使用CppUnit进行单元测试

　　1、CppUnit：C++单元测试库。它是知名单元测试框架JUnit的C++版本。

　　2、下载和安装：从http://sourceforge.net/projects/cppunit/files/cppunit获取cppunit-1.12.1.tar.gz -> 解压得到cppunit-1.12.1目录 -> 以root依次执行./configure、make和make install（安装步骤可参考INSTALL文件）。

　　32位Ubuntu系统下，安装后的头文件在/usr/local/include/cppunit，而库文件则在/usr/local/lib。

　　3、示例：

// 被测试代码：money.h
#ifndef _MONEY_H
#define _MONEY_H

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

class CMoney
{
public:
CMoney(double amount, const string ¤cy) : m_amount(amount), m_currency(currency) {}

double GetAmount() const { return m_amount; }
string GetCurrency() const { return m_currency; }

bool operator==(const CMoney &other) const
{
return ((m_amount == other.m_amount) && (m_currency == other.m_currency));
}

bool operator!=(const CMoney &other) const
{
return !(*this == other);
}

CMoney &operator+=(const CMoney &other)
{
if (m_currency != other.m_currency)
cout <<  "Incompatible moneys" << endl;

m_amount += other.m_amount;

return *this;
}

private:
double m_amount;
string m_currency;    // 货币（币种）
};

#endif

// 单元测试代码：money_test.cpp
#include <string>
#include <cppunit/extensions/TestFactoryRegistry.h>
#include <cppunit/extensions/HelperMacros.h>
#include <cppunit/ui/text/TestRunner.h>
#include "money.h"
using namespace std;

class CMoneyTest : public CppUnit::TestFixture
{
// 开始一个test suite的声明。参数为测试用例类的类型，该类必须继承自TestFixture
CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE(CMoneyTest);
// 将方法/函数加入到该test suite。参数为测试用例的方法/函数名，其签名必须为void testMethod();
CPPUNIT_TEST(testConstructor);
CPPUNIT_TEST(testOptorEqual);
CPPUNIT_TEST(testOptorNotEqual);
CPPUNIT_TEST(testOptorAdd);
// 结束一个test suite的声明
CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE_END();

public:
/* 初始化。在每个测试用例前都会执行 */
void setUp() {}
/* 清除动作。在每个测试用例后都会执行 */
void tearDown() {}

/* 以下为四个测试用例，分别用于测试CMoney类的四个成员函数 */
void testConstructor()
{
double dNum = 22124.44;
string sCurrency = "DD";
CMoney MyMoney(dNum, sCurrency);

// CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL_MESSAGE：若assert失败，则打印期望值、实际值以及额外信息
CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(dNum, MyMoney.GetAmount());
CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(sCurrency, MyMoney.GetCurrency());
}

/* test operator==() */
void testOptorEqual()
{
const CMoney money123FF(123, "FF");
const CMoney money123USD(123, "USD");
const CMoney money12FF(12, "FF");
const CMoney money12USD(12, "USD");

// check
CPPUNIT_ASSERT(money123FF == money123FF);
CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!(money12FF == money123FF));
CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!(money123USD == money123FF));
CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!(money12USD == money123FF));
}

/* test operator!=() */
void testOptorNotEqual()
{
const CMoney money123FF(123, "FF");
const CMoney money123USD(123, "USD");
const CMoney money12FF(12, "FF");
const CMoney money12USD(12, "USD");

// check
CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!(money123FF != money123FF));
CPPUNIT_ASSERT(money12FF != money123FF);
CPPUNIT_ASSERT(money123USD != money123FF);
CPPUNIT_ASSERT(money12USD != money123FF);
}

/* test operator+=() */
void testOptorAdd()
{
const CMoney money12FF(12, "FF");
CMoney money(123, "FF");
money += money12FF;

// check。比较运行结果与预期结果是否一致
const CMoney expectedMoney(135, "FF");
CPPUNIT_ASSERT(expectedMoney == money);
}
};

// 将test suite注册到名为"alltest"的全局registry suite中，后续可通过getRegistry("alltest")获取到它
CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE_NAMED_REGISTRATION(CMoneyTest, "alltest");

int main()
{
CPPUNIT_NS::TextUi::TestRunner runner;

CPPUNIT_NS::Test *suite = CPPUNIT_NS::TestFactoryRegistry::getRegistry("alltest").makeTest();
runner.addTest(suite);

/* 运行测试 */
runner.run();
}

　　4、编译与运行：

$ g++ -o test money_test.cpp -lcppunit -ldl
$ ./test
....

OK (4 tests)

　　参考资料：

　　http://blog.csdn.net/abcdef0966/article/details/5699248

不断学习中。。。