Matlab 关于plot设置

原文地址：/article/7655926.html

以前Matlab作图时，要设置好多的变量， 如标题，x轴，y轴间隔， 字体，线条等等特性的设置。这些在写的时候比较麻烦， 今天写了一个集成的函数，直接包含了一个基本的特性，只要用结构体包含进来就可以了。非常的方便。

例子1

代码

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% Demo shows how to:

% 1. use cell arrays when lines have different length

% 2. use repeating sequence of markers/colors/lineStyles

% 3. truncate axes to partially-specified limits

clear all

close all

%% Generate some data

maxIter = 200;

optTol = 1e-6;

err0 = 10000;

rho = .04;

rho2 = .04:.005:1;

for k = 1:maxIter

err1(k) = err0/sqrt(k);

if err1(k) < optTol

break;

end

end

for k = 1:maxIter

err2(k) = err0/k;

if err2(k) < optTol

break;

end

end

for k = 1:maxIter

err3(k) = err0/k^2;

if err3(k) < optTol

break;

end

end

for k = 1:maxIter

err4(k) = err0*(1-rho)^k;

if err4(k) < optTol

break;

end

end

for k = 1:maxIter

err5(k) = err0*(1-sqrt(rho))^k;

if err5(k) < optTol

break;

end

end

for k = 1:maxIter

err6(k) = err0*prod(1-rho2(1:k));

if err6(k) < optTol

break;

end

end

% Note: yData does not have same length, and is stored as cell array

xData = 1:maxIter;

yData{1} = err1;

yData{2} = err2;

yData{3} = err3;

yData{4} = err4;

yData{5} = err5;

yData{6} = err6;

legendStr = {'Sublinear1','Sublinear2','Sublinear3','Linear1','Linear2','Superlinear'};

%% Pretty Plot

figure;

options.logScale = 2;

% Note: prettyPlot will cycle through the given colors/lineStyles/markers

options.colors = [1 0 0

0 1 0

0 0 1];

options.lineStyles = {':','--','-'};

options.markers = {'o','s'};

% Note: we will truncate the lower y-axis limit but not the upper limit

options.ylimits = [1e-6 inf];

options.markerSpacing = [25 1

25 11

25 21

25 5

25 15

25 8];

options.xlabel = 'Iteration Number'; %% 设置的坐标

options.ylabel = 'Error';

options.legend = legendStr; %% 设置Graph legend

options.legendLoc = 'SouthWest'; %% 位置

%% 另外自己也可以写好多的函数。。。。。。很方便。

prettyPlot(xData,yData,options);

print -dpdf prettyPlot2.pdf

效果图：



关于prettyplot函数：

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function [] = prettyPlot(xData,yData,options)

% prettyPlot(xData,yData,options)

%

% available options:

% legend - cell array containing legend entries (default = [])

% title - string containing plot title (default = [])

% xlabel - string containing x-axis label (default = [])

% ylabel - string containing y-axis label (default = [])

% lineWidth - width of lines (default = 3)

% colors - cell array or (n by 3) matrix containing line colors (default = 'b')

% lineStyles - cell array containing line styles (default = '-')

% markerSize - size of markers (default = [])

% markers - cell array containing markers (default = [])

% markerSpacing - (n by 2) matrix containing spacing between markers and offset for first marker

% xlimits - 2-vector containing lower and upper limits for x-axis (can be inf to show full range)

% ylimits - 2-vector containing lower and upper limits for y-axis (can be inf to show full range)

% logScale - can be 0 (regular scale), 1 (semilogx), or 2 (semilogy)

% legendLoc - location of legend (default = 'Best')

% useLines - whether to use lines (default = 1)

% fillFace - whether to fill markers (default = 1)

% errors - (n by p by 2) array containing upper and lower error lines

% errorStyle - line style for error bars

if nargin < 3

options = [];

end

[legendStr,plotTitle,plotXlabel,plotYlabel,lineWidth,colors,lineStyles,...

markerSize,markers,markerSpacing,xlimits,ylimits,logScale,legendLoc,...

useLines,fillFace,errors,errorStyle,errorColors] = ...

myProcessOptions(options,'legend',[],'title',[],'xlabel',[],'ylabel',[],...

'lineWidth',3,'colors',[],'lineStyles',[],...

'markerSize',12,'markers',[],'markerSpacing',[],...

'xlimits',[],'ylimits',[],...

'logScale',0,'legendLoc','Best','useLines',1,'fillFace',1,...

'errors',[],'errorStyle',{'--'},'errorColors',[]);

if logScale == 1

plotFunc = @semilogx;

elseif logScale == 2

plotFunc = @semilogy;

else

plotFunc = @plot;

end

if useLines == 0

defaultStyle = 'b.';

else

defaultStyle = 'b';

end

if iscell(yData)

nLines = length(yData);

else

nLines = size(yData,1);

end

for i = 1:nLines

% Get yData for line

if iscell(yData)

y{i} = yData{i};

else

y{i} = yData(i,:);

end

% Get xData for line

if isempty(xData)

x{i} = 1:length(y);

elseif iscell(xData)

x{i} = xData{i};

elseif size(xData,1) == 1

x{i} = xData(1:length(y{i}));

else

x{i} = xData(i,:);

end

% Plot

h(i) = plotFunc(x{i},y{i},defaultStyle);

hold on;

end

if isempty(markerSpacing)

for i = 1:length(h)

h(i) = applyStyle(h(i),i,lineWidth,colors,lineStyles,markers,markerSpacing);

end

else

for i = 1:length(h)

h(i) = applyStyle(h(i),i,lineWidth,colors,lineStyles,markers,markerSpacing);

if ~isempty(markers) && ~isempty(markers{1+mod(i-1,length(markers))})

hM = plotFunc(x{i}(markerSpacing(i,2):markerSpacing(i,1):end),y{i}(markerSpacing(i,2):markerSpacing(i,1):end),'b.');

applyStyle(hM,i,lineWidth,colors,[],markers,[]);

hM = plotFunc(x{i}(markerSpacing(i,2)),y{i}(markerSpacing(i,2)),defaultStyle);

h(i) = applyStyle(hM,i,lineWidth,colors,lineStyles,markers,[]);

end

end

end

if ~isempty(errors)

if isempty(errorColors)

errorColors = colors+.75;

errorColors(:) = min(errorColors(:),1);

end

for i = 1:length(h)

hL = plotFunc(x{i},errors{i,1},defaultStyle);

hU = plotFunc(x{i},errors{i,2},defaultStyle);

applyStyle(hL,i,lineWidth,errorColors,errorStyle,[],markerSpacing);

applyStyle(hU,i,lineWidth,errorColors,errorStyle,[],markerSpacing);

end

end

set(gca,'FontName','AvantGarde','FontWeight','normal','FontSize',12);

if ~isempty(legendStr)

h = legend(h,legendStr);

set(h,'FontSize',10,'FontWeight','normal');

set(h,'Location','Best');

set(h,'Location',legendLoc);

end

if ~isempty(plotTitle)

h = title(plotTitle);

set(h,'FontName','AvantGarde','FontSize',12,'FontWeight','bold');

end

if ~isempty(plotXlabel) || ~isempty(plotYlabel)

h1 = xlabel(plotXlabel);

h2 = ylabel(plotYlabel);

set([h1 h2],'FontName','AvantGarde','FontSize',12,'FontWeight','normal');

end

set(gca, ...

'Box' , 'on' , ...

'TickDir' , 'out' , ...

'TickLength' , [.02 .02] , ...

'XMinorTick' , 'off' , ...

'YMinorTick' , 'off' , ...

'LineWidth' , 1 );

if ~isempty(xlimits)

xl = xlim;

xlimits(xlimits == -inf) = xl(1);

xlimits(xlimits == inf) = xl(2);

xlim(xlimits);

end

if ~isempty(ylimits)

yl = ylim;

ylimits(ylimits == -inf) = yl(1);

ylimits(ylimits == inf) = yl(2);

ylim(ylimits);

end

set(gcf, 'PaperPositionMode', 'auto');

function [h] = applyStyle(h,i,lineWidth,colors,lineStyles,markers,markerSpacing)

hold on;

set(h,'LineWidth',lineWidth);

if ~isempty(colors)

if iscell(colors)

set(h,'Color',colors{1+mod(i-1,length(colors))});

else

set(h,'Color',colors(1+mod(i-1,size(colors,1)),:));

end

end

if ~isempty(lineStyles) && useLines

if isempty(lineStyles)

set(h,'LineStyle','-');

else

if ~isempty(lineStyles{1+mod(i-1,length(lineStyles))})

set(h,'LineStyle',lineStyles{1+mod(i-1,length(lineStyles))});

end

end

end

if ~isempty(markers)

if ~isempty(markers{1+mod(i-1,length(markers))})

if isempty(markerSpacing)

set(h,'Marker',markers{1+mod(i-1,length(markers))});

set(h,'MarkerSize',markerSize);

if fillFace

set(h,'MarkerFaceColor',[1 1 .9]);

end

end

end

end

end

end

非常的方便啦。。可以直接调用。

例子 2：

[cpp] view
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clear all; close all;

figure; hold on; set(gca,'FontSize',16); set(gca,'FontName','Times'); set(gcf,'Color',[1,1,1]);

xlabel('x');ylabel('y');title('a family plot with nice legend');

x = (1:1000);

xMid = (x(1)+2*x(end))/3;

parVals = [1 1.5 2 3];

num_Markers = 8; %<--------

LineTypes = {'-.','-','--'};

MarkerTypes = {'h','o','s','d','^','v','>','<','p'};

colors = {'m','r','b',[1 1 1]*0.5};

for ip=1:length(parVals)

col = colors{1+mod(ip,length(colors))};

ls = LineTypes{1+mod(ip,length(LineTypes))};

lm = MarkerTypes{1+mod(ip,length(MarkerTypes))};

g = parVals(ip);

y = 1 + 1/g*abs(1e4./(xMid + (x-xMid/g).^(2-0.2*g))); % a function that changes with parameter g

legCell{ip} = ['fA, g=',num2str(g)]; %legend text

[p1,p2,p3] = line_fewer_markers(x,y,num_Markers,'color',col,'linestyle',ls, 'linewidth',2, 'marker', lm, 'markerfacecolor',col,'LockOnMax',1,'Spacing','curve','parent',gca);

end

lh = legend(legCell,'Location','NorthWest');

效果：



[cpp] view
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clear all; close all;

figure; hold on; set(gca,'FontSize',16); set(gca,'FontName','Times'); set(gcf,'Color',[1,1,1]);

xlabel('x');ylabel('y');title('a family plot with nice legend');

t = 0:0.005:pi;

line_fewer_markers(t*180/pi,cos(t) ,9, '--bs','spacing','curve');

line_fewer_markers(t*180/pi,sin(t) ,9, '-.ro','MFC','g','Mks',6,'linewidth',2);

grey1 = [1 1 1]*0.5;

line_fewer_markers(t*180/pi,sin(t).*cos(t) ,15, ':','Mk','p','color',grey1,'MFC',grey1,'linewidth',2,'LockOnMax',1);

leg = legend('cos','sin','sin*cos','location','best');

效果：



[cpp] view
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clear all; close all;

figure; hold on; set(gca,'FontSize',16); set(gca,'FontName','Times'); set(gcf,'Color',[1,1,1]);

xlabel('x');ylabel('y');title('a family plot with nice legend');

t = 0:0.005:pi;

grey1 = [1 1 1]*0.5;

% line_fewer_markers(t*180/pi,cos(t) ,9, '--bs','spacing','curve');

% line_fewer_markers(t*180/pi,sin(t) ,9, '-.ro','MFC','g','Mks',6,'linewidth',2);

% line_fewer_markers(t*180/pi,sin(t).*cos(t) ,15, ':','Mk','p','color',grey1,'MFC',grey1,'linewidth',2,'LockOnMax',1);

line_fewer_markers(t*180/pi,cos(t) ,9, '--bs','spacing','curve','LegendLine','off');

line_fewer_markers(t*180/pi,sin(t) ,9, '-.ro','MFC','g','Mks',6,'linewidth',2,'LegendLine','off');

line_fewer_markers(t*180/pi,sin(t).*cos(t) ,15, ':','Mk','p','color',grey1,'MFC',grey1,'linewidth',2,'LockOnMax',1,'LegendLine','off');

leg = legend('cos','sin','sin*cos','location','best');

效果：



% line_fewer_markers 函数：

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% line_fewer_markers - line with controlled amount of markers and correct legend behaviour

%

% LINE_FEWER_MARKERS(X,Y,NUM_MARKERS) adds the line in vectors X and Y to the current axes

% with exactly NUM_MARKERS markers drawn.

%

% LINE_FEWER_MARKERS(X,Y,NUM_MARKERS,'PropertyName',PropertyValue,...) plots the data

% stored in the vectors X and Y.

%

% LINE_FEWER_MARKERS returns handles to LINE/MARKER objects.

%

% [H1,H2,H3] = LINE_FEWER_MARKERS(X,Y,NUM_MARKERS,'PropertyName',PropertyValue,...)

% performs the actions as above and returns the handles of all the plotted lines/markers.

% H1 = handle to the main marker(1 point); it may be put in array and used with legend

% H2 = handle to the continuous line (as in H2=plot())

% H3 = handle to all other markers

%

% Property/Value pairs and descriptions:

%

% Spacing - 'x' : ordinary uniform along x

% - 'curve' : equal lengths along curve y(x)

%

% LockOnMax - 0 : first marker on 1st data point

% - 1 : offset all markers such that one marker on first max of y(x)

%

% LegendLine - 'on' : default, reproduce linestyle also in legend

% - 'off' : shows only marker in legend

%

% LineSpec: same as for LINE: LineStyle,LineWidth,Marker,MarkerSize,MarkerFaceColor...

%

%

% Example: plot 3 curves with 9,9, and 15 markers each, using different input styles

%

% figure; hold on;

% t = 0:0.005:pi;

% line_fewer_markers(t*180/pi,cos(t) ,9, '--bs','spacing','curve');

% line_fewer_markers(t*180/pi,sin(t) ,9, '-.ro','MarkerFaceColor','g', ...

% 'markersize',6,'linewidth',2);

% grey1 = [1 1 1]*0.5;

% line_fewer_markers(t*180/pi,sin(t).*cos(t) ,15, ':','marker','h','color',grey1, ...

% 'markerfacecolor',grey1,'linewidth',2,'LockOnMax',1);

% leg = legend('cos','sin','sin*cos','location','best');

%

% Inspired by Ioannis Filippidis's answer:

% http://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/answers/2165-too-many-markers
%

% rev.3, Massimo Ciacci, August 19, 2013

%

function [H1,H2,H3] = line_fewer_markers(x,y,num_Markers, varargin)

%% find marker spec in varargin and remove it; extract special params: LockOnMax,Spacing

if mod(length(varargin),2)

if ischar(varargin{1})

linspec = varargin{1};

extraArgs = varargin(2:end);

[varargInNoMk,varargInNoMkNoLn,lm,ms,mfc,LockOnMax,Spacing,LegendLine] = parseargsLineSpec(linspec,extraArgs);

else

error('odd sized [param | val] list, missing one param ?');

end

else

[varargInNoMk,varargInNoMkNoLn,lm,ms,mfc,LockOnMax,Spacing,LegendLine] = parseargs(varargin{:});

end

%% input size check

if isvector(x) && isvector(y)

% make x,y row vectors

if iscolumn(x), x = x.'; end

if iscolumn(y), y = y.'; end

else

error('line_fewer_markers: input arguments must be 1D vectors');

end

% How the method works: plots 3 times:

% a) once only the line with all points with the style 'r--' and invisible handle,

% b) last time the markers, using fewer points with style 'ro' and again invisible handle.

% c) once with a visible handle, only the first point, using the complete style you specified (e.g. 'r--o')

%% a) once only the line with all points with the style

H2 = line(x ,y ,varargInNoMk{:}); %no markers here

hasbehavior(H2,'legend',0); %prevent to appear in legends!

%% b) last time the markers, using fewer points with style

if (strcmp(Spacing,'x') || strcmp(Spacing,'X'))

ti = round(linspace(1,length(x),num_Markers));

elseif (strcmp(Spacing,'curve') || strcmp(Spacing,'Curve'))

scaleY = 3/4; % 1/1 figure aspect ratio

yNrm = (y-min(y))./(max(y)-min(y))*scaleY; %NORMALIZE y scale in [0 1], height of display is prop to max(abs(y))

xNrm = (x-min(x))./(max(x)-min(x)); %NORMALIZE x scale in [0 1]

if (sum(isinf(yNrm))>0) || sum(isinf(x))>0 %spacing along curve not possible with infinites

ti = round(linspace(1,length(x),num_Markers));

else

t = 1:length(x);

s = [0 cumsum(sqrt(diff(xNrm).^2+diff(yNrm).^2))]; %measures length along the curve

si = (0:num_Markers-1)*s(end)/(num_Markers-1); %equally spaced lengths along the curve

si(end) = s(end); %fix last point to be within the curve

ti = round(interp1(s,t,si)); %find x index of markers

end

else

error('invalid spacing parameter');

end

if LockOnMax

%set one ti on max if found

[Mv,idx] = max(y); idx=idx(1);

[mv,idxti] = min(abs(idx-ti));

deltati = ti(idxti)-idx;

ti = max(1,min(ti-deltati,length(y)));

end

xi = x(ti);

yi = y(ti);

H3 = line(xi,yi,varargInNoMkNoLn{:},'Marker',lm,'MarkerSize',ms,'MarkerFaceColor',mfc,'LineStyle','none'); %plot markers only

hasbehavior(H3,'legend',0); %prevent to appear in legends!

%% c) once with a visible handle, only the first point, using the complete style you specified

if strcmp(LegendLine,'on')

H1 = line(xi(1),yi(1),varargInNoMk{:},'Marker',lm,'MarkerSize',ms,'MarkerFaceColor',mfc);

else

H1 = line(xi(1),yi(1),varargInNoMk{:},'linestyle','none','Marker',lm,'MarkerSize',ms,'MarkerFaceColor',mfc);

end

%-------------------------------------------------------------

% PARSE FUNCTIONS

%-------------------------------------------------------------

% varargInNoMk = list of property pairs, marker specs removed

% varargInNoMkNoLn = list of property pairs, marker specs and line specs removed

function [varargInNoMk,varargInNoMkNoLn,lm,ms,mfc,LockOnMax,Spacing,LegendLine] = parseargs(varargin)

lm =[]; ms =[]; mfc=[]; LockOnMax=[]; Spacing=[]; LegendLine=[];

varargInNoMk = {};

varargInNoMkNoLn = {};

arg_index = 1;

while arg_index <= length(varargin)

arg = varargin{arg_index};

% extract special params and marker specs from arg list

if strcmp(arg,'marker') || strcmp(arg,'Marker') || strcmp(arg,'Mk') || strcmp(arg,'mk')

lm = varargin{arg_index+1};

elseif strcmp(arg,'MarkerSize') || strcmp(arg,'markersize') || strcmp(arg,'Mks') || strcmp(arg,'mks')

ms = varargin{arg_index+1};

elseif strcmp(arg,'MarkerFaceColor') || strcmp(arg,'markerfacecolor')||strcmp(arg,'MFC')||strcmp(arg,'mfc')

mfc = varargin{arg_index+1};

elseif strcmp(arg,'LockOnMax') || strcmp(arg,'lockonmax')

LockOnMax = varargin{arg_index+1};

elseif strcmp(arg,'Spacing') || strcmp(arg,'spacing')

Spacing = varargin{arg_index+1};

elseif strcmp(arg,'LegendLine') || strcmp(arg,'legendline')

LegendLine = varargin{arg_index+1};

else

% keep other params in arg list for line command

varargInNoMk = {varargInNoMk{:}, varargin{arg_index}, varargin{arg_index+1}};

if ~strcmp(arg,'LineStyle') && ~strcmp(arg,'linestyle')

% exclude line params for marker only plot

varargInNoMkNoLn = {varargInNoMkNoLn{:}, varargin{arg_index}, varargin{arg_index+1}};

end

end

arg_index = arg_index + 2;

end

%EXTRA DEFAULTS ARE SET HERE

if isempty(lm), lm = 'o' ; end

if isempty(ms), ms = 10 ; end

if isempty(mfc), mfc = 'none'; end

if isempty(LockOnMax), LockOnMax = 1 ; end

if isempty(Spacing), Spacing = 'x' ; end %%'x' -> marker delta-x constant; 'curve' : spacing constant along the curve length

if isempty(LegendLine), LegendLine = 'on' ; end

%-------------------------------------------------------------

% Parse LineSpec string and other arguments

% varargInNoMk = list of property pairs, marker specs removed

% varargInNoMkNoLn = list of property pairs, marker specs and line specs removed

function [varargInNoMk,varargInNoMkNoLn,lm,ms,mfc,LockOnMax,Spacing,LegendLine] = parseargsLineSpec(linspec, extraArgs)

% b blue . point - solid

% g green o circle : dotted

% r red x x-mark -. dashdot

% c cyan + plus -- dashed

% m magenta * star (none) no line

% y yellow s square

% k black d diamond

% w white v triangle (down)

% ^ triangle (up)

% < triangle (left)

% > triangle (right)

% p pentagram

% h hexagram

varargInNoMk = {};

varargInNoMkNoLn = {};

foundLine = false;

stringSearch = {'-.','--','-',':'};

for ii=1:4

if strfind(linspec, stringSearch{ii})

foundLine = true;

ls = stringSearch{ii};

linspec = setdiff(linspec,ls);

break

end

end

if foundLine

varargInNoMk = {varargInNoMk{:},'lineStyle',ls};

else

varargInNoMk = {varargInNoMk{:},'lineStyle','-'};

end

if ~isempty(linspec)

foundCol = false;

stringSearch = {'b','g','r','c','m','y','k','w'};

for ii=1:8

if strfind(linspec, stringSearch{ii})

foundCol = true;

colspec = stringSearch{ii};

linspec = setdiff(linspec,colspec);

break

end

end

if foundCol

varargInNoMk = {varargInNoMk{:},'color',colspec};

varargInNoMkNoLn = {varargInNoMkNoLn{:},'color',colspec};

end

end

if ~isempty(linspec)

foundMk = false;

stringSearch = {'.','o','x','+','*','s','d','v','^','<','>','p','h'};

for ii=1:13

if strfind(linspec, stringSearch{ii})

foundMk = true;

mkspec = stringSearch{ii};

break

end

end

if foundMk, lm = mkspec; else lm = 'none'; end

else

lm = 'none';

end

[extraArgs1,unused,lm2,ms,mfc,LockOnMax,Spacing,LegendLine] = parseargs(extraArgs{:});

if strcmp(lm,'none') && ~strcmp(lm2,'none') %if other marker specified in Property Pairs take that one

lm = lm2;

end

varargInNoMk = {varargInNoMk{:},extraArgs1{:}};

varargInNoMkNoLn = {varargInNoMkNoLn{:},extraArgs1{:}};