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Solaris 10 x86系统上添加新硬盘

2015-08-28 09:12 302 查看

Solaris10上添加一块新硬盘并创建文件系统
2009-03-30 11:50

添加新硬件后有以下几种办法让系统识别新硬件
touch /reconfigure ; sync 重启电脑

在系统的启动过程当中根据系统提示按ＥＳＣ进入交互启动模式，添加硬件

不重启而让系统识别顺序输入如下命令

modunload -i 0
drvconfig
devlinks
disks
接下来为硬盘分区

hZ.b8R?7590422
# format 说明：-e 选项可以打开expert级菜单，比如可以进行写缓存的设置
Searching for disks...done
AVAILABLE DISK SELECTIONS:
0. c0d0 < DEFAULT cyl 17728 alt 2 hd 15 sec 63>
/pci@0,0/pci-ide@7,1/ide@0/cmdk@0,0
1. c0d1 < DEFAULT cyl 2077 alt 2 hd 16 sec 63>
/pci@0,0/pci-ide@7,1/ide@0/cmdk@1,0
2. c1d1 < DEFAULT cyl 1038 alt 2 hd 16 sec 63>
/pci@0,0/pci-ide@7,1/ide@1/cmdk@1,0
Specify disk (enter its number): 2
selecting c1d1
Controller working list found
[disk formatted, defect list found]
FORMAT MENU:
disk - select a disk
type - select (define) a disk type
partition - select (define) a partition table
current - describe the current disk
format - format and analyze the disk
fdisk - run the fdisk program
repair - repair a defective sector
show - translate a disk address
label - write label to the disk
analyze - surface analysis
defect - defect list management
backup - search for backup labels
verify - read and display labels
save - save new disk/partition definitions
volname - set 8-character volume name
!< cmd> - execute < cmd> , then return
quit
format> fdisk
No fdisk table exists. The default partition for the disk is:

a 100% " SOLARIS System" partition

Type " y" to accept the default partition, otherwise type " n" to edit the
partition table.
y
format> partition
PARTITION MENU:
0 - change `0' partition
1 - change `1' partition
2 - change `2' partition
3 - change `3' partition
4 - change `4' partition
5 - change `5' partition
6 - change `6' partition
7 - change `7' partition
select - select a predefined table
modify - modify a predefined partition table
name - name the current table
print - display the current table
label - write partition map and label to the disk
!< cmd> - execute < cmd> , then return
quit
partition> print
Current partition table (original):
Total disk cylinders available: 1037 + 2 (reserved cylinders)

Part Tag Flag Cylinders Size Blocks
0 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
1 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
2 backup wu 0 - 1037 510.89MB (1038/0/0) 1046304
3 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
4 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
5 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
6 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
7 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
8 boot wu 0 - 0 0.49MB (1/0/0) 1008
9 alternates wm 1 - 2 0.98MB (2/0/0) 2016

partition> 0 选择0分区
Part Tag Flag Cylinders Size Blocks
0 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0

Enter partition id tag[unassigned]: ?
Expecting one of the following: (abbreviations ok):
unassigned boot root swap
usr backup stand var
home alternates reserved

Enter partition id tag[unassigned]: unassigned
Enter partition permission flags[wm]: wm
Enter new starting cyl[0]: 0 分区的起始柱面，1分区（c1d1s1）的起始柱面要大于等于0分区(c1d1s0)的结束柱面+1,虽然小于0分区的结束柱面也能建立分区，但是两个分区无法同时使用，并且newfs 1分区会使0分区的数据丢失
Enter partition size[0b, 0c, 0e, 0.00mb, 0.00gb]: 0.1gb
partition> label 将信息写入磁盘
Ready to label disk, continue? yes

partition> print
Current partition table (unnamed):
Total disk cylinders available: 1037 + 2 (reserved cylinders)

Part Tag Flag Cylinders Size Blocks
0 unassigned wm 0 - 208 102.87MB (209/0/0) 210672
1 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
2 backup wu 0 - 1037 510.89MB (1038/0/0) 1046304
3 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
4 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
5 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
6 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
7 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
8 boot wu 0 - 0 0.49MB (1/0/0) 1008
9 alternates wm 1 - 2 0.98MB (2/0/0) 2016

partition> q

FORMAT MENU:
disk - select a disk
type - select (define) a disk type
partition - select (define) a partition table
current - describe the current disk
format - format and analyze the disk
fdisk - run the fdisk program
repair - repair a defective sector
show - translate a disk address
label - write label to the disk
analyze - surface analysis
defect - defect list management
backup - search for backup labels
verify - read and display labels
save - save new disk/partition definitions
volname - set 8-character volume name
!< cmd> - execute < cmd> , then return
quit
format>
format> q
# newfs /dev/dsk/c1d1s0 建立文件系统可以使用newfs -N /dev/dsk/c1d1s0先预览下
newfs: 建构新的文件系统 /dev/rdsk/c1d1s0: (y/n)？ y
警告：inode 块 /柱面组 (115) > = 最后一个柱面组中的数据块 (63) 。
此表明 1008 扇区不能分配。
/dev/rdsk/c1d1s0: 在 208 磁道上，16 扇区的 63 柱面的 209664 扇区
102.4MB 在 13 柱面群组 (16 c/g, 7.88MB/g, 3776 i/g)
超块 (fsck -F ufs -o b=#) 备份在：
32, 16224, 32416, 48608, 64800, 80992, 97184, 113376, 129568, 145760,
161952, 178144, 194336,

# mkdir /testfs
# mount /dev/dsk/c1d1s0 /testfs
# df -h | grep /testfs
/dev/dsk/c1d1s0 96M 1.0M 86M 2% /testfs

另外我们编辑/etc/vfstab文件，使系统每次启动自动挂载文件系统
当文件系统顺坏的时候可以使用fsck进行修复，注意fsck只能修复例如超级块顺坏，inode同时存在于空闲和使用链表中这类结构性的数据损坏。

#fuser -u /testfs 查看那些用户在使用文件系统
/testfs: 752c(root) c代表root的当前目录在/testfs文件上
#fuser -uk /testfs 可以kill掉访问/testfs的进程
/testfs: 752c(root)
#umount /testfs

# newfs -N /dev/dsk/c1d1s0 查看超级块的备份块
警告：inode 块 /柱面组 (115) > = 最后一个柱面组中的数据块 (63) 。
此表明 1008 扇区不能分配。
/dev/rdsk/c1d1s0: 在 208 磁道上，16 扇区的 63 柱面的 209664 扇区
102.4MB 在 13 柱面群组 (16 c/g, 7.88MB/g, 3776 i/g)
超块 (fsck -F ufs -o b=#) 备份在：
32, 16224, 32416, 48608, 64800, 80992, 97184, 113376, 129568, 145760,
161952, 178144, 194336,
# fsck -F ufs -o b=16224 /dev/dsk/c1d1s0 用16224备份块恢复主超级块
Alternate super block location: 16224.
** /dev/dsk/c1d1s0
** Last Mounted on
** Phase 1 - Check Blocks and Sizes
** Phase 2 - Check Pathnames
** Phase 3 - Check Connectivity
** Phase 4 - Check Reference Counts
** Phase 5 - Check Cyl groups
FREE BLK COUNT(S) WRONG IN SUPERBLK
SALVAGE? yes

2 files, 9 used, 98462 free (14 frags, 12306 blocks, 0.0% fragmentation)

***** FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED *****

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