NPOI简单操作Excel

1、整个Excel表格叫做工作表：WorkBook（工作薄），包含的叫页（工作表）：Sheet；行：Row；单元格Cell。

2、NPOI是POI的C#版本，NPOI的行和列的index都是从0开始

3、POI读取Excel有两种格式一个是HSSF，另一个是XSSF。 HSSF和XSSF的区别如下：
HSSF is the POI Project's pure Java implementation of the Excel '97(-2007) file format. (.xls)
XSSF is the POI Project's pure Java implementation of the Excel 2007 OOXML (.xlsx) file format.
即：HSSF适用2007以前的版本（.xls）,XSSF适用2007版本及其以上的(.xlsx)。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using NPOI.SS.UserModel;
using NPOI.XSSF.UserModel;
using NPOI.HSSF.UserModel;
using System.IO;
using System.Data;

namespace NetUtilityLib
{
public class ExcelHelper : IDisposable
{
private string fileName = null; //文件名
private IWorkbook workbook = null;
private FileStream fs = null;
private bool disposed;

public ExcelHelper(string fileName)
{
this.fileName = fileName;
disposed = false;
}

/// <summary>
/// 将DataTable数据导入到excel中
/// </summary>
/// <param name="data">要导入的数据</param>
/// <param name="isColumnWritten">DataTable的列名是否要导入</param>
/// <param name="sheetName">要导入的excel的sheet的名称</param>
/// <returns>导入数据行数(包含列名那一行)</returns>
public int DataTableToExcel(DataTable data, string sheetName, bool isColumnWritten)
{
int i = 0;
int j = 0;
int count = 0;
ISheet sheet = null;

fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.ReadWrite);
if (fileName.IndexOf(".xlsx") > 0) // 2007版本
workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
else if (fileName.IndexOf(".xls") > 0) // 2003版本
workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();

try
{
if (workbook != null)
{
sheet = workbook.CreateSheet(sheetName);
}
else
{
return -1;
}

if (isColumnWritten == true) //写入DataTable的列名
{
IRow row = sheet.CreateRow(0);
for (j = 0; j < data.Columns.Count; ++j)
{
row.CreateCell(j).SetCellValue(data.Columns[j].ColumnName);
}
count = 1;
}
else
{
count = 0;
}

for (i = 0; i < data.Rows.Count; ++i)
{
IRow row = sheet.CreateRow(count);
for (j = 0; j < data.Columns.Count; ++j)
{
row.CreateCell(j).SetCellValue(data.Rows[i][j].ToString());
}
++count;
}
workbook.Write(fs); //写入到excel
return count;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine("Exception: " + ex.Message);
return -1;
}
}

/// <summary>
/// 将excel中的数据导入到DataTable中
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sheetName">excel工作薄sheet的名称</param>
/// <param name="isFirstRowColumn">第一行是否是DataTable的列名</param>
/// <returns>返回的DataTable</returns>
public DataTable ExcelToDataTable(string sheetName, bool isFirstRowColumn)
{
ISheet sheet = null;
DataTable data = new DataTable();
int startRow = 0;
try
{
fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);
if (fileName.IndexOf(".xlsx") > 0) // 2007版本
workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(fs);
else if (fileName.IndexOf(".xls") > 0) // 2003版本
workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(fs);

if (sheetName != null)
{
sheet = workbook.GetSheet(sheetName);
if (sheet == null) //如果没有找到指定的sheetName对应的sheet，则尝试获取第一个sheet
{
sheet = workbook.GetSheetAt(0);
}
}
else
{
sheet = workbook.GetSheetAt(0);
}
if (sheet != null)
{
IRow firstRow = sheet.GetRow(0);
int cellCount = firstRow.LastCellNum; //一行最后一个cell的编号 即总的列数

if (isFirstRowColumn)
{
for (int i = firstRow.FirstCellNum; i < cellCount; ++i)
{
ICell cell = firstRow.GetCell(i);
if (cell != null)
{
string cellValue = cell.StringCellValue;
if (cellValue != null)
{
DataColumn column = new DataColumn(cellValue);
data.Columns.Add(column);
}
}
}
startRow = sheet.FirstRowNum + 1;
}
else
{
startRow = sheet.FirstRowNum;
}

//最后一列的标号
int rowCount = sheet.LastRowNum;
for (int i = startRow; i <= rowCount; ++i)
{
IRow row = sheet.GetRow(i);
if (row == null) continue; //没有数据的行默认是null　　　　　　　

DataRow dataRow = data.NewRow();
for (int j = row.FirstCellNum; j < cellCount; ++j)
{
if (row.GetCell(j) != null) //同理，没有数据的单元格都默认是null
dataRow[j] = row.GetCell(j).ToString();
}
data.Rows.Add(dataRow);
}
}

return data;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine("Exception: " + ex.Message);
return null;
}
}

public void Dispose()
{
Dispose(true);
GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
}

protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (!this.disposed)
{
if (disposing)
{
if (fs != null)
fs.Close();
}

fs = null;
disposed = true;
}
}
}
}

操作实列:

string localFilePath = "";
DataTable dtExcel = new DataTable();
//点了保存按钮进入
if (openFileDialog1.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)// openFileDialog1不要再问我这是什么！
{
//获得文件路径
localFilePath = openFileDialog1.FileName.ToString();
string strMs = (localFilePath.Split('.')[1]).ToString();
if (strMs != "xlsx" && strMs != "xls")
{
MessageBox.Show("请导入正确的Excel文件");
return;
}
try
{
using (ExcelHelper excelHelper = new ExcelHelper(localFilePath))
{
dtExcel = excelHelper.ExcelToDataTable("MySheet", true);
dtAll = dtExcel;
}
}
catch
{
MessageBox.Show("其它程序正在占用文件不能导入");
return;
}
if (dtExcel != null)
{
try
{
Double allDou = 0, ShuiDou = 0;
DataTable datNew = dtExcel.DefaultView.ToTable(false, new string[] { "序号", "商品名称", "规格型号", "计量单位", "单价", "数量", "金额", "税率" });
datNew.Columns.Add("税额");
foreach (DataRow row in datNew.Rows)
{
row["金额"] = (Double.Parse(row["单价"].ToString()) * Double.Parse(row["数量"].ToString())).ToString();
row["税额"] = (Double.Parse(row["金额"].ToString()) * 0.17).ToString();
allDou = allDou + Double.Parse(row["金额"].ToString());
ShuiDou = ShuiDou + (Double.Parse(row["金额"].ToString()) * 0.17);

if (radioYes.Checked)
{
row["单价"] = (Double.Parse(row["单价"].ToString()) / 1.17);
}
}

txtAll.Text = (ShuiDou + allDou).ToString();
txtShui.Text = ShuiDou.ToString();
txtTotalAll.Text = allDou.ToString();
GvList.DataSource = datNew;
}
catch
{
MessageBox.Show("其它程序正在占用文件不能导入");
}
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("其它程序正在占用文件不能导入");
}
}