WebService使用实例

最近刚刚开始学习使用WebService的方法进行服务器端数据交互，发现网上的资料不是很全，

目前就结合收集到的一些资料做了一个小例子和大家分享一下~

我们在PC机器java客户端中，需要一些库，比如XFire,Axis2,CXF等等来支持访问WebService，但是这些库并不适合我们资源有限的android手机客户端，做过J***A
ME的人都知道有KSOAP这个第三方的类库，可以帮助我们获取服务器端webService调用，当然KSOAP已经提供了基于android版本的jar包了，那么我们就开始吧：

首先下载KSOAP包：ksoap2-android-assembly-2.5.2-jar-with-dependencies.jar包
下载地址 点击进入代码下载

然后新建android项目：并把下载的KSOAP包放在android项目的lib目录下：右键->build
path->configure build path--选择Libraries，如图：





同时，只添加jar包肯能是不够的，需要添加class folder，即可以再工程的libs文件夹中加入下载的KSOAP包，如图：








环境配好之后可以用下面七个步骤来调用WebService方法：

第一：实例化SoapObject对象，指定webService的命名空间（从相关WSDL文档中可以查看命名空间），以及调用方法名称。如：

//命名空间

privatestatic final String serviceNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";

//调用方法(获得支持的城市)

privatestatic final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity";

//实例化SoapObject对象

SoapObject request=new SoapObject(serviceNameSpace, getSupportCity);

第二步：假设方法有参数的话,设置调用方法参数：

request.addProperty("参数名称","参数值");

第三步：设置SOAP请求信息(参数部分为SOAP协议版本号，与你要调用的webService中版本号一致)：

//获得序列化的Envelope

SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);

envelope.bodyOut=request;

第四步：注册Envelope：

(new MarshalBase64()).register(envelope);

第五步：构建传输对象，并指明WSDL文档URL：

//请求URL

privatestatic final String serviceURL="http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx";

//Android传输对象

AndroidHttpTransport transport=new AndroidHttpTransport(serviceURL);

transport.debug=true;

第六步：调用WebService(其中参数为1：命名空间+方法名称，2：Envelope对象)：

transport.call(serviceNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope);

第七步：解析返回数据：

if(envelope.getResponse()!=null){

return parse(envelope.bodyIn.toString());

}

这里有个地址提供webService天气预报的服务网站，在浏览器中输入网站：http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx可以看到该网站提供的

调用方法，点进去之后可以看到调用时需要输入的参数，当然有的不需要参数，例如：getSupportProvince ，而getSupportCity需要输入查找的省份名，getWeatherbyCityName 需要输入查找的城市名。接下来我们就利用这三个接口获得数据，并做出显示：

获得本天气预报Web Service支持的洲，国内外省份和城市信息：

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public class MainActivity extends Activity {

// WSDL文档中的命名空间

private static final String targetNameSpace = "http://WebXml.com.cn/";

// WSDL文档中的URL

private static final String WSDL = "http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx?wsdl";



// 需要调用的方法名(获得本天气预报Web Services支持的洲、国内外省份和城市信息)

private static final String getSupportProvince = "getSupportProvince";

private List<Map<String,String>> listItems;

private ListView mListView;



@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

listItems = new ArrayList<Map<String,String>>();

mListView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.province_list);

new NetAsyncTask().execute();

mListView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {



@Override

public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view,

int position, long id) {

String mProvinceName = listItems.get(position).get("province");

Log.d("ProvinceName", mProvinceName);

Intent intent = new Intent();

intent.putExtra("Pname", mProvinceName);

intent.setClass(MainActivity.this, CityActivity.class);

startActivity(intent);

}



});

}



class NetAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<Object, Object, String> {



@Override

protected void onPostExecute(String result) {

if (result.equals("success")) {

//列表适配器

SimpleAdapter simpleAdapter = new SimpleAdapter(MainActivity.this, listItems, R.layout.province_item,

new String[] {"province"}, new int[]{R.id.province});

mListView.setAdapter(simpleAdapter);

}

super.onPostExecute(result);

}



@Override

protected String doInBackground(Object... params) {

// 根据命名空间和方法得到SoapObject对象

SoapObject soapObject = new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,

getSupportProvince);

// 通过SOAP1.1协议得到envelop对象

SoapSerializationEnvelope envelop = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(

SoapEnvelope.VER11);

// 将soapObject对象设置为envelop对象，传出消息



envelop.dotNet = true;

envelop.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);

// 或者envelop.bodyOut = soapObject;

HttpTransportSE httpSE = new HttpTransportSE(WSDL);

// 开始调用远程方法

try {

httpSE.call(targetNameSpace + getSupportProvince, envelop);

// 得到远程方法返回的SOAP对象

SoapObject resultObj = (SoapObject) envelop.getResponse();

// 得到服务器传回的数据

int count = resultObj.getPropertyCount();

for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {

Map<String,String> listItem = new HashMap<String, String>();

listItem.put("province", resultObj.getProperty(i).toString());

listItems.add(listItem);

}

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

return "IOException";

} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

return "XmlPullParserException";

}

return "success";

}

}

}

显示省份列表的activity_main.xml文件：

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<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:layout_width="fill_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent" >



<ListView

android:id="@+id/province_list"

android:layout_width="fill_parent"

android:layout_height="fill_parent"/>



</LinearLayout>

列表中选项显示的province_item.xml文件：

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:orientation="vertical" >



<TextView

android:id="@+id/province"

android:layout_width="fill_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:textSize="20sp"/>



</LinearLayout>

效果图，如图：





查询本天气预报Web Services支持的国内外城市或地区信息：

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public class CityActivity extends Activity {

// WSDL文档中的命名空间

private static final String targetNameSpace = "http://WebXml.com.cn/";

// WSDL文档中的URL

private static final String WSDL = "http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx?wsdl";



// 需要调用的方法名(获得本天气预报Web Services支持的城市信息,根据省份查询城市集合：带参数)

private static final String getSupportCity = "getSupportCity";

private List<Map<String,String>> listItems;

private ListView mListView;



@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

listItems = new ArrayList<Map<String,String>>();

mListView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.province_list);

new NetAsyncTask().execute();

//列表单击事件监听

mListView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {



@Override

public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view,

int position, long id) {

String mCityName = listItems.get(position).get("city");

String cityName = getCityName(mCityName);

Log.d("CityName", cityName);

Intent intent = new Intent();

//存储选择的城市名

intent.putExtra("Cname", cityName);

intent.setClass(CityActivity.this, WeatherActivity.class);

startActivity(intent);

}



});

}

/**

* 拆分“城市 （代码）”字符串，将“城市”字符串分离

* @param name

* @return

*/

public String getCityName(String name) {

String city = "";

int position = name.indexOf(' ');

city = name.substring(0, position);

return city;

}



class NetAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<Object, Object, String> {



@Override

protected void onPostExecute(String result) {

if (result.equals("success")) {

//列表适配器

SimpleAdapter simpleAdapter = new SimpleAdapter(CityActivity.this, listItems, R.layout.province_item,

new String[] {"city"}, new int[]{R.id.province});

mListView.setAdapter(simpleAdapter);

}

super.onPostExecute(result);

}



@Override

protected String doInBackground(Object... params) {

// 根据命名空间和方法得到SoapObject对象

SoapObject soapObject = new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getSupportCity);

//参数输入

String name = getIntent().getExtras().getString("Pname");

soapObject.addProperty("byProvinceName", name);

// 通过SOAP1.1协议得到envelop对象

SoapSerializationEnvelope envelop = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(

SoapEnvelope.VER11);

// 将soapObject对象设置为envelop对象，传出消息

envelop.dotNet = true;

envelop.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);

HttpTransportSE httpSE = new HttpTransportSE(WSDL);

// 开始调用远程方法

try {

httpSE.call(targetNameSpace + getSupportCity, envelop);

// 得到远程方法返回的SOAP对象

SoapObject resultObj = (SoapObject) envelop.getResponse();

// 得到服务器传回的数据

int count = resultObj.getPropertyCount();

for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {

Map<String,String> listItem = new HashMap<String, String>();

listItem.put("city", resultObj.getProperty(i).toString());

listItems.add(listItem);

}

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

return "IOException";

} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

return "XmlPullParserException";

}

return "success";

}

}

}

用于列表显示的xml重复使用，这里就不再重复写一次了，效果图，如图：



最后，根据选择的城市或地区名称获得天气情况：

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public class WeatherActivity extends Activity {

//WSDL文档中的命名空间

private static final String targetNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";

//WSDL文档中的URL

private static final String WSDL="http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx?wsdl";

//根据城市或地区名称查询获得未来三天内天气情况、现在的天气实况、天气和生活指数

private static final String getWeatherbyCityName="getWeatherbyCityName";

WeatherBean mWBean;

private ImageView mImageView;

private EditText mCityName;

private EditText mTemp;

private EditText mWeather;

private TextView mToday;

private TextView mDetail;

private int Image[];



@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.weather);

Image = new int[]{R.drawable.image0,R.drawable.image1,R.drawable.image2,

R.drawable.image3,R.drawable.image4,R.drawable.image5,

R.drawable.image6,R.drawable.image7,R.drawable.image8,

R.drawable.image9,R.drawable.image10,R.drawable.image11,

R.drawable.image12,R.drawable.image13,R.drawable.image14,

R.drawable.image15,R.drawable.image16,R.drawable.image17,

R.drawable.image18,R.drawable.image19,R.drawable.image20,

R.drawable.image21,R.drawable.image22,R.drawable.image23,

R.drawable.image24,R.drawable.image25,R.drawable.image26,

R.drawable.image27};

mWBean = new WeatherBean();

mImageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.picture);

mCityName = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.city_name);

mTemp = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.temp);

mWeather = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.weather);

mToday = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.today_weather);

mDetail = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.city_detail);

new NetAsyncTask().execute();



}



class NetAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<Object, Object, String> {



@Override

protected void onPostExecute(String result) {

String image = mWBean.getWeatherPicture();

int position = getImageId(image);

Log.d("image", Image[position]+"");

mImageView.setImageResource(Image[position]);

mCityName.setText(mWBean.getCityName());

mTemp.setText(mWBean.getTemp());

mWeather.setText(mWBean.getWeather());

mToday.setText(mWBean.getLiveWeather());

mDetail.setText(mWBean.getCityDetail());

super.onPostExecute(result);

}



public int getImageId(String picture) {

int id = 0;

int tempId = picture.indexOf('.');

String sub = picture.substring(0, tempId);

id = Integer.parseInt(sub);

return id;

}



@Override

protected String doInBackground(Object... params) {

// 根据命名空间和方法得到SoapObject对象

SoapObject soapObject = new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getWeatherbyCityName);

String city = getIntent().getExtras().getString("Cname");

soapObject.addProperty("theCityName",city);//调用的方法参数与参数值（根据具体需要可选可不选）

// 通过SOAP1.1协议得到envelop对象

SoapSerializationEnvelope envelop = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);

// 将soapObject对象设置为envelop对象，传出消息



envelop.dotNet = true;

envelop.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);

// 或者envelop.bodyOut = soapObject;

HttpTransportSE httpSE = new HttpTransportSE(WSDL);

// 开始调用远程方法

try {

httpSE.call(targetNameSpace + getWeatherbyCityName, envelop);

// 得到远程方法返回的SOAP对象

SoapObject resultObj = (SoapObject) envelop.getResponse();

// 得到服务器传回的数据

mWBean.setCityName(resultObj.getProperty(1).toString());

mWBean.setTemp(resultObj.getProperty(5).toString());

mWBean.setWeather(resultObj.getProperty(6).toString());

mWBean.setWeatherPicture(resultObj.getProperty(8).toString());

mWBean.setLiveWeather(resultObj.getProperty(10).toString());

mWBean.setCityDetail(resultObj.getProperty(22).toString());



} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

return "IOException";

} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

return "XmlPullParserException";

}

return "success";

}

}

}

这里没有显示全部的信息，提供了一个存储部分天气信息的类：

[java] view
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public class WeatherBean {

private String CityName;

private String Temp;

private String Weather;

private String WeatherPicture;

private String LiveWeather;

private String CityDetail;

public String getCityName() {

return CityName;

}

public void setCityName(String cityName) {

CityName = cityName;

}

public String getLiveWeather() {

return LiveWeather;

}

public void setLiveWeather(String liveWeather) {

LiveWeather = liveWeather;

}



public String getTemp() {

return Temp;

}

public void setTemp(String temp) {

Temp = temp;

}

public String getWeather() {

return Weather;

}

public void setWeather(String weather) {

Weather = weather;

}

public String getWeatherPicture() {

return WeatherPicture;

}

public void setWeatherPicture(String weatherPicture) {

WeatherPicture = weatherPicture;

}

public String getCityDetail() {

return CityDetail;

}

public void setCityDetail(String cityDetail) {

CityDetail = cityDetail;

}

}



显示天气状况的weather.xml文件：

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<ScrollView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:orientation="vertical" >



<LinearLayout

android:layout_width="fill_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:orientation="vertical" >



<TableLayout

android:layout_width="fill_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content" >



<TableRow>



<TextView

android:layout_width="fill_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="天气实况："

android:textSize="16sp" />



<ImageView

android:id="@+id/picture"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

</TableRow>



<TableRow>



<TextView

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_weight="1"

android:text="城市:"

android:textSize="16sp" />



<EditText

android:id="@+id/city_name"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_weight="2"

android:hint="城市名称"

android:editable="false" />

</TableRow>



<TableRow>



<TextView

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_weight="1"

android:text="温度:"

android:textSize="16sp" />



<EditText

android:id="@+id/temp"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_weight="2"

android:hint="今日气温"

android:editable="false" />

</TableRow>



<TableRow>



<TextView

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_weight="1"

android:text="天气:"

android:textSize="16sp" />



<EditText

android:id="@+id/weather"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_weight="2"

android:hint="今日天气"

android:editable="false" />

</TableRow>



</TableLayout>



<TextView

android:id="@+id/today_weather"

android:layout_width="fill_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:textSize="16sp" />



<TextView

android:layout_width="fill_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="城市简介："

android:textSize="16sp" />



<TextView

android:id="@+id/city_detail"

android:layout_width="fill_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:textSize="16sp" />

</LinearLayout>



</ScrollView>

效果图如图：



这里许多功能做得不是很完善，大家可以根据自己的需要进行设计~

点击进入代码下载