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RMAN冷备份异机还原

2015-05-12 22:58 190 查看

1：环境准备在新的服务器上安装ORACLE实例，安装过程中需要注意源服务器与目标服务器的ORACLE_SID一致，另外确保安装路径与源路径一致（不仅是安装目录，甚至包括数据文件、控制文件目录、联机重做日志文件所在目录都要注意）。如果不一致相当麻烦，需要修改spfile。2：RMAN做冷备份使用cold_backup.sh将数据库备份到/u04/migration目录下面mkdir-p/u04/migration
mkdir-p/u04/migration/logcat/u04/migration/cold_backup.sh

exportORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1

exportORACLE_SID=SCM2

exportCATALOG=NOCATALOG

exportPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

exportLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

rmantarget/log=/u04/migration/log/rman_coldbackup_db_EELSCM2_20150510.log<<EOF

sql'altersystemcheckpoint';

shutdownimmediate;

startupmount;

sql"createpfile=''/u04/migration/pfile`date+%d%m%Y`.ora''fromspfile";

RUN{

ALLOCATECHANNELdisk1DEVICETYPEDISKFORMAT'/u04/migration/%U';

ALLOCATECHANNELdisk2DEVICETYPEDISKFORMAT'/u04/migration/%U';

ALLOCATECHANNELdisk3DEVICETYPEDISKFORMAT'/u04/migration/%U';

BACKUPASCOMPRESSEDBACKUPSETDATABASE;

BACKUPCURRENTCONTROLFILEFORMAT'/u04/migration/cntrl_%s_%p_%t';

RELEASECHANNELdisk1;

RELEASECHANNELdisk2;

RELEASECHANNELdisk3;

3：RMAN做还原操作
1：首先将备份文件拷贝到目标服务器上，如下所示

[oracle@DB-Servermigration]$ls-lrt

total25205332

-rw-r-----1oracleoinstall1378779136May1018:564eq6j632_1_1

-rw-r-----1oracleoinstall1971355648May1019:334fq6j6dr_1_1

-rw-r-----1oracleoinstall993918976May1019:524jq6j6v2_1_1

-rw-r-----1oracleoinstall9338880May1019:534mq6j79h_1_1

-rw-r-----1oracleoinstall2445590528May1020:394bq6j5gu_1_1

-rw-r-----1oracleoinstall1682866176May1021:124hq6j6rj_1_1

-rw-r-----1oracleoinstall2082570240May1021:534gq6j6ea_1_1

-rw-r-----1oracleoinstall1440210944May1022:224dq6j629_1_1

-rw-r-----1oracleoinstall21495808May1022:22cntrl_16535_1_879337140

drwxr-xr-x2oracleoinstall4096May1100:20log

-rw-r-----1oracleoinstall6072287232May1100:204aq6j5gu_1_1

-rwxr-xr-x1oracleoinstall814May1101:10cold_backup.sh

-rw-r-----1oracleoinstall2605039616May1101:104cq6j5gu_1_1

-rw-r-----1oracleoinstall1613660160May1101:414kq6j771_1_1

-rw-r-----1oracleoinstall1230159872May1102:054iq6j6tb_1_1

-rw-r-----1oracleoinstall2237693952May1102:484lq6j784_1_1

-rw-r--r--1oracleoinstall1542May1110:03pfile20150510.ora

-rw-r--r--1oracleoinstall195May1111:28restore.sh

[oracle@getlnx14migration]$

2：给oracle账号对应目录授予相关权限。
2.1由于一些数据文件位于/u02、/u03、/u04目录下面.在root目录下面创建这几个目录，并授权给ORACLE用户。
mkdir/u02
mkdir/u03
mkdir/u04
chown-Roracle:oinstall/u02/u03/u04
2.2由于安装时选择了“仅安装数据库软件”，所以需要按照源服务器的目录设置下面路径

[oracle@DB-Serveroracle]$ls

oraInventoryproduct

[oracle@DB-Serveroracle]$mkdiradmin

[oracle@DB-Serveroracle]$cdadmin/

[oracle@DB-Serveradmin]$mkdirSCM2

[oracle@DB-Serveradmin]$cdSCM2/

[oracle@DB-ServerSCM2]$ls

[oracle@DB-ServerSCM2]$mkdirudump

[oracle@DB-ServerSCM2]$mkdiradump

[oracle@DB-ServerSCM2]$mkdircdump

[oracle@DB-ServerSCM2]$mkdirdpdump

[oracle@DB-ServerSCM2]$mkdirpfile

[oracle@DB-ServerSCM2]$mkdirbdump

案例遇到的错误1：

RMAN>@restore.sh

RMAN>run

2>{

3>startuppfile='/u04/migration/pfile20150510.ora'nomount;

4>restorecontrolfilefrom'cntrl_16535_1_879337140';

5>alterdatabasemount;

6>restoredatabase;

7>alterdatabaseopenresetlogs;

8>}

RMAN-00571:===========================================================

RMAN-00569:===============ERRORMESSAGESTACKFOLLOWS===============

RMAN-00571:===========================================================

RMAN-03002:failureofstartupcommandat05/12/201515:48:00

RMAN-04014:startupfailed:ORA-16032:parameterLOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1destinationstringcannotbetranslated

ORA-07286:sksagdi:cannotobtaindeviceinformation.

Linux-x86_64Error:2:Nosuchfileordirectory

RMAN>

RMAN>**end-of-file**

在源数据库查看参数LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1，发现联机重做日志的归档日志位于/u04/backup/archive。而目标服务器没有/u04/backup/archive这个目录，需要创建对应的目录。

SQL>showparameterLOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1

NAMETYPEVALUE

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

log_archive_dest_1stringLOCATION=/u04/backup/archive

log_archive_dest_10string

SQL>

案例遇到的错误2：

出现上面错误是因为安装时选择了“仅安装数据库软件”，对应的background_dump_dest、audit_file_dest目录都没有，查看pfile文件，创建对应的目录问题解决

[oracle@DB-Serveroracle]$ls

oraInventoryproduct

[oracle@DB-Serveroracle]$mkdiradmin

[oracle@DB-Serveroracle]$cdadmin/

[oracle@DB-Serveradmin]$mkdirSCM2

[oracle@DB-Serveradmin]$cdSCM2/

[oracle@DB-ServerSCM2]$ls

[oracle@DB-ServerSCM2]$mkdirudump

[oracle@DB-ServerSCM2]$mkdiradump

[oracle@DB-ServerSCM2]$mkdircdump

[oracle@DB-ServerSCM2]$mkdirdpdump

[oracle@DB-ServerSCM2]$mkdirpfile

[oracle@DB-ServerSCM2]$mkdirbdump

案例遇到的错误3：

RMAN>@restore.sh

RMAN>run

2>{

3>startuppfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/pfile20150510.ora'nomount;

4>restorecontrolfilefrom'cntrl_16535_1_879337140';

5>alterdatabasemount;

6>restoredatabase;

7>alterdatabaseopenresetlogs;

8>}

Oracleinstancestarted

TotalSystemGlobalArea12884901888bytes

FixedSize2105920bytes

VariableSize9328135616bytes

DatabaseBuffers3506438144bytes

RedoBuffers48222208bytes

Startingrestoreat12-MAY-15

usingtargetdatabasecontrolfileinsteadofrecoverycatalog

allocatedchannel:ORA_DISK_1

channelORA_DISK_1:sid=987devtype=DISK

RMAN-00571:===========================================================

RMAN-00569:===============ERRORMESSAGESTACKFOLLOWS===============

RMAN-00571:===========================================================

RMAN-03002:failureofrestorecommandat05/12/201515:59:27

RMAN-06172:noautobackupfoundorspecifiedhandleisnotavalidcopyorpiece

RMAN>

RMAN>**end-of-file**

RMAN>

出现这个错误是因为控制文件路径由于编辑时，不小心将路径给忽略了，实际应该为：restorecontrolfilefrom'/u04/migration/cntrl_16535_1_879337140';

run

startuppfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/pfile20150510.ora'nomount;

restorecontrolfilefrom'/u04/migration/cntrl_16535_1_879337140';

alterdatabasemount;

restoredatabase;

alterdatabaseopenresetlogs;

还原过后，对数据库参数进行设置，例如从pfile文件创建spfile。另外，视服务器配置等，调整SGA的一些参数！

参考资料：

http://blog.itpub.net/11411056/viewspace-733456/

http://blog.csdn.net/edwzhang/article/details/8933372

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