Intent 初步认识

1.什么是Intent？

Intent（意图）主要是解决Android应用的各项组件之间的通讯（Android中的组件包括Activity（UI组件）、service（后台代码）、广播接收程序（相应广播消息的代码）和ContentProvider（能够抽象数据的代码））。简单的说：Intent是具有祥光的数据负载的操作；

2.Intent的简单用法：

(1).在activity里实现2个activity之间的跳转及传输数据：

[code]Intent intent = new Intent ();
 intent.setClass(ActivityA.this,ActivityB.class);
//以key——value形式传递
intent.putExtra("name","String");//String型
intent.putExtra("Num",2);//int 型
intent.putExtra("Is",true)//boolean 型
intent. putExtras(key, (Serializable)list);//传list时，把list强转成Serializable类型
startActivity(intent);

[code]//接收时
Intent intent = getIntent();
intent.getStringExtra("name");//String 型
intent.getIntExtra("Num", 0);//int型
intent.getBooleanExtra("Is", false);//boolean 需要默认值
 (List<YourObject>) intent.getSerializable(key)  //就可以接受到List<YourObject>数据了,YourObject类必须要实现Serializable接口

(2).Android中可用的Intent（参考链接内容）：

[code]显示网页:Uri uri = Uri.parse("http://www.google.com"); 
Intent it   = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW,uri); 
startActivity(it); 

显示地图:
Uri uri = Uri.parse("geo:38.899533,-77.036476"); 
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.Action_VIEW,uri); 
startActivity(it); 

路径规划:
Uri uri = Uri.parse("http://maps.google.com/maps?f=d&saddr=startLat%20startLng&daddr=endLat%20endLng&hl=en"); 
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW,URI); 
startActivity(it); 

拨打电话:
调用拨号程序
Uri uri = Uri.parse("tel:xxxxxx"); 
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_DIAL, uri);   
startActivity(it);   
Uri uri = Uri.parse("tel.xxxxxx"); 
Intent it =new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL,uri); 
要使用这个必须在配置文件中加入<uses-permission id="android.permission.CALL_PHONE" /> 

发送SMS/MMS
调用发送短信的程序

Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW); 
it.putExtra("sms_body", "The SMS text"); 
it.setType("vnd.android-dir/mms-sms"); 
startActivity(it);  

发送短信
Uri uri = Uri.parse("smsto:0800000123"); 
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO, uri); 
it.putExtra("sms_body", "The SMS text"); 
startActivity(it);   

发送彩信
Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://media/external/images/media/23"); 
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND); 
it.putExtra("sms_body", "some text"); 
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uri); 
it.setType("image/png"); 
startActivity(it); 

发送Email
Uri uri = Uri.parse("mailto:xxx@abc.com"); 
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO, uri); 
startActivity(it); 
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND); 
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, "me@abc.com"); 
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "The email body text"); 
it.setType("text/plain"); 
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(it, "Choose Email Client"));   
Intent it=new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);     
String[] tos={"me@abc.com"};     
String[] ccs={"you@abc.com"};     
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, tos);     
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_CC, ccs);     
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "The email body text");     
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "The email subject text");     
it.setType("message/rfc822");     
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(it, "Choose Email Client")); 

添加附件
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND); 
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "The email subject text"); 
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, "file:///sdcard/mysong.mp3"); 
sendIntent.setType("audio/mp3"); 
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(it, "Choose Email Client")); 

播放多媒体
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW); 
Uri uri = Uri.parse("file:///sdcard/song.mp3"); 
it.setDataAndType(uri, "audio/mp3"); 
startActivity(it); 
Uri uri = Uri.withAppendedPath(MediaStore.Audio.Media.INTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, "1"); 
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri); 
startActivity(it);

Uninstall 程序
Uri uri = Uri.fromParts("package", strPackageName, null); 
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_DELETE, uri); 
startActivity(it); 

Install　程序
Uri installUri = Uri.fromParts("package", "xxx", null); 
returnIt = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED, installUri); 

//搜索应用 
Uri uri = Uri.parse("market://search?q=pname:pkg_name");   
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);   
startActivity(it);   
//where pkg_name is the full package path for an application   
//显示指定应用的详细页面（这个好像不支持了，找不到app_id） 
Uri uri = Uri.parse("market://details?id=app_id");   
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);   
startActivity(it);   
//where app_id is the application ID, find the ID   
//by clicking on your application on Market home   
//page, and notice the ID from the address bar 

打开另一程序
Intent i = new Intent();    
   ComponentName cn = new ComponentName("com.drip.android2",    
                   "com.drip.android2.AndroidSearch");    
         i.setComponent(cn);    
         i.setAction("android.intent.action.MAIN");    
         startActivityForResult(i, RESULT_OK); 

打开联系人列表
<1>              
    Intent i = new Intent();    
    i.setAction(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);    
    i.setType("vnd.android.cursor.item/phone");    
    startActivityForResult(i, REQUEST_TEXT);    

   <2>    
   Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://contacts/people");    
   Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK, uri);    
   startActivityForResult(it, REQUEST_TEXT);    
打开录音机
Intent mi = new Intent(Media.RECORD_SOUND_ACTION);    
         startActivity(mi); 

  从gallery选取图片   
Inten t i = new Intent();  
  i.setType("image/*");    
       i.setAction(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);    
       startActivityForResult(i, 11);  

打开照相机
<1>Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CAMERA_BUTTON, null);    
          this.sendBroadcast(i);    
    <2>long dateTaken = System.currentTimeMillis();    
         String name = createName(dateTaken) + ".jpg";    
         fileName = folder + name;    
         ContentValues values = new ContentValues();    
         values.put(Images.Media.TITLE, fileName);    
         values.put("_data", fileName);    
         values.put(Images.Media.PICASA_ID, fileName);    
         values.put(Images.Media.DISPLAY_NAME, fileName);    
         values.put(Images.Media.DESCRIPTION, fileName);    
         values.put(Images.ImageColumns.BUCKET_DISPLAY_NAME, fileName);    
         Uri photoUri = getContentResolver().insert(    
                   MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, values);    

         Intent inttPhoto = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);    
         inttPhoto.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, photoUri);    
         startActivityForResult(inttPhoto, 10);  

播放多媒体
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);    
Uri uri = Uri.parse("file:///sdcard/song.mp3");    
it.setDataAndType(uri, "audio/mp3");    
startActivity(it);    

或者   
Uri uri = Uri.withAppendedPath(MediaStore.Audio.Media.INTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, "1");      
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);      
startActivity(it);    

或者   
Uri playUri = Uri.parse("file:///sdcard/download/everything.mp3");   
returnIt = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, playUri);   
发送Email
Uri uri = Uri.parse("mailto:xxx@abc.com");
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO, uri);
startActivity(it);

或者:
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, address);
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, filename);
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, Uri.parse("file://" + filename)); ;
intent.setType("text/csv");
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(intent, "EMail File"));

或者:
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, "me@abc.com");
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "The email body text");
it.setType("text/plain");
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(it, "Choose Email Client"));

或者:
Intent it=new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
String[] tos={"me@abc.com"};
String[] ccs={"you@abc.com"};
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, tos);
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_CC, ccs);
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "The email body text");
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "The email subject text");
it.setType("message/rfc822");
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(it, "Choose Email Client"));

或者:
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "The email subject text");
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, "file:///sdcard/mysong.mp3");
sendIntent.setType("audio/mp3");
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(it, "Choose Email Client"));

 后台发送短信
注册权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS" />
代码实现 :
// 获取信息内容
String message ;
// 移动运营商允许每次发送的字节数据有限，我们可以使用Android给我们提供 的短信工具。
if (message != null) {
SmsManager sms = SmsManager.getDefault();
// 如果短信没有超过限制长度，则返回一个长度的List。
List<String> texts = sms.divideMessage(message);
for (String text : texts) {
sms.sendTextMessage(“这里是接收者电话号码”,  “这里是发送者电话号码”,  “这里是短信内容”,  null, null);
}
}
//说明
sms.sendTextMessage(destinationAddress, scAddress, text, sentIntent, deliveryIntent)：
destinationAddress:接收方的手机号码
scAddress:发送方的手机号码
text:信息内容
sentIntent:发送是否成功的回执，
DeliveryIntent:接收是否成功的回执，

从google搜索内容
Intent intent = new Intent();    
intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_WEB_SEARCH);    
intent.putExtra(SearchManager.QUERY,"searchString")    
startActivity(intent);

掌握以上内容在一般的开发就够用了！未完待续…