ubuntu 下按照官网教程安装 mongodb和c++ driver

ubuntu 下按照官网教程安装 mongodb和c++ driver

官网教程地址：http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/install-mongodb-on-ubuntu/

1.安装mongodb（版本3.0.3）：

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv 7F0CEB10

echo "deb http://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu "$(lsb_release -sc)"/mongodb-org/3.0 multiverse" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-3.0.list

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install -y mongodb-org

1.1.启动mongodb：

sudo service mongod start

可在

/var/log/mongodb/mongod.log 中查看是否启动成功，若其中一行是：

“[initandlisten] waiting for connections on port <port> （<port>,默认为27017）”，则表明mongodb

开启成功

2.安装c++ driver

本文是按照“Legacy Driver Documentation”教程来安装c++ driver的，地址是
https://github.com/mongodb/mongo-cxx-driver/wiki/Download-and-Compile-the-Legacy-Driver
安装c++ driver前需要先安装boost（>=1.49）、python(2.x)、scons、git。

python(2.x)、scons、git都比较好安装，Ubuntu自带python,下面只讲一下boost的安装。

注意：安装编译boost前，得先安装gcc，使用命令：sudo apt-get install g++即可安装。

2.1.安装编译boost：

tar -zxvf boost_1_58_0.tar.gz

cd boost_1_58_0

编译前需要配置，输入下面的命令：

sudo ./bootstrap.sh

然后会提示你使用b2(老版本是使用bjam编译)编译，这里选择完全安装，自定义安装以后再研究,输入命令：

sudo ./b2 install

编译安装完成后，会把boost头文件拷贝到/usr/local/include/目录下，库文件在/usr/local/lib/下

2.2.安装编译c++ driver

获取源代码：

git clone https://github.com/mongodb/mongo-cxx-driver.git
选择分支：

cd mongo-cxx-driver

git checkout legacy

编译driver（SConstruct在mongo-cxx-driver文件夹里，需在mongo-cxx-driver目录下执行，否则提示没有SConstruct）：

将driver安装在$HOME/mongo-client-install（也可以在/opt/local, /usr/local）：

y@ubuntu:~/mongo-cxx-driver$ scons --prefix=$HOME/mongo-client-install install

启用ssl:

y@ubuntu:~/mongo-cxx-driver$ scons --prefix=$HOME/mongo-client-install --ssl install(没有成功，提示找不到boost,没在意，略过了)

启用sasl:

y@ubuntu:~/mongo-cxx-driver$ scons --prefix=$HOME/mongo-client-install --use-sasl-client install(没有成功，提示需要安装ssl,没在意，略过了)

建立driver的一个共享库版本：

scons --prefix=$HOME/mongo-client-install --sharedclient install

建立库的调试版本：

y@ubuntu:~/mongo-cxx-driver$ scons --prefix=$HOME/mongo-client-install --dbg=on --opt=on install

到此算是安装结束了，教程中的一些不合适的内容或命令就没跟着做，下面的教程“Configuring the Legacy Driver”只是看了一下，然后看的是教程“Tutorial”的connecting部分。

3.连接测试：

建立文件：

touch tutorial.cpp

然后将教程中的代码复制到tutorial.cpp中。

我在linux中用的是gcc，编译tutorial.cpp的命令如下（用I和L指出mongo及boost的头文件及库的位置，I用于指定头文件，L用于指定库）：

y@ubuntu:~$ g++ -I/home/y/mongo-client-install/include -L/home/y/mongo-client-install/lib -I/usr/local/include -L/usr/local/lib -pthread -lmongoclient -lboost_thread -lboost_filesystem -lboost_program_options -lboost_system -lboost_regex tutorial.cpp -o tutorial

运行后出现提示：

/tmp/ccnElcEW.o: In function `main':

tutorial.cpp:(.text+0xe2): undefined reference to `mongo::client::Options::Options()'

tutorial.cpp:(.text+0xf8): undefined reference to `mongo::client::initialize(mongo::client::Options const&)'

/tmp/ccnElcEW.o: In function `__static_initialization_and_destruction_0(int, int)':

tutorial.cpp:(.text+0x223): undefined reference to `boost::system::generic_category()'

tutorial.cpp:(.text+0x22f): undefined reference to `boost::system::generic_category()'

tutorial.cpp:(.text+0x23b): undefined reference to `boost::system::system_category()'

/tmp/ccnElcEW.o:(.gcc_except_table+0x1b8): undefined reference to `typeinfo for mongo::DBException'

/tmp/ccnElcEW.o: In function `mongo::DBException::DBException(std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, int)':

tutorial.cpp:(.text._ZN5mongo11DBExceptionC2ERKSsi[_ZN5mongo11DBExceptionC5ERKSsi]+0x27): undefined reference to `vtable for mongo::DBException'

/tmp/ccnElcEW.o: In function `mongo::DBException::~DBException()':

tutorial.cpp:(.text._ZN5mongo11DBExceptionD2Ev[_ZN5mongo11DBExceptionD5Ev]+0x16): undefined reference to `vtable for mongo::DBException'

/tmp/ccnElcEW.o: In function `mongo::DBException::addContext(std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)':

tutorial.cpp:(.text._ZN5mongo11DBException10addContextERKSs[mongo::DBException::addContext(std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)]+0x24): undefined reference to `mongo::causedBy(std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>,
std::allocator<char> > const&)'

/tmp/ccnElcEW.o: In function `mongo::UserException::UserException(int, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)':

tutorial.cpp:(.text._ZN5mongo13UserExceptionC2EiRKSs[_ZN5mongo13UserExceptionC5EiRKSs]+0x30): undefined reference to `vtable for mongo::UserException'

/tmp/ccnElcEW.o: In function `mongo::UserException::~UserException()':

tutorial.cpp:(.text._ZN5mongo13UserExceptionD2Ev[_ZN5mongo13UserExceptionD5Ev]+0x13): undefined reference to `vtable for mongo::UserException'

/tmp/ccnElcEW.o: In function `mongo::DBClientConnection::DBClientConnection(bool, mongo::DBClientReplicaSet*, double)':

tutorial.cpp:(.text._ZN5mongo18DBClientConnectionC2EbPNS_18DBClientReplicaSetEd[_ZN5mongo18DBClientConnectionC5EbPNS_18DBClientReplicaSetEd]+0x23): undefined reference to `mongo::DBClientBase::DBClientBase()'

tutorial.cpp:(.text._ZN5mongo18DBClientConnectionC2EbPNS_18DBClientReplicaSetEd[_ZN5mongo18DBClientConnectionC5EbPNS_18DBClientReplicaSetEd]+0x2e): undefined reference to `vtable for mongo::DBClientConnection'

tutorial.cpp:(.text._ZN5mongo18DBClientConnectionC2EbPNS_18DBClientReplicaSetEd[_ZN5mongo18DBClientConnectionC5EbPNS_18DBClientReplicaSetEd]+0x3a): undefined reference to `vtable for mongo::DBClientConnection'

tutorial.cpp:(.text._ZN5mongo18DBClientConnectionC2EbPNS_18DBClientReplicaSetEd[_ZN5mongo18DBClientConnectionC5EbPNS_18DBClientReplicaSetEd]+0xbe): undefined reference to `mongo::HostAndPort::HostAndPort()'

tutorial.cpp:(.text._ZN5mongo18DBClientConnectionC2EbPNS_18DBClientReplicaSetEd[_ZN5mongo18DBClientConnectionC5EbPNS_18DBClientReplicaSetEd]+0x10d): undefined reference to `mongo::DBClientConnection::_numConnections'

tutorial.cpp:(.text._ZN5mongo18DBClientConnectionC2EbPNS_18DBClientReplicaSetEd[_ZN5mongo18DBClientConnectionC5EbPNS_18DBClientReplicaSetEd]+0x1a6): undefined reference to `mongo::DBClientBase::~DBClientBase()'

/tmp/ccnElcEW.o: In function `mongo::DBClientConnection::~DBClientConnection()':

tutorial.cpp:(.text._ZN5mongo18DBClientConnectionD2Ev[_ZN5mongo18DBClientConnectionD5Ev]+0x14): undefined reference to `vtable for mongo::DBClientConnection'

tutorial.cpp:(.text._ZN5mongo18DBClientConnectionD2Ev[_ZN5mongo18DBClientConnectionD5Ev]+0x20): undefined reference to `vtable for mongo::DBClientConnection'

tutorial.cpp:(.text._ZN5mongo18DBClientConnectionD2Ev[_ZN5mongo18DBClientConnectionD5Ev]+0x2a): undefined reference to `mongo::DBClientConnection::_numConnections'

tutorial.cpp:(.text._ZN5mongo18DBClientConnectionD2Ev[_ZN5mongo18DBClientConnectionD5Ev]+0xa7): undefined reference to `mongo::DBClientBase::~DBClientBase()'

tutorial.cpp:(.text._ZN5mongo18DBClientConnectionD2Ev[_ZN5mongo18DBClientConnectionD5Ev]+0x161): undefined reference to `mongo::DBClientBase::~DBClientBase()'

/tmp/ccnElcEW.o: In function `mongo::DBClientConnection::connect(std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)':

tutorial.cpp:(.text._ZN5mongo18DBClientConnection7connectERKSs[mongo::DBClientConnection::connect(std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)]+0x51): undefined reference to `mongo::HostAndPort::HostAndPort(mongo::StringData
const&)'

/tmp/ccnElcEW.o:(.rodata._ZTVN5mongo16ConnectExceptionE[vtable for mongo::ConnectException]+0x30): undefined reference to `mongo::UserException::appendPrefix(std::basic_stringstream<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >&) const'

......

collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

网上查了许多资料，百思不得其解，最后改了一个心中认为出错的地方（改变一些命令或参数的位置），命令如下：

y@ubuntu:~$ g++ tutorial.cpp -pthread -I/home/y/mongo-client-install/include -L/home/y/mongo-client-install/lib -I/usr/local/include -L/usr/local/lib -lmongoclient -lboost_thread -lboost_filesystem -lboost_program_options -lboost_system -lboost_regex -o tutorial

结果没有报错，tutorial.cpp编译成功。

接着执行命令：

y@ubuntu:~$ ./tutorial

出现错误提示：

./tutorial: error while loading shared libraries: libmongoclient.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

网上查找资料，原因是共享库文件libmongoclient.so安装位置有问题，自己电脑上的libmongoclient.so在/home/y/mongo-client-install/lib目录下。把新共享库目录加入到共享库配置文件/etc/ld.so.conf中, 命令如下:

# cat /etc/ld.so.conf

include ld.so.conf.d/*.conf

# echo "/home/y/mongo-client-install/lib" >> /etc/ld.so.conf

# ldconfig

y@ubuntu:~$ ./tutorial

出现connected ok

证明连接成功！

注：本人只是一个初学者，能力有限，所写文章水平也不高，有什么问题或建议还望不吝赐教。