Android中的Post和Get方法：服务器端+客户端
2015-05-23 10:09
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Post和Get方法是客户端与服务器端之间的信息交互方法
首先我们配置服务器端，服务器端是用MyEclipse编辑的一个Web服务器，创建一个Web Project，在这个Web Project中添加3个Servlet:
第一个SynDataServlet：
第二个SynTxtDataServlet：
第三个UploadFileServlet：
注意web.xml中对Servlet的映射：
在WebRoot根目录下放一个file.jpg文件和一个txtFile.txt文件。
服务器端配置好以后，我们进行Android客户端开发，通过Post和Get方法向服务器端提交数据和得到数据：
因为客户端要访问网络，首先在清单文件AndroidManifest.xml中添加一个网络授权：
第二步，创建一个NetTool.java工具类：
第三步：自定义一个Student.java类：
第四步：在main.xml中对Activity的布局进行设置：
第五步：在Activity.java中完成最后一步：
这样就可以实现客户端与服务器端的数据交互
首先我们配置服务器端，服务器端是用MyEclipse编辑的一个Web服务器，创建一个Web Project，在这个Web Project中添加3个Servlet:
第一个SynDataServlet：
package com.tgb.lk.demo.appserver;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class SynDataServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
System.out.println("---------get-------------");
// 处理中文乱码问题解决办法
String name = new String(request.getParameter("name").getBytes(
"iso-8859-1"), "UTF-8");
String age = request.getParameter("age");
String classes = new String(request.getParameter("classes").getBytes(
"iso-8859-1"), "UTF-8");
System.out.println("-------" + name + age + classes + "--------");
response.setContentType("text/xml; charset=UTF-8");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out.print("GET method ");
out.print("name=" + name + ",age=" + age + ",classes=" + classes);
out.flush();
out.close();
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
System.out.println("---------post-------------");
String name = new String(request.getParameter("name").getBytes(
"iso-8859-1"), "UTF-8");
String age = request.getParameter("age");
String classes = new String(request.getParameter("classes").getBytes(
"iso-8859-1"), "UTF-8");
System.out.println("--------" + name + age + classes + "---------");
response.setContentType("text/xml; charset=UTF-8");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out.print("POST method");
out.print("name=" + name + ",age=" + age + ",classes=" + classes);
out.flush();
out.close();
}
}第二个SynTxtDataServlet：
package com.tgb.lk.demo.appserver;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class SynTxtDataServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(request
.getInputStream(), "UTF-8"));
// 数据
String retData = null;
String responseData = "";
while ((retData = in.readLine()) != null) {
responseData += retData;
}
in.close();
response.setContentType("text/xml; charset=UTF-8");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out.print("POST method");
out.print(responseData);
out.flush();
out.close();
}
}第三个UploadFileServlet：
package com.tgb.lk.demo.appserver;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUpload;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadException;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletRequestContext;
public class UploadFileServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
// 设置request编码，主要是为了处理普通输入框中的中文问题
request.setCharacterEncoding("gbk");
// 这里对request进行封装，RequestContext提供了对request多个访问方法
org.apache.commons.fileupload.RequestContext requestContext = new ServletRequestContext(
request);
// 判断表单是否是Multipart类型的。这里可以直接对request进行判断，不过已经以前的用法了
if (FileUpload.isMultipartContent(requestContext)) {
DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
// 设置文件的缓存路径
factory.setRepository(new File("d:/tmp/"));
File dir = new File("d:\\download\\");
if (!dir.exists()) {
dir.mkdirs();
}
// System.out.print("已经生成临时文件");
ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
// 设置上传文件大小的上限，-1表示无上限
upload.setSizeMax(100000 * 1024 * 1024);
List items = new ArrayList();
try {
// 上传文件，并解析出所有的表单字段，包括普通字段和文件字段
items = upload.parseRequest(request);
} catch (FileUploadException e1) {
System.out.println("文件上传发生错误" + e1.getMessage());
}
// 下面对每个字段进行处理，分普通字段和文件字段
Iterator it = items.iterator();
while (it.hasNext()) {
DiskFileItem fileItem = (DiskFileItem) it.next();
// 如果是普通字段
if (fileItem.isFormField()) {
System.out.println(fileItem.getFieldName()
+ " "
+ fileItem.getName()
+ " "
+ new String(fileItem.getString().getBytes(
"iso8859-1"), "gbk"));
} else {
System.out.println(fileItem.getFieldName() + " "
+ fileItem.getName() + " "
+ fileItem.isInMemory() + " "
+ fileItem.getContentType() + " "
+ fileItem.getSize());
// 保存文件，其实就是把缓存里的数据写到目标路径下
if (fileItem.getName() != null && fileItem.getSize() != 0) {
File fullFile = new File(fileItem.getName());
File newFile = new File("d:\\download\\"
+ fullFile.getName());
try {
fileItem.write(newFile);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} else {
System.out.println("文件没有选择 或 文件内容为空");
}
}
}
}
}
}注意web.xml中对Servlet的映射：
<servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>SynDataServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/servlet/SynDataServlet</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>SynTxtDataServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/servlet/SynTxtDataServlet</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>UploadFileServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/servlet/UploadFileServlet</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list>
在WebRoot根目录下放一个file.jpg文件和一个txtFile.txt文件。
服务器端配置好以后，我们进行Android客户端开发，通过Post和Get方法向服务器端提交数据和得到数据：
因为客户端要访问网络，首先在清单文件AndroidManifest.xml中添加一个网络授权：
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
第二步，创建一个NetTool.java工具类：
package com.tgb.lk.demo.util;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import android.os.Environment;
/**
* NetTool:封装一个类搞定90%安卓客户端与服务器端交互
*
* @author 李坤 五期信息技术提高班
*/
public class NetTool {
private static final int TIMEOUT = 10000;// 10秒
/**
* 传送文本,例如Json,xml等
*/
public static String sendTxt(String urlPath, String txt, String encoding)
throws Exception {
byte[] sendData = txt.getBytes();
URL url = new URL(urlPath);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setConnectTimeout(TIMEOUT);
// 如果通过post提交数据，必须设置允许对外输出数据
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml");
conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", encoding);
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String
.valueOf(sendData.length));
OutputStream outStream = conn.getOutputStream();
outStream.write(sendData);
outStream.flush();
outStream.close();
if (conn.getResponseCode() == 200) {
// 获得服务器响应的数据
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn
.getInputStream(), encoding));
// 数据
String retData = null;
String responseData = "";
while ((retData = in.readLine()) != null) {
responseData += retData;
}
in.close();
return responseData;
}
return "sendText error!";
}
/**
* 上传文件
*/
public static String sendFile(String urlPath, String filePath,
String newName) throws Exception {
String end = "\r\n";
String twoHyphens = "--";
String boundary = "*****";
URL url = new URL(urlPath);
HttpURLConnection con = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
/* 允许Input、Output，不使用Cache */
con.setDoInput(true);
con.setDoOutput(true);
con.setUseCaches(false);
/* 设置传送的method=POST */
con.setRequestMethod("POST");
/* setRequestProperty */
con.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
con.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");
con.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "multipart/form-data;boundary="
+ boundary);
/* 设置DataOutputStream */
DataOutputStream ds = new DataOutputStream(con.getOutputStream());
ds.writeBytes(twoHyphens + boundary + end);
ds.writeBytes("Content-Disposition: form-data; "
+ "name=\"file1\";filename=\"" + newName + "\"" + end);
ds.writeBytes(end);
/* 取得文件的FileInputStream */
FileInputStream fStream = new FileInputStream(filePath);
/* 设置每次写入1024bytes */
int bufferSize = 1024;
byte[] buffer = new byte[bufferSize];
int length = -1;
/* 从文件读取数据至缓冲区 */
while ((length = fStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
/* 将资料写入DataOutputStream中 */
ds.write(buffer, 0, length);
}
ds.writeBytes(end);
ds.writeBytes(twoHyphens + boundary + twoHyphens + end);
/* close streams */
fStream.close();
ds.flush();
/* 取得Response内容 */
InputStream is = con.getInputStream();
int ch;
StringBuffer b = new StringBuffer();
while ((ch = is.read()) != -1) {
b.append((char) ch);
}
/* 关闭DataOutputStream */
ds.close();
return b.toString();
}
/**
* 通过get方式提交参数给服务器
*/
public static String sendGetRequest(String urlPath,
Map<String, String> params, String encoding) throws Exception {
// 使用StringBuilder对象
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(urlPath);
sb.append('?');
// 迭代Map
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
sb.append(entry.getKey()).append('=').append(
URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), encoding)).append('&');
}
sb.deleteCharAt(sb.length() - 1);
// 打开链接
URL url = new URL(sb.toString());
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml");
conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", encoding);
conn.setConnectTimeout(TIMEOUT);
// 如果请求响应码是200，则表示成功
if (conn.getResponseCode() == 200) {
// 获得服务器响应的数据
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn
.getInputStream(), encoding));
// 数据
String retData = null;
String responseData = "";
while ((retData = in.readLine()) != null) {
responseData += retData;
}
in.close();
return responseData;
}
return "sendGetRequest error!";
}
/**
* 通过Post方式提交参数给服务器,也可以用来传送json或xml文件
*/
public static String sendPostRequest(String urlPath,
Map<String, String> params, String encoding) throws Exception {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
// 如果参数不为空
if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
// Post方式提交参数的话，不能省略内容类型与长度
sb.append(entry.getKey()).append('=').append(
URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), encoding)).append(
'&');
}
sb.deleteCharAt(sb.length() - 1);
}
// 得到实体的二进制数据
byte[] entitydata = sb.toString().getBytes();
URL url = new URL(urlPath);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setConnectTimeout(TIMEOUT);
// 如果通过post提交数据，必须设置允许对外输出数据
conn.setDoOutput(true);
// 这里只设置内容类型与内容长度的头字段
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type",
"application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
// conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml");
conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", encoding);
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String
.valueOf(entitydata.length));
OutputStream outStream = conn.getOutputStream();
// 把实体数据写入是输出流
outStream.write(entitydata);
// 内存中的数据刷入
outStream.flush();
outStream.close();
// 如果请求响应码是200，则表示成功
if (conn.getResponseCode() == 200) {
// 获得服务器响应的数据
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn
.getInputStream(), encoding));
// 数据
String retData = null;
String responseData = "";
while ((retData = in.readLine()) != null) {
responseData += retData;
}
in.close();
return responseData;
}
return "sendText error!";
}
/**
* 在遇上HTTPS安全模式或者操作cookie的时候使用HTTPclient会方便很多 使用HTTPClient（开源项目）向服务器提交参数
*/
public static String sendHttpClientPost(String urlPath,
Map<String, String> params, String encoding) throws Exception {
// 需要把参数放到NameValuePair
List<NameValuePair> paramPairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
paramPairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry
.getValue()));
}
}
// 对请求参数进行编码，得到实体数据
UrlEncodedFormEntity entitydata = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(paramPairs,
encoding);
// 构造一个请求路径
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(urlPath);
// 设置请求实体
post.setEntity(entitydata);
// 浏览器对象
DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
// 执行post请求
HttpResponse response = client.execute(post);
// 从状态行中获取状态码，判断响应码是否符合要求
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
InputStream inputStream = entity.getContent();
InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(
inputStream, encoding);
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader);// 读字符串用的。
String s;
String responseData = "";
while (((s = reader.readLine()) != null)) {
responseData += s;
}
reader.close();// 关闭输入流
return responseData;
}
return "sendHttpClientPost error!";
}
/**
* 根据URL直接读文件内容，前提是这个文件当中的内容是文本，函数的返回值就是文件当中的内容
*/
public static String readTxtFile(String urlStr, String encoding)
throws Exception {
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
String line = null;
BufferedReader buffer = null;
try {
// 创建一个URL对象
URL url = new URL(urlStr);
// 创建一个Http连接
HttpURLConnection urlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url
.openConnection();
// 使用IO流读取数据
buffer = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(urlConn
.getInputStream(), encoding));
while ((line = buffer.readLine()) != null) {
sb.append(line);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
throw e;
} finally {
try {
buffer.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return sb.toString();
}
/**
* 该函数返回整形 -1：代表下载文件出错 0：代表下载文件成功 1：代表文件已经存在
*/
public static int downloadFile(String urlStr, String path, String fileName)
throws Exception {
InputStream inputStream = null;
try {
inputStream = getInputStreamFromUrl(urlStr);
File resultFile = write2SDFromInput(path, fileName, inputStream);
if (resultFile == null) {
return -1;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
return -1;
} finally {
try {
inputStream.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
throw e;
}
}
return 0;
}
/**
* 根据URL得到输入流
*
* @param urlStr
* @return
* @throws MalformedURLException
* @throws IOException
*/
public static InputStream getInputStreamFromUrl(String urlStr)
throws MalformedURLException, IOException {
URL url = new URL(urlStr);
HttpURLConnection urlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
InputStream inputStream = urlConn.getInputStream();
return inputStream;
}
/**
* 将一个InputStream里面的数据写入到SD卡中
*/
private static File write2SDFromInput(String directory, String fileName,
InputStream input) {
File file = null;
String SDPATH = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().toString();
FileOutputStream output = null;
File dir = new File(SDPATH + directory);
if (!dir.exists()) {
dir.mkdir();
}
try {
file = new File(dir + File.separator + fileName);
file.createNewFile();
output = new FileOutputStream(file);
byte buffer[] = new byte[1024];
while ((input.read(buffer)) != -1) {
output.write(buffer);
}
output.flush();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
output.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return file;
}
}第三步：自定义一个Student.java类：
package com.tgb.lk.demo.util;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import android.os.Environment;
/**
* NetTool:封装一个类搞定90%安卓客户端与服务器端交互
*
* @author 李坤 五期信息技术提高班
*/
public class NetTool {
private static final int TIMEOUT = 10000;// 10秒
/**
* 传送文本,例如Json,xml等
*/
public static String sendTxt(String urlPath, String txt, String encoding)
throws Exception {
byte[] sendData = txt.getBytes();
URL url = new URL(urlPath);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setConnectTimeout(TIMEOUT);
// 如果通过post提交数据，必须设置允许对外输出数据
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml");
conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", encoding);
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String
.valueOf(sendData.length));
OutputStream outStream = conn.getOutputStream();
outStream.write(sendData);
outStream.flush();
outStream.close();
if (conn.getResponseCode() == 200) {
// 获得服务器响应的数据
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn
.getInputStream(), encoding));
// 数据
String retData = null;
String responseData = "";
while ((retData = in.readLine()) != null) {
responseData += retData;
}
in.close();
return responseData;
}
return "sendText error!";
}
/**
* 上传文件
*/
public static String sendFile(String urlPath, String filePath,
String newName) throws Exception {
String end = "\r\n";
String twoHyphens = "--";
String boundary = "*****";
URL url = new URL(urlPath);
HttpURLConnection con = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
/* 允许Input、Output，不使用Cache */
con.setDoInput(true);
con.setDoOutput(true);
con.setUseCaches(false);
/* 设置传送的method=POST */
con.setRequestMethod("POST");
/* setRequestProperty */
con.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
con.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");
con.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "multipart/form-data;boundary="
+ boundary);
/* 设置DataOutputStream */
DataOutputStream ds = new DataOutputStream(con.getOutputStream());
ds.writeBytes(twoHyphens + boundary + end);
ds.writeBytes("Content-Disposition: form-data; "
+ "name=\"file1\";filename=\"" + newName + "\"" + end);
ds.writeBytes(end);
/* 取得文件的FileInputStream */
FileInputStream fStream = new FileInputStream(filePath);
/* 设置每次写入1024bytes */
int bufferSize = 1024;
byte[] buffer = new byte[bufferSize];
int length = -1;
/* 从文件读取数据至缓冲区 */
while ((length = fStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
/* 将资料写入DataOutputStream中 */
ds.write(buffer, 0, length);
}
ds.writeBytes(end);
ds.writeBytes(twoHyphens + boundary + twoHyphens + end);
/* close streams */
fStream.close();
ds.flush();
/* 取得Response内容 */
InputStream is = con.getInputStream();
int ch;
StringBuffer b = new StringBuffer();
while ((ch = is.read()) != -1) {
b.append((char) ch);
}
/* 关闭DataOutputStream */
ds.close();
return b.toString();
}
/**
* 通过get方式提交参数给服务器
*/
public static String sendGetRequest(String urlPath,
Map<String, String> params, String encoding) throws Exception {
// 使用StringBuilder对象
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(urlPath);
sb.append('?');
// 迭代Map
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
sb.append(entry.getKey()).append('=').append(
URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), encoding)).append('&');
}
sb.deleteCharAt(sb.length() - 1);
// 打开链接
URL url = new URL(sb.toString());
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml");
conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", encoding);
conn.setConnectTimeout(TIMEOUT);
// 如果请求响应码是200，则表示成功
if (conn.getResponseCode() == 200) {
// 获得服务器响应的数据
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn
.getInputStream(), encoding));
// 数据
String retData = null;
String responseData = "";
while ((retData = in.readLine()) != null) {
responseData += retData;
}
in.close();
return responseData;
}
return "sendGetRequest error!";
}
/**
* 通过Post方式提交参数给服务器,也可以用来传送json或xml文件
*/
public static String sendPostRequest(String urlPath,
Map<String, String> params, String encoding) throws Exception {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
// 如果参数不为空
if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
// Post方式提交参数的话，不能省略内容类型与长度
sb.append(entry.getKey()).append('=').append(
URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), encoding)).append(
'&');
}
sb.deleteCharAt(sb.length() - 1);
}
// 得到实体的二进制数据
byte[] entitydata = sb.toString().getBytes();
URL url = new URL(urlPath);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setConnectTimeout(TIMEOUT);
// 如果通过post提交数据，必须设置允许对外输出数据
conn.setDoOutput(true);
// 这里只设置内容类型与内容长度的头字段
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type",
"application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
// conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml");
conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", encoding);
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String
.valueOf(entitydata.length));
OutputStream outStream = conn.getOutputStream();
// 把实体数据写入是输出流
outStream.write(entitydata);
// 内存中的数据刷入
outStream.flush();
outStream.close();
// 如果请求响应码是200，则表示成功
if (conn.getResponseCode() == 200) {
// 获得服务器响应的数据
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn
.getInputStream(), encoding));
// 数据
String retData = null;
String responseData = "";
while ((retData = in.readLine()) != null) {
responseData += retData;
}
in.close();
return responseData;
}
return "sendText error!";
}
/**
* 在遇上HTTPS安全模式或者操作cookie的时候使用HTTPclient会方便很多 使用HTTPClient（开源项目）向服务器提交参数
*/
public static String sendHttpClientPost(String urlPath,
Map<String, String> params, String encoding) throws Exception {
// 需要把参数放到NameValuePair
List<NameValuePair> paramPairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
paramPairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry
.getValue()));
}
}
// 对请求参数进行编码，得到实体数据
UrlEncodedFormEntity entitydata = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(paramPairs,
encoding);
// 构造一个请求路径
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(urlPath);
// 设置请求实体
post.setEntity(entitydata);
// 浏览器对象
DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
// 执行post请求
HttpResponse response = client.execute(post);
// 从状态行中获取状态码，判断响应码是否符合要求
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
InputStream inputStream = entity.getContent();
InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(
inputStream, encoding);
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader);// 读字符串用的。
String s;
String responseData = "";
while (((s = reader.readLine()) != null)) {
responseData += s;
}
reader.close();// 关闭输入流
return responseData;
}
return "sendHttpClientPost error!";
}
/**
* 根据URL直接读文件内容，前提是这个文件当中的内容是文本，函数的返回值就是文件当中的内容
*/
public static String readTxtFile(String urlStr, String encoding)
throws Exception {
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
String line = null;
BufferedReader buffer = null;
try {
// 创建一个URL对象
URL url = new URL(urlStr);
// 创建一个Http连接
HttpURLConnection urlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url
.openConnection();
// 使用IO流读取数据
buffer = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(urlConn
.getInputStream(), encoding));
while ((line = buffer.readLine()) != null) {
sb.append(line);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
throw e;
} finally {
try {
buffer.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return sb.toString();
}
/**
* 该函数返回整形 -1：代表下载文件出错 0：代表下载文件成功 1：代表文件已经存在
*/
public static int downloadFile(String urlStr, String path, String fileName)
throws Exception {
InputStream inputStream = null;
try {
inputStream = getInputStreamFromUrl(urlStr);
File resultFile = write2SDFromInput(path, fileName, inputStream);
if (resultFile == null) {
return -1;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
return -1;
} finally {
try {
inputStream.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
throw e;
}
}
return 0;
}
/**
* 根据URL得到输入流
*
* @param urlStr
* @return
* @throws MalformedURLException
* @throws IOException
*/
public static InputStream getInputStreamFromUrl(String urlStr)
throws MalformedURLException, IOException {
URL url = new URL(urlStr);
HttpURLConnection urlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
InputStream inputStream = urlConn.getInputStream();
return inputStream;
}
/**
* 将一个InputStream里面的数据写入到SD卡中
*/
private static File write2SDFromInput(String directory, String fileName,
InputStream input) {
File file = null;
String SDPATH = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().toString();
FileOutputStream output = null;
File dir = new File(SDPATH + directory);
if (!dir.exists()) {
dir.mkdir();
}
try {
file = new File(dir + File.separator + fileName);
file.createNewFile();
output = new FileOutputStream(file);
byte buffer[] = new byte[1024];
while ((input.read(buffer)) != -1) {
output.write(buffer);
}
output.flush();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
output.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return file;
}
}第四步：在main.xml中对Activity的布局进行设置：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:orientation="vertical" > <TextView android:id="@+id/tvData" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="数据" /> <Button android:id="@+id/btnTxt" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="与服务器端交互Json数据" /> <Button android:id="@+id/btnGet" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Get方式与服务器端交互数据" /> <Button android:id="@+id/btnPost" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Post方式与服务器端交互数据" /> <Button android:id="@+id/btnHttpClient" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="HttpClient方式与服务器端交互数据" /> <Button android:id="@+id/btnUploadFile" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="上传文件到服务器端" /> <Button android:id="@+id/btnDownloadFile" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="从服务器端下载文件" /> <Button android:id="@+id/btnReadTxtFile" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="从服务器端读取文本文件" /> </LinearLayout>
第五步：在Activity.java中完成最后一步：
package com.tgb.lk.demo.appclient;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
import com.tgb.lk.demo.model.Student;
import com.tgb.lk.demo.util.NetTool;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.ProgressDialog;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class AppClientActivity extends Activity {
private TextView tvData = null;
private Button btnTxt = null;
private Button btnGet = null;
private Button btnPost = null;
private Button btnHttpClient = null;
private Button btnUploadFile = null;
private Button btnReadTxtFile = null;
private Button btnDownloadFile = null;
private ProgressDialog dialog;
//需要将下面的IP改为服务器端IP
private String txtUrl = "http://192.168.56.1:8080/ServiceGetAndPost/servlet/SynTxtDataServlet";
private String url = "http://192.168.56.1:8080/ServiceGetAndPost/servlet/SynDataServlet";
private String uploadUrl = "http://192.168.56.1:8080/ServiceGetAndPost/servlet/UploadFileServlet";
private String fileUrl = "http://192.168.56.1:8080/ServiceGetAndPost/file.jpg";
private String txtFileUrl = "http://192.168.56.1:8080/ServiceGetAndPost/txtFile.txt";
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
tvData = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tvData);
btnTxt = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnTxt);
btnGet = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnGet);
btnPost = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnPost);
btnHttpClient = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnHttpClient);
btnUploadFile = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnUploadFile);
btnReadTxtFile = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnReadTxtFile);
btnDownloadFile = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnDownloadFile);
dialog=new ProgressDialog(this) ;
dialog.setTitle("提示");
dialog.setMessage("正在下载，请稍后。。。");
dialog.setProgressStyle(ProgressDialog.STYLE_HORIZONTAL);
dialog.setCancelable(false);
btnTxt.setOnClickListener(btnListener);
btnGet.setOnClickListener(btnListener);
btnPost.setOnClickListener(btnListener);
btnHttpClient.setOnClickListener(btnListener);
btnUploadFile.setOnClickListener(btnListener);
btnReadTxtFile.setOnClickListener(btnListener);
btnDownloadFile.setOnClickListener(btnListener);
}
OnClickListener btnListener = new OnClickListener() {
String retStr = "";
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
switch (v.getId()) {
case R.id.btnTxt:
new MyTask1().execute(txtUrl);
break;
case R.id.btnGet:
new MyTask2().execute(url);
break;
case R.id.btnPost:
new MyTask3().execute(url);
break;
case R.id.btnHttpClient:
new MyTask4().execute(url);
break;
case R.id.btnUploadFile:
// 需要在sdcard中放一张image.jsp的图片,本例才能正确运行
new MyTask5().execute(uploadUrl);
break;
case R.id.btnReadTxtFile:
new MyTask6().execute(txtFileUrl);
break;
case R.id.btnDownloadFile:
new MyTask7().execute(fileUrl);
break;
default:
break;
}
tvData.setText(retStr);
}
};
public class MyTask1 extends AsyncTask<String, Integer, String>{
@Override
protected String doInBackground(String... arg0) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
String result=null;
Student student = new Student();
student.setId(1);
student.setName("李坤");
student.setClasses("五期信息技术提高班");
Gson gson = new Gson();
String jsonTxt = gson.toJson(student);
try {
result = NetTool.sendTxt(arg0[0], jsonTxt,"UTF-8");
} catch (Exception e2) {
e2.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onPostExecute(result);
dialog.dismiss();
tvData.setText(result);
Toast.makeText(AppClientActivity.this, "-->>"+result, 1).show();
}
@Override
protected void onPreExecute() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onPreExecute();
dialog.show();
}
@Override
protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... values) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onProgressUpdate(values);
dialog.setProgress(values[0]);
}
}
public class MyTask2 extends AsyncTask<String, Integer, String>{
@Override
protected String doInBackground(String... arg0) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
String result=null;
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
map.put("name", "李坤");
map.put("age", "26");
map.put("classes", "五期信息技术提高班");
try {
result = NetTool.sendGetRequest(arg0[0], map, "utf-8");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onPostExecute(result);
dialog.dismiss();
tvData.setText(result);
Toast.makeText(AppClientActivity.this, "-->>"+result, 1).show();
}
@Override
protected void onPreExecute() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onPreExecute();
dialog.show();
}
@Override
protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... values) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onProgressUpdate(values);
dialog.setProgress(values[0]);
}
}
public class MyTask3 extends AsyncTask<String, Integer, String>{
@Override
protected String doInBackground(String... arg0) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
String result=null;
Map<String, String> map2 = new HashMap<String, String>();
map2.put("name", "李坤");
map2.put("age", "26");
map2.put("classes", "五期信息技术提高班");
try {
result = NetTool.sendPostRequest(arg0[0], map2, "utf-8");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onPostExecute(result);
dialog.dismiss();
tvData.setText(result);
Toast.makeText(AppClientActivity.this, "-->>"+result, 1).show();
}
@Override
protected void onPreExecute() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onPreExecute();
dialog.show();
}
@Override
protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... values) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onProgressUpdate(values);
dialog.setProgress(values[0]);
}
}
public class MyTask4 extends AsyncTask<String, Integer, String>{
@Override
protected String doInBackground(String... arg0) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
String result=null;
Map<String, String> map3 = new HashMap<String, String>();
map3.put("name", "李坤");
map3.put("age", "26");
map3.put("classes", "五期信息技术提高班");
try {
result = NetTool.sendHttpClientPost(arg0[0], map3, "utf-8");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onPostExecute(result);
dialog.dismiss();
tvData.setText(result);
Toast.makeText(AppClientActivity.this, "-->>"+result, 1).show();
}
@Override
protected void onPreExecute() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onPreExecute();
dialog.show();
}
@Override
protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... values) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onProgressUpdate(values);
dialog.setProgress(values[0]);
}
}
public class MyTask5 extends AsyncTask<String, Integer, String>{
@Override
protected String doInBackground(String... arg0) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
String result=null;
try {
result = NetTool.sendFile(arg0[0], "/sdcard/image.jpg",
"image1.jpg");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onPostExecute(result);
dialog.dismiss();
tvData.setText(result);
Toast.makeText(AppClientActivity.this, "-->>"+result, 1).show();
}
@Override
protected void onPreExecute() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onPreExecute();
dialog.show();
}
@Override
protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... values) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onProgressUpdate(values);
dialog.setProgress(values[0]);
}
}
public class MyTask6 extends AsyncTask<String, Integer, String>{
@Override
protected String doInBackground(String... arg0) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
String result=null;
try {
//本例中服务器端的文件类型是UTF-8
result = NetTool.readTxtFile(arg0[0], "UTF-8");
} catch (Exception e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onPostExecute(result);
dialog.dismiss();
tvData.setText(result);
Toast.makeText(AppClientActivity.this, "-->>"+result, 1).show();
}
@Override
protected void onPreExecute() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onPreExecute();
dialog.show();
}
@Override
protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... values) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onProgressUpdate(values);
dialog.setProgress(values[0]);
}
}
public class MyTask7 extends AsyncTask<String, Integer, String>{
@Override
protected String doInBackground(String... arg0) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
String result=null;
try {
NetTool.downloadFile(arg0[0], "/download", "newfile.jpg");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onPostExecute(result);
dialog.dismiss();
tvData.setText(result);
Toast.makeText(AppClientActivity.this, "-->>"+result, 1).show();
}
@Override
protected void onPreExecute() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onPreExecute();
dialog.show();
}
@Override
protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... values) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onProgressUpdate(values);
dialog.setProgress(values[0]);
}
}
}这样就可以实现客户端与服务器端的数据交互
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