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VNC连接远程Ubuntu设置

2015-06-29 17:15 495 查看

一.windows 远程软件VNCViewer

这个不多说: 下载地址:http://www.realvnc.com/download/viewer/



二.安装 vnc-server

apt-get install vnc-server


提示:

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Package vnc-server is a virtual package provided by:
vnc4server 4.1.1+xorg4.3.0-37ubuntu4
tightvncserver 1.3.9-6.2ubuntu2
You should explicitly select one to install.


然后我们选择任意一个安装

apt-get install vnc4server


再次安装失败, 提示:

404  Not Found [IP: 112.124.140.210 80]
Failed to fetch http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/libx/libx11/libx11-xcb1_1.4.99.1-0ubuntu2.2_amd64.deb  404  Not Found [IP: 112.124.140.210 80]
Failed to fetch http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/libx/libxfixes/libxfixes3_5.0-4ubuntu4.2_amd64.deb  404  Not Found [IP: 112.124.140.210 80]
Failed to fetch http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/libx/libxi/libxi6_1.7.1.901-1ubuntu1~precise1_amd64.deb  404  Not Found [IP: 112.124.140.210 80]
Failed to fetch http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/libx/libxv/libxv1_1.0.6-2ubuntu0.1_amd64.deb  404  Not Found [IP: 112.124.140.210 80]
Failed to fetch http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/x/x11-utils/x11-utils_7.6+4ubuntu0.1_amd64.deb  404  Not Found [IP: 112.124.140.210 80]
E: Unable to fetch some archives, maybe run apt-get update or try with --fix-missing?


提示让apt-get update , update后

apt-get install vnc4server


就ok了。

三. 修改VNC Password

vncpasswd


Password: ******
Verify:*****

四.启动VNC server

vncserver


提示:

xauth:  file /root/.Xauthority does not exist
New 'AYbZ:1 (root)' desktop is AYbZ:1
Creating default startup script /root/.vnc/xstartup
Starting applications specified in /root/.vnc/xstartup
Log file is /root/.vnc/AYbZ:1.log


五.连接vnc

客户端连接vnc 使用端口为:1 每启动一次vncserver 相应的:端口就会变化一次

在这里,我们看到的是一个Linux命令行窗口



六.修改显示界面

我们打开/root/.vnc/xstartup

vim /root/.vnc/xstartup


#!/bin/sh

# Uncomment the following two lines for normal desktop:
# unset SESSION_MANAGER
# exec /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc

[ -x /etc/vnc/xstartup ] && exec /etc/vnc/xstartup
[ -r $HOME/.Xresources ] && xrdb $HOME/.Xresources
xsetroot -solid grey
vncconfig -iconic &
x-terminal-emulator -geometry 80x24+10+10 -ls -title "$VNCDESKTOP Desktop" &
x-window-manager &


我们需要将最后一行“x-window-manager &”改为我们自己的Ubuntu图形界面服务, Ubuntu有gnome、KDE、Unity等桌面环境。
如果是gnome桌面,改成gnome-session &
如果是KDE桌面,改成startkde &
如果是Unity桌面,首先去 /usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/下看桌面session的名称,如果是ubuntu-2d,则将最后一行改为:
export STARTUP="/usr/bin/gnome-session --session=ubuntu-2d"
$STARTUP

------------------------

在这里,一大波问题来袭

修改最后一行为:gnome-session &

重启vnc:

vncserver -kill :1


vncserver


vnc还显示命令行窗口

好,我们知道,有可能是没有安装桌面环境。方法安装:

第一步:安装x-windows的基础

apt-get install x-window-system-core


第二步:安装登录管理器

apt-get install gdm


第三步:安装桌面

apt-get install ubuntu-desktop


重启vnc:

vncserver -kill :1


vncserver


依旧显示命令行窗口

这次已经gnome桌面环境,依旧这样是为什么呢?记得在启动vncservier时生成个日志.log文件。

查看日志文件

cat root/.vnc/AYbZ\:1.log


显示如下错误:

error opening security policy file /etc/X11/xserver/SecurityPolicy
Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/, removing from list!
Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Speedo/, removing from list!
Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/misc/, removing from list!
Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/, removing from list!
Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/, removing from list!
Could not init font path element /usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi/, removing from list!
Could not init font path element /usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi/, removing from list!


我们安装字体便是

apt-get  install xfonts-100dpi xfonts-75dpi xfonts-scalable xfonts-cyrillic


安装完成时候,重启vncserver,再次查看log日志文件

Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/, removing from list!
Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Speedo/, removing from list!
Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/misc/, removing from list!
Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/, removing from list!
Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/, removing from list!


/usr/share/fonts/X11目录下有字体文件了,但/usr/X11R6/lib 目录还是不存在字体

我们可以让X11R6里面软链接到share/fonts字体目录中

mkdir -r  /usr/X11R6/lib   # 没有X11R6/lib 目录


cd /usr/X11R6/lib/


ln -s /usr/share/fonts/X11 X11


再次重启vncserver

OK!

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