C++控制台应用程序之贪吃蛇（改进版）

#include<iostream>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<time.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<windows.h>
using namespace std;

typedef struct{ int x, y; }Point;

char map[22][22];                        //定义一个22*22的地图（含边界）
Point snake[400], food, Next;            //定义蛇、食物、下一步蛇头的位置
int head, tail;                            //用于储存蛇头和蛇尾的下标
int grade, length, autotime;            //游戏等级、蛇长、自动前进所需时间
char direction;                            //前进方向

//定位光标
void gotoxy(int x, int y)
{
HANDLE hConsoleOutput;
COORD dwCursorPosition;
dwCursorPosition.X = x;
dwCursorPosition.Y = y;
hConsoleOutput = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
SetConsoleCursorPosition(hConsoleOutput, dwCursorPosition);
}

//用inline定义内联函数节省程序运行时的调用开销
//刷新地图
inline void Update(char map[][22], int grade, int length, int autotime)
{
//system("cls");                        //清屏
gotoxy(0, 0);
int i, j;
printf("\n");
for (i = 0; i < 22; i++)
{
printf("\t");
for (j = 0; j < 22; j++)
printf("%c ", map[i][j]);
if (i == 0)
printf("\t等级为：%d", grade);
if (i == 2)
printf("\t长度为：%d", length);
if (i == 6)
printf("\t自动前进时间");
if (i == 8)
printf("\t间隔为：%d ms", autotime);
printf("\n");
}
}

//欢迎界面
inline void hello()
{
puts("\n\n\n\t\t\t贪吃蛇游戏即将开始！");                        //准备开始
double start;
for (int i = 3; i >= 0; i--)
{
start = (double)clock() / CLOCKS_PER_SEC;                //得到程序目前为止运行的时间
while ((double)clock() / CLOCKS_PER_SEC - start <= 1);    //经过1秒之后
if (i > 0)
{
system("cls");                                        //清屏
printf("\n\n\n\t\t\t进入倒计时：%d\n", i);                //倒计时
}
else
Update(map, grade, length, autotime);                //刷新地图
}
}

//随机生成食物位置
inline void f()
{
srand(int(time(0)));                                        //调用种子函数
do{
food.x = rand() % 20 + 1;
food.y = rand() % 20 + 1;
} while (map[food.x][food.y] != ' ');
map[food.x][food.y] = '!';                                    //食物为“!”
}

//初始化
inline void init()
{
int i, j;
for (i = 1; i <= 20; i++)
for (j = 1; j <= 20; j++)
map[i][j] = ' ';
for (i = 0; i <= 21; i++)
map[0][i] = map[21][i] = map[i][0] = map[i][21] = '*';    //边界
map[1][1] = map[1][2] = 'O';                                //蛇身（含蛇尾）
map[1][3] = '@';                                            //蛇头
head = 2; tail = 0;                                            //开始时头和尾的下标
snake[head].x = 1; snake[head].y = 3;                        //开始时蛇头在地图上的下标
snake[tail].x = 1; snake[tail].y = 1;                        //开始时蛇尾在地图上的下标
snake[1].x = 1; snake[1].y = 2;                                //开始时蛇身在地图上的下标
f();                                                        //随机生成食物位置
grade = 1; length = 3; autotime = 500;                        //开始的等级、长度、自动前进时间
direction = 77;                                                //初始的运动方向向右
}

//预前进
inline int GO()
{
bool timeover = true;
double start = (double)clock() / CLOCKS_PER_SEC;            //得到程序目前为止运行的时间

L:
//自动经过1秒或者等待1秒内的键盘输入
while ((timeover = ((double)clock() / CLOCKS_PER_SEC - start <= autotime / 1000.0)) && !_kbhit());
//键盘输入
if (timeover)
{
//_getch();
char d = _getch();                                    //获取方向
if (d != 72 && d != 80 && d != 75 && d != 77 || direction == 72 && d == 80 || direction == 80 && d == 72 || direction == 75 && d == 77 || direction == 77 && d == 75)
goto L;
else
direction = d;
}
switch (direction)
{
case 72:
Next.x = snake[head].x - 1; Next.y = snake[head].y;        //向上
break;
case 80:
Next.x = snake[head].x + 1; Next.y = snake[head].y;        //向下
break;
case 75:
Next.x = snake[head].x; Next.y = snake[head].y - 1;        //向左
break;
case 77:
Next.x = snake[head].x; Next.y = snake[head].y + 1;        //向右
break;
default:
puts("\tGame over!");                                    //按下非方向键游戏失败
return 0;
}
if (Next.x == 0 || Next.x == 21 || Next.y == 0 || Next.y == 21)            //撞到边界
{
puts("\tGame over!");
return 0;
}
if (map[Next.x][Next.y] != ' '&&!(Next.x == food.x&&Next.y == food.y))    //吃到自己
{
puts("\tGame over!");
return 0;
}
if (length == 400)                                                        //最长蛇长
{
puts("\tGood game!");
return 0;
}
return 1;
}

//吃到食物
inline void EAT()
{
length++;                                        //长度增加1
int _grade = length / 10 + 1;                    //计算等级
if (_grade != grade)
{
grade = _grade;
if (autotime >= 100)
autotime = 550 - grade * 50;            //增加一级自动时间减短50毫秒
}
map[Next.x][Next.y] = '@';                        //蛇头位置变化
map[snake[head].x][snake[head].y] = 'O';        //原蛇头位置变化为蛇身
head = (head + 1) % 400;                        //蛇头下标加1
snake[head].x = Next.x; snake[head].y = Next.y;    //蛇头下标变化
f();                                            //随机生成食物位置
Update(map, grade, length, autotime);            //刷新地图
}

//没吃到食物
inline void FAILURE()
{
map[snake[tail].x][snake[tail].y] = ' ';        //蛇尾原来的位置变成“ ”
tail = (tail + 1) % 400;                        //蛇尾下标加1
map[Next.x][Next.y] = '@';                        //蛇头位置变化
map[snake[head].x][snake[head].y] = 'O';        //原蛇头位置变化为蛇身
head = (head + 1) % 400;                        //蛇头下标加1
snake[head].x = Next.x;                            //蛇头下标变化
snake[head].y = Next.y;
Update(map, grade, length, autotime);            //刷新地图
}

//main函数
int main()
{
system("color F0");
init();                    //初始化
hello();                //欢迎界面
while (1)
{
if (GO())            //预前进
{
if (Next.x == food.x&&Next.y == food.y)
EAT();        //吃到食物
else
FAILURE();    //没吃到食物
}
else
return 0;        //失败或者胜利，游戏结束
}
return 0;
}
//