sbin mkdir: cannot create directory `/usr/local/thttpd': Permission denied make: [installthis] Error 1 (ignored) /usr/bin/install -c -m 555 -o bin -g bin thttpd /usr/local/thttpd/sbin /usr/bin/install: cannot create regular file `/usr/local/thttpd/sbin': No such file or directory make: *** [installthis] Error 1 linux@ubuntu:~/linux_c/thttpd/thttpd-2.25b$ sudo make install [sudo] password for linux: mkdir -p /usr/local/thttpd/sbin /usr/bin/install -c -m 555 -o bin -g bin thttpd /usr/local/thttpd/sbin mkdir -p /usr/local/thttpd/man/man8 /usr/bin/install -c -m 444 -o bin -g bin thttpd.8 /usr/local/thttpd/man/man8 for i in cgi-src extras ; do ( \ cd $i ; \ pwd ; \ make \ WEBDIR=/usr/local/thttpd/www \ CGIBINDIR=/usr/local/thttpd/www/cgi-bin \ MANDIR=/usr/local/thttpd/man \ WEBGROUP=www \ install \ ) ; done /home/linux/linux_c/thttpd/thttpd-2.25b/cgi-src make[1]: Entering directory `/home/linux/linux_c/thttpd/thttpd-2.25b/cgi-src' mkdir -p /usr/local/thttpd/www/cgi-bin rm -f /usr/local/thttpd/www/cgi-bin/redirect cp redirect /usr/local/thttpd/www/cgi-bin/redirect rm -f /usr/local/thttpd/man/man8/redirect.8 cp redirect.8 /usr/local/thttpd/man/man8/redirect.8 rm -f /usr/local/thttpd/www/cgi-bin/ssi cp ssi /usr/local/thttpd/www/cgi-bin/ssi rm -f /usr/local/thttpd/man/man8/ssi.8 cp ssi.8 /usr/local/thttpd/man/man8/ssi.8 rm -f /usr/local/thttpd/www/cgi-bin/phf cp phf /usr/local/thttpd/www/cgi-bin/phf make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/linux/linux_c/thttpd/thttpd-2.25b/cgi-src' /home/linux/linux_c/thttpd/thttpd-2.25b/extras make[1]: Entering directory `/home/linux/linux_c/thttpd/thttpd-2.25b/extras' rm -f /usr/local/thttpd/sbin/makeweb /usr/local/thttpd/sbin/htpasswd /usr/local/thttpd/sbin/syslogtocern cp makeweb /usr/local/thttpd/sbin/makeweb chgrp www /usr/local/thttpd/sbin/makeweb chgrp: invalid group: `www' make[1]: *** [install] Error 1 make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/linux/linux_c/thttpd/thttpd-2.25b/extras' make: *** [installsubdirs] Error 2 增加组 linux@ubuntu:~/linux_c/thttpd/thttpd-2.25b$ cat /etc/group root:x:0: daemon:x:1: bin:x:2: sys:x:3: adm:x:4:linux tty:x:5: disk:x:6: lp:x:7: mail:x:8: news:x:9: uucp:x:10: man:x:12: proxy:x:13: kmem:x:15: dialout:x:20: fax:x:21: voice:x:22: cdrom:x:24:linux floppy:x:25: tape:x:26: sudo:x:27:linux audio:x:29:pulse dip:x:30:linux www-data:x:33: backup:x:34: operator:x:37: list:x:38: irc:x:39: src:x:40: gnats:x:41: shadow:x:42: utmp:x:43: video:x:44: sasl:x:45: plugdev:x:46:linux staff:x:50: games:x:60: users:x:100: nogroup:x:65534: libuuid:x:101: crontab:x:102: syslog:x:103: fuse:x:104: messagebus:x:105: bluetooth:x:106: scanner:x:107: colord:x:108: lpadmin:x:109:linux ssl-cert:x:110: lightdm:x:111: nopasswdlogin:x:112: netdev:x:113: whoopsie:x:114: mlocate:x:115: ssh:x:116: avahi-autoipd:x:117: avahi:x:118: pulse:x:119: pulse-access:x:120: utempter:x:121: rtkit:x:122: saned:x:123: linux:x:1000: sambashare:x:124:linux linux@ubuntu:~/linux_c/thttpd/thttpd-2.25b$ addgroup www addgroup: Only root may add a user or group to the system. linux@ubuntu:~/linux_c/thttpd/thttpd-2.25b$ which addgroup /usr/sbin/addgroup linux@ubuntu:~/linux_c/thttpd/thttpd-2.25b$ sudo addgroup www Adding group `www' (GID 1001) ... Done. linux@ubuntu:~/linux_c/thttpd/thttpd-2.25b$ cat /etc/group root:x:0: daemon:x:1: bin:x:2: sys:x:3: adm:x:4:linux tty:x:5: disk:x:6: lp:x:7: mail:x:8: news:x:9: uucp:x:10: man:x:12: proxy:x:13: kmem:x:15: dialout:x:20: fax:x:21: voice:x:22: cdrom:x:24:linux floppy:x:25: tape:x:26: sudo:x:27:linux audio:x:29:pulse dip:x:30:linux www-data:x:33: backup:x:34: operator:x:37: list:x:38: irc:x:39: src:x:40: gnats:x:41: shadow:x:42: utmp:x:43: video:x:44: sasl:x:45: plugdev:x:46:linux staff:x:50: games:x:60: users:x:100: nogroup:x:65534: libuuid:x:101: crontab:x:102: syslog:x:103: fuse:x:104: messagebus:x:105: bluetooth:x:106: scanner:x:107: colord:x:108: lpadmin:x:109:linux ssl-cert:x:110: lightdm:x:111: nopasswdlogin:x:112: netdev:x:113: whoopsie:x:114: mlocate:x:115: ssh:x:116: avahi-autoipd:x:117: avahi:x:118: pulse:x:119: pulse-access:x:120: utempter:x:121: rtkit:x:122: saned:x:123: linux:x:1000: sambashare:x:124:linux www:x:1001: linux@ubuntu:~/linux_c/thttpd/thttpd-2.25b$ cd /usr/local/thttpd/man/ linux@ubuntu:/usr/local/thttpd/man$ linux@ubuntu:/usr/local/thttpd/man$ ls -l total 4 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Sep 10 17:31 man8 linux@ubuntu:/usr/local/thttpd/man$ sudo mkdir -p man1 linux@ubuntu:/usr/local/thttpd/man$ ls -l total 8 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Sep 10 17:32 man1 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Sep 10 17:31 man8 linux@ubuntu:/usr/local/thttpd/man$ cd - /home/linux/linux_c/thttpd/thttpd-2.25b linux@ubuntu:~/linux_c/thttpd/thttpd-2.25b$ sudo make install mkdir -p /usr/local/thttpd/sbin /usr/bin/install -c -m 555 -o bin -g bin thttpd /usr/local/thttpd/sbin mkdir -p /usr/local/thttpd/man/man8 /usr/bin/install -c -m 444 -o bin -g bin thttpd.8 /usr/local/thttpd/man/man8 for i in cgi-src extras ; do ( \ cd $i ; \ pwd ; \ make \ WEBDIR=/usr/local/thttpd/www \ CGIBINDIR=/usr/local/thttpd/www/cgi-bin \ MANDIR=/usr/local/thttpd/man \ WEBGROUP=www \ install \ ) ; done /home/linux/linux_c/thttpd/thttpd-2.25b/cgi-src make[1]: Entering directory `/home/linux/linux_c/thttpd/thttpd-2.25b/cgi-src' mkdir -p /usr/local/thttpd/www/cgi-bin rm -f /usr/local/thttpd/www/cgi-bin/redirect cp redirect /usr/local/thttpd/www/cgi-bin/redirect rm -f /usr/local/thttpd/man/man8/redirect.8 cp redirect.8 /usr/local/thttpd/man/man8/redirect.8 rm -f /usr/local/thttpd/www/cgi-bin/ssi cp ssi /usr/local/thttpd/www/cgi-bin/ssi rm -f /usr/local/thttpd/man/man8/ssi.8 cp ssi.8 /usr/local/thttpd/man/man8/ssi.8 rm -f /usr/local/thttpd/www/cgi-bin/phf cp phf /usr/local/thttpd/www/cgi-bin/phf make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/linux/linux_c/thttpd/thttpd-2.25b/cgi-src' /home/linux/linux_c/thttpd/thttpd-2.25b/extras make[1]: Entering directory `/home/linux/linux_c/thttpd/thttpd-2.25b/extras' rm -f /usr/local/thttpd/sbin/makeweb /usr/local/thttpd/sbin/htpasswd /usr/local/thttpd/sbin/syslogtocern cp makeweb /usr/local/thttpd/sbin/makeweb chgrp www /usr/local/thttpd/sbin/makeweb chmod 2755 /usr/local/thttpd/sbin/makeweb cp htpasswd /usr/local/thttpd/sbin/htpasswd cp syslogtocern /usr/local/thttpd/sbin/syslogtocern rm -f /usr/local/thttpd/man/man1/makeweb.1 cp makeweb.1 /usr/local/thttpd/man/man1/makeweb.1 rm -f /usr/local/thttpd/man/man1/htpasswd.1 cp htpasswd.1 /usr/local/thttpd/man/man1/htpasswd.1 rm -f /usr/local/thttpd/man/man8/syslogtocern.8 cp syslogtocern.8 /usr/local/thttpd/man/man8/syslogtocern.8 make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/linux/linux_c/thttpd/thttpd-2.25b/extras'  OK 终于没有报错了 拷贝thttpd配置文件 contrib/redhat-rpm/thttpd.conf/ 启动thttpd/usr/local/thttpd/sbin/thttpd -C /usr/local/thttpd/conf/thttpd.conf thttpd服务后出现/usr/sbin/thttpd: unknown user - 'httpd'错误提示 linux@ubuntu:/usr/local/thttpd$ ls -l total 16 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Sep 10 17:58 conf drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Sep 10 17:32 man drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Sep 10 17:33 sbin drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Sep 10 17:26 www linux@ubuntu:/usr/local/thttpd$ pwd /usr/local/thttpd linux@ubuntu:/usr/local/thttpd$ cd conf/ linux@ubuntu:/usr/local/thttpd/conf$ pwd /usr/local/thttpd/conf linux@ubuntu:/usr/local/thttpd/conf$ ls -l total 4 -r--r--r-- 1 root root 305 Sep 10 17:59 thttpd.conf linux@ubuntu:/usr/local/thttpd/conf$ cd ../ linux@ubuntu:/usr/local/thttpd$ chown -R linux:linux conf/ chown: changing ownership of `conf/thttpd.conf': Operation not permitted chown: changing ownership of `conf/': Operation not permitted linux@ubuntu:/usr/local/thttpd$ sudo chown -R linux:linux conf/ linux@ubuntu:/usr/local/thttpd$ ls -l total 16 drwxr-xr-x 2 linux linux 4096 Sep 10 17:59 conf drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Sep 10 17:32 man drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Sep 10 17:33 sbin drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Sep 10 17:26 www linux@ubuntu:/usr/local/thttpd$ cd conf/ linux@ubuntu:/usr/local/thttpd/conf$ ls thttpd.conf linux@ubuntu:/usr/local/thttpd/conf$ ls -l total 4 -r--r--r-- 1 linux linux 305 Sep 10 17:59 thttpd.conf linux@ubuntu:/usr/local/thttpd/conf$ chmod 777 thttpd.conf linux@ubuntu:/usr/local/thttpd/conf$ ls -l total 4 -rwxrwxrwx 1 linux linux 305 Sep 10 17:59 thttpd.conf linux@ubuntu:/usr/local/thttpd/conf$ vi thttpd.conf linux@ubuntu:~/linux_c/thttpd$ cat /usr/local/thttpd/conf/thttpd.conf # This section overrides defaults dir=/home/httpd/html chroot user=httpd# default = nobody logfile=/var/log/thttpd.log pidfile=/var/run/thttpd.pid # This section _documents_ defaults in effect # port=80 port=81 # nosymlink# default = !chroot # novhost # nocgipat # nothrottles # host=0.0.0.0 # charset=iso-8859-1 linux@ubuntu:~/linux_c/thttpd$ cat in.sh #!/bin/sh echo "start thhtp conf" mkdir -p /var/log mkdir -p /var/run sudo touch /var/log/thttpd.log sudo touch /var/run/thttpd.pid linux@ubuntu:~/linux_c/thttpd$ chmod +x in.sh linux@ubuntu:~/linux_c/thttpd$ ./in.sh start thhtp conf linux@ubuntu:~/linux_c/thttpd$ /usr/local/thttpd/sbin/thttpd -C /usr/local/thttpd/conf/thttpd.conf /var/log/thttpd.log: Permission denied linux@ubuntu:~/linux_c/thttpd$ sudo /usr/local/thttpd/sbin/thttpd -C /usr/local/thttpd/conf/thttpd.conf linux@ubuntu:~/linux_c/thttpd$ ps -aux|grep thttpd Warning: bad ps syntax, perhaps a bogus '-'? See http://procps.sf.net/faq.html httpd 3191 0.0 0.1 3020 1084 ? Ss 18:10 0:00 /usr/local/thttpd/sbin/thttpd -C /usr/local/thttpd/conf/thttpd.conf linux 3194 0.0 0.0 4368 828 pts/1 S+ 18:10 0:00 grep --color=auto thttpd 用thttpd做Web Server linux@ubuntu:/home/httpd/html$ tree . ├── cgi-bin │ ├── hello.c │ ├── hello.cgi │ ├── mul.html │ ├── mult.c │ └── mult.cgi ├── index.html ├── index.lighttpd.html ├── mul.html └── test.html 1 directory, 9 files linux@ubuntu:/home/httpd/html$ cat hello.html <html> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title> 主标题 | 副标题</title> </head> <body> <p>hello world</p> </body> </html> 浏览器输入，就可以看到网页界面了。 http://localhost:81/index.html http://192.168.11.126:81/hello.html |
OK 终于没有报错了 含CGI HTML测试 修改thttpd.conf linux@ubuntu:~/linux_c/thttpd$ cat /usr/local/thttpd/conf/thttpd.conf # This section overrides defaults dir=/home/httpd/html #chroot #chroot #屏蔽chroot是为了运行动态编译的CGI user=httpd# default = nobody logfile=/var/log/thttpd.log pidfile=/var/run/thttpd.pid # This section _documents_ defaults in effect # port=80 port=81 # nosymlink# default = !chroot # novhost # nocgipati #cgipat=**.cgi|**.pl cgipat=/cgi-bin/**.cgi # nothrottles # host=0.0.0.0 # charset=iso-8859-1 到了这里，当我输入目标板ip时，问题出现了： 403 Forbidden The requested URL '/mul.html' resolves to a file which is marked executable but is not a CGI file; retrieving it is forbidden. thttpd/2.25b 29dec2003  |
| 原因：由于linux文件系统的权限问题，非cgi的文件请使用chmod -x去掉其可执行权限，否则web服务器会认为它是cgi ( 比如index.html这样的文件 ) thttpd web对目录和文件的访问权限要求非常严格，在测试的时候，已经心有体会。 在目标板的/var目录下添加两个文件： [plain] view plaincopyprint? 1. $ mkdir -p /var/log 2. $ mkdir -p /var/run 3. $ sudo touch /var/log/thttpd.log 4. $ sudo touch /var/run/thttpd.pid 再次重启目标板，待进入shell界面，从主机的浏览器中输入： [plain] view plaincopyprint? 1. 目标板IP:port/html文件名 在本人所用的调试环境下，浏览器地址栏输入： [plain] view plaincopyprint? 1. 192.168.37.244:81/a.html |
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