【数据结构与算法分析1.2】编写一个程序求解字谜游戏问题

问题描述：输入是由一些字母和单词构成的二维数组，目标是找出字谜中的单词，这些单词可以是水平、垂直或沿对角线以任何方向放置。找出二维数组中所有的单词

写完这个程序，手都要断掉了，太TM麻烦了，而且效率很低，到底有多少个for循环，自己都数不清。

[code]//1.2编写一个程序求解字谜游戏问题
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
/**
    directions:
        1------从左到右
        2------从右到左
        3------从上到下
        4------从下到上
        5------从左下到右上
        6------从左上到右下
        7------从右下到左上
        8------从右上到左下
*/
int compare(char *word1,char *word2){
    int index1=0,index2=0;
    while(word1[index1]&&word2[index2]){
        if(word1[index1]<word2[index2])
            return 0;
        else if(word1[index1]>word2[index2])
            return 1;
        index1++;
        index2++;
    }
    if(word1[index1])
        return 1;
    else
        return 0;
}
//对字典进行排序，冒泡法
void sort(char **direc,int m){
    int i,j;
    char* word1;
    char* word2;

    for(i = m;i>0;i--){
        for(j = 0;j<i-1;j++){
            word1 = direc[j];
            word2 = direc[j+1];
            if(compare(word1,word2)){//word1>word2
                direc[j] = word2;
                direc[j+1] = word1;
            }
        }
    }

}
char **findOne(char **puzzle,int row,int col,int n,char **direct,int m,int index,int *returnSize){
    char **res = (char **)malloc(sizeof(char*)*m);
    int count = 0;
    int dir;
    int i;
    char head = puzzle[row][col];

    int tmpRow,tmpCol;
    int directIndex;
    for(dir = 1;dir<=8;dir++){
        directIndex = 0;
        tmpRow = row;
        tmpCol = col;

        switch (dir)
        {
        case 1://左到右
            for(i = index;i<m&&direct[i][0]==head;i++){
                while(direct[i][directIndex]&&tmpCol<n){
                    if(direct[i][directIndex]!=puzzle[tmpRow][tmpCol]){
                        break;
                    }
                    tmpCol++;
                    directIndex++;
                }
                if(!direct[i][directIndex]){
                    res[count++] = direct[i];
                    break;
                }
            }
            break;
        case 2://从右向左
            for(i = index;i<m&&direct[i][0]==head;i++){
                while(direct[i][directIndex]&&tmpCol>=0){
                    if(direct[i][directIndex]!=puzzle[tmpRow][tmpCol]){
                        break;
                    }
                    tmpCol--;
                    directIndex++;
                }
                if(!direct[i][directIndex]){
                    res[count++] = direct[i];
                    break;
                }
            }
            break;
        case 3://从上到下
            for(i = index;i<m&&direct[i][0]==head;i++){
                while(direct[i][directIndex]&&tmpRow<n){
                    if(direct[i][directIndex]!=puzzle[tmpRow][tmpCol]){
                        break;
                    }
                    tmpRow++;
                    directIndex++;
                }
                if(!direct[i][directIndex]){
                    res[count++] = direct[i];
                    break;
                }
            }
            break;
        case 4://从下到上
            for(i = index;i<m&&direct[i][0]==head;i++){
                while(direct[i][directIndex]&&tmpRow>=0){
                    if(direct[i][directIndex]!=puzzle[tmpRow][tmpCol]){
                        break;
                    }
                    tmpRow--;
                    directIndex++;
                }
                if(!direct[i][directIndex]){
                    res[count++] = direct[i];
                    break;
                }
            }
            break;
        case 5://从左下到右上
            for(i = index;i<m&&direct[i][0]==head;i++){
                while(direct[i][directIndex]&&tmpCol<n&&tmpRow>=0){
                    if(direct[i][directIndex]!=puzzle[tmpRow][tmpCol]){
                        break;
                    }
                    tmpRow--;
                    tmpCol++;
                    directIndex++;
                }
                if(!direct[i][directIndex]){
                    res[count++] = direct[i];
                    break;
                }
            }
            break;
        case 6://从左上到右下
            for(i = index;i<m&&direct[i][0]==head;i++){
                while(direct[i][directIndex]&&tmpCol<n&&tmpRow<n){
                    if(direct[i][directIndex]!=puzzle[tmpRow][tmpCol]){
                        break;
                    }
                    tmpRow++;
                    tmpCol++;
                    directIndex++;
                }
                if(!direct[i][directIndex]){
                    res[count++] = direct[i];
                    break;
                }
            }
            break;
        case 7://从右下到左上
            for(i = index;i<m&&direct[i][0]==head;i++){
                while(direct[i][directIndex]&&tmpCol>=0&&tmpRow>=0){
                    if(direct[i][directIndex]!=puzzle[tmpRow][tmpCol]){
                        break;
                    }
                    tmpRow--;
                    tmpCol--;
                    directIndex++;
                }
                if(!direct[i][directIndex]){
                    res[count++] = direct[i];
                    break;
                }
            }
            break;
        case 8://从右上到左下
            for(i = index;i<m&&direct[i][0]==head;i++){
                while(direct[i][directIndex]&&tmpCol>=0&&tmpRow<n){
                    if(direct[i][directIndex]!=puzzle[tmpRow][tmpCol]){
                        break;
                    }
                    tmpRow++;
                    tmpCol--;
                    directIndex++;
                }
                if(!direct[i][directIndex]){
                    res[count++] = direct[i];
                    break;
                }
            }
            break;
        default:
            break;
        }
    }
    *returnSize = count;
    return res;
}
char **findWord(char **puzzle,int n,char **direc,int m,int *returnSize){
    char **res = (char **)malloc(sizeof(char *)*m);//返回值
    int count = 0;//res index

    int row,col;
    int i;
    char tmp;
    char hash[26];//store first word
    char index;

    sort(direc,m);//将direct排序
    for(i = 0;i<26;i++)
        hash[i] = -1;
    for(i = 0;i<m;i++){
        tmp = direc[i][0];
        if(hash[tmp-'a']==-1)
            hash[tmp-'a'] = i;//存储direc的开始索引
    }
    //print direc and hash table
    //for(i = 0;i<m;i++)
    //  printf("%s\n",direc[i]);
    //for(i = 0;i<26;i++)
    //  printf("%d ",hash[i]);

    for(row = 0;row<n;row++){
        for(col = 0;col<n;col++){
            tmp = puzzle[row][col];
            //check hash table;
            index = hash[tmp-'a'];
            if(index==-1)
                continue;
            int size;
            char **word = findOne(puzzle,row,col,n,direc,m,index,&size);
            if(size){
                for(i = 0;i<size;i++)
                    res[count++] = word[i];
            }
        }
    }
    *returnSize = count;
    return res;
}

int main(){
    int n = 4;
    char *puzzle[4];
    char p1[4] = {'t','h','i','s'};
    char p2[4] = {'w','a','t','s'};
    char p3[4] = {'o','a','h','g'};
    char p4[4] = {'f','g','d','t'};
    puzzle[0] = p1;
    puzzle[1] = p2;
    puzzle[2] = p3;
    puzzle[3] = p4;

    char *s1 = "this";
    char *s2 = "two";
    char *s3 = "otw";
    char *s4 = "fat";
    char *s5 = "that";
    char *s6 = "hello";
    char *s7 = "fuck";

    char *direc[7];
    direc[0] = s1;
    direc[1] = s2;
    direc[2] = s3;
    direc[3] = s4;
    direc[4] = s5;
    direc[5] = s6;
    direc[6] = s7;

    int size;
    char ** res = findWord(puzzle,4,direc,7,&size);
    int i;
    for(i = 0;i<size;i++)
        printf("%s\n",res[i]);
    system("pause");
}