Spring集成ORM框架之Hibernate的使用

最近在学习Spring整合ORM框架。在使用Hibernate的时候遇到很多问题，花费了几天时间总算解决了。Hibernate的主要接口是org.hibernate.session，session提供了基本的数据操作功能如更新、插入、删除、加载数据对象的功能。session要通过SessionFactory来打开，关闭及管理。下面来看代码：

1、和之前一样首先通过新建一个maven项目SpringBean_01，它的pom.xml配置如下：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

<groupId>com.csii.spring</groupId>
<artifactId>SpringBean_01</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>

<name>SpringBean_01</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<springframework.version>3.2.3.RELEASE</springframework.version>
</properties>

<repositories>
<repository>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
<id>central</id>
<name>Maven Repository Switchboard</name>
<url>http://repo2.maven.org/maven2</url>
</repository>
</repositories>

<dependencies>

<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.0</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectjweaver</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.7.2</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>1.7.0</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>commons-collections</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
<artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
<version>1.8.5</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>commons-pool</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-pool</artifactId>
<version>1.5.4</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>com.mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.20</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>3.6.10.Final</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.javassist</groupId>
<artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
<version>3.18.2-GA</version>
</dependency>

</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId>
<artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>7.5.4.v20111024</version>
<configuration>
<scanIntervalSeconds>10</scanIntervalSeconds>
<webApp>
<contextPath>/${project.artifactId}</contextPath>
</webApp>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<!--   <properties>
<springframework.version>3.2.3.RELEASE</springframework.version>
</properties>   -->
</project>

2、新建应用上下文applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd"> 
<import resource="datasource.xml"/>

<import resource="hibernate/hibernate.xml"/>

</beans>

其中datasource.xml文件如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd"> 
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/dbtest?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8"></property>
<property name="username" value="root"></property>
<property name="password" value="root"></property>
<!--  maxActive: 最大连接数量    -->
<property name="maxActive" value="20"/>
<!-- minIdle: 最小空闲连接   -->
<property name="minIdle" value="0"/>
<!-- maxIdle: 最大空闲连接  -->
<property name="maxIdle" value="2"/>
<!-- initialSize: 初始化连接    -->
<property name="initialSize" value="10"/>
<!-- 连接被泄露时是否打印  -->
</bean>

</beans>

hibernate.xml如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd"> 
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
<property name="mappingResources">
<list>
<value>hibernate/user.hbm.xml</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
<!--  <prop key="hibernate.current_session_context_class">org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.SpringSessionContext</prop> -->
</props>
</property>

</bean>

<bean id="hUserDao" class="com.csii.dao.impl.HUserDAOImpl">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>

<!-- 配置事务容器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<!-- 定义事务规则 -->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="modify*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="del*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" />
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>

<!-- 定义事务入口 -->
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut id="allDaoMethod" expression="execution(* com.csii.dao.*.*(..))" />
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="allDaoMethod" />
</aop:config>

</beans>

user.hbm.xml的配置如下：

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>

<class name="com.csii.entity.User" table="user">
<id name="id" column="id">
<generator class="increment"/>
</id>
<property name="username" column="username" />
<property name="password" column="password" />
</class>

</hibernate-mapping>

2、然后我们新建dao类HUserDAO，HUserDAoImpl（备注：因为之前UserDAO，UserDAOImpl已经使用了，为了区分，虽然这不是一个很好地命名方式）。

package com.csii.dao;

import com.csii.entity.User;

public interface HUserDAO {

void addUser(User user);

}

package com.csii.dao.impl;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;

import com.csii.dao.HUserDAO;
import com.csii.entity.User;

public class HUserDAOImpl implements HUserDAO{

private SessionFactory sessionFactory;

public void addUser(User user) {

getInstanceSession().save(user);

}

public Session getInstanceSession(){

return sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
}

public SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {
return sessionFactory;
}

public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {
this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory;
}

}

3、新建实体类User

package com.csii.entity;

public class User {

private int id;

private String username;

private String password;

public int getId() {
return id;
}

public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}

public String getUsername() {
return username;
}

public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}

public String getPassword() {
return password;
}

public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}

@Override
public String toString() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return "user{id="+getId()+",username="+getUsername()+",password="+getPassword()+"}";
}

}

4、然后写一个测试类Test.java就可以测试了

package com.csii.spring;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.csii.aop.SoccerGame;
import com.csii.aopwithparam.MindReader;
import com.csii.aopwithparam.Thinker;
import com.csii.aopwithparam.Volunteer;
import com.csii.dao.HUserDAO;
import com.csii.dao.UserDAO;
import com.csii.entity.User;

public class Test {

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ApplicationContext ctx=
new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
User user=new User();
user.setUsername("李四");
user.setPassword("123456");
userDao.addUser(user);*/

HUserDAO hUserDao=(HUserDAO)ctx.getBean("hUserDao");
User user=new User();
user.setUsername("后街男孩");
user.setPassword("123456");
hUserDao.addUser(user);

}

}

在数据库中新建一个数据库和表，运行之后可看到数据库新增了一条记录。具体新建过程同上一篇博客。