Spring Security身份认证之HelloSpringSecurity（附源码）

在上一篇文档中，对Spring Security中的身份认证的流程和管理进行了详细介绍，本文将从实践的角度告诉大家如何使用最简便的方式用Spring Security进行身份验证。

开发环境如下：
JDK 1.7
Tomcat 7
Eclipse
Spring Security 3.2.5

项目目录结构如下：





1.新建Maven Project，对Maven不熟悉的童鞋请自行充电，现在这个念头不学习Maven绝对是不行的。





2. 在Pom.xml添加相关jar依赖。

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.favccxx.favsecurity</groupId>
<artifactId>HelloSpringSecurity</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>HelloSpringSecurity Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

<properties>
<spring.version>3.2.8.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>

<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 	<dependency> -->
<!-- 		<groupId>org.springframework</groupId> -->
<!-- 		<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> -->
<!-- 		<version>${spring.version}</version> -->
<!-- 	</dependency> -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.freemarker</groupId>
<artifactId>freemarker</artifactId>
<version>2.3.20</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
<version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
<version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>HelloSpringSecurity</finalName>
</build>
</project>

3. 配置web.xml，在容器启动时加载Spring MVC的配置文件与Spring Security的配置文件。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app id="helloSpringSecurity" version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"> <display-name>Hello Spring Security</display-name>

<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>
classpath:springSecurity.xml
</param-value>
</context-param>

<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>

<filter>
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

<servlet>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-context.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

4. SpringSecurity.xml配置文件如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:security="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/security http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-3.2.xsd"> 
<security:http auto-config="true">
<security:intercept-url pattern="/admin" access="ROLE_ADMIN"/>
<security:intercept-url pattern="/confidential" access="ROLE_SUPERADMIN"/>
</security:http>

<security:authentication-manager>
<security:authentication-provider>
<security:user-service>
<security:user name="favccxx" password="favccxx" authorities="ROLE_USER,ROLE_ADMIN"/>
<security:user name="super" password="super" authorities="ROLE_SUPERADMIN"/>
</security:user-service>
</security:authentication-provider>
</security:authentication-manager>

</beans>

5.spring-context.xml配置文件如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd"> 
<mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>

<context:component-scan base-package="com.favccxx.favsecurity.web"></context:component-scan>

<bean id="viewResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.UrlBasedViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass"
value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>

</beans>

6. 新建HelloSpringSecurityController.java文件，代码如下：

package com.favccxx.favsecurity.web;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller
public class HelloSpringSecurityController {

@RequestMapping("/hello")
public ModelAndView hello(){
ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();
mav.addObject("title", "Welcome - Spring Security Hello World");
mav.addObject("message", "This is welcome page!");
mav.setViewName("/hello");
return mav;
}

@RequestMapping(value = { "/", "/welcome" }, method = RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView welcome() {
ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();
mav.addObject("title", "Welcome - Spring Security Hello World");
mav.addObject("message", "This is welcome page!");
mav.setViewName("/hello");
return mav;
}

@RequestMapping(value = "/admin", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView admin() {

ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();
mav.addObject("title", "Admin - Spring Security Hello World");
mav.addObject("message", "This is protected page!");
mav.setViewName("/admin");
return mav;

}

}

}

7. 在/WEB-INF/views文件夹下分别创建admin.jsp和hello.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>${title}</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Title : ${title}</h1>
<h1>Message : ${message}</h1>
<c:if test="${pageContext.request.userPrincipal.name != null}">
<h2>
Welcome : ${pageContext.request.userPrincipal.name} | <a href="<c:url value="/j_spring_security_logout" />"> Logout</a>
</h2>
</c:if>
</body>
</html>

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>${title}</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Title:${title}</h1>
<h1>Message:${message}</h1>
</body>
</html>

8. 系统运行效果图如下









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