MySQL查询优化之profile
2014-12-29 15:39
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MySQL5.0.37版本以上支持PROFILING调试功能,可以了解SQL语句消耗资源的详细信息。因为它需要调用系统的getrusage()函数,所以只是在Linux/Unix类平台上才能使用,而不能在Windows平台上使用。而且,PROFILING是针对处理进程(process)而不是线程(thread)的,服务器上的其他应用,可能会影响调试结果,因此,这个工具适合开发过程中的调试,如果要在生产环境中调试使用,则要注意它的局限性。
1、来查看是否已经启用profilemysql> select @@PROFILING;
+-------------+
| @@PROFILING |
+-------------+
| 0 |
+-------------+
1 row in set (0.03 sec)
如果profilng值为0,可以通过
SET profiling = 1;
来启用。启用profiling之后,我们执行一条查询语句,比如:
mysql> SELECT * FROM mysql.user;
然后show profiles查看如下:
mysql> show profiles;
+----------+------------+--------------------------------+
| Query_ID | Duration | Query |
+----------+------------+--------------------------------+
| 1 | 0.00015400 | select @@PROFILING |
| 2 | 0.00160000 | SELECT * FROM mysql.user |
+----------+------------+--------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
其中ID为2的语句是刚执行的查询语句
2、变量profiling是用户变量,每次都得重新启用。
下面是profile的常用功能:
mysql> use test Database changed mysql> set profiling=1; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 现在开始执行需要测试的SQL语句,MySQL数据库将会记录想关的调试信息 mysql> show tables; +----------------+ | Tables_in_test | +----------------+ | bag_item | | bag_user | | score | | t | +----------------+ 4 rows in set (0.03 sec) mysql> select count(*) from t; +----------+ | count(*) | +----------+ | 2097152 | +----------+ 1 row in set (0.74 sec) 显示当前所有已经记录的PROFILES: mysql> show profiles; +----------+------------+------------------------+ | Query_ID | Duration | Query | +----------+------------+------------------------+ | 1 | 0.02717000 | show tables | | 2 | 0.74770100 | select count(*) from t | +----------+------------+------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) 某个特定查询的耗时,对应上面profiles中的Query_ID: mysql> show profile for query 2; +--------------------------------+----------+ | Status | Duration | +--------------------------------+----------+ | (initialization) | 0.000004 | | checking query cache for query | 0.000044 | | Opening tables | 0.000012 | | System lock | 0.000017 | | Table lock | 0.00003 | | init | 0.000013 | | optimizing | 0.000008 | | statistics | 0.000013 | | preparing | 0.000011 | | executing | 0.000006 | | Sending data | 0.747313 | | end | 0.000014 | | query end | 0.000006 | | storing result in query cache | 0.000006 | | freeing items | 0.000012 | | closing tables | 0.000009 | | logging slow query | 0.000183 | +--------------------------------+----------+ 17 rows in set (0.00 sec) 其他的一些具体的参数: mysql> show profile block io,cpu for query 2; +--------------------------------+----------+----------+------------+--------------+---------------+ | Status | Duration | CPU_user | CPU_system | Block_ops_in | Block_ops_out | +--------------------------------+----------+----------+------------+--------------+---------------+ | (initialization) | 0.000004 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | checking query cache for query | 0.000044 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | Opening tables | 0.000012 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | System lock | 0.000017 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | Table lock | 0.00003 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | init | 0.000013 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | optimizing | 0.000008 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | statistics | 0.000013 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | preparing | 0.000011 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | executing | 0.000006 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | Sending data | 0.747313 | 0.746887 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | end | 0.000014 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | query end | 0.000006 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | storing result in query cache | 0.000006 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | freeing items | 0.000012 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | closing tables | 0.000009 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | logging slow query | 0.000183 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +--------------------------------+----------+----------+------------+--------------+---------------+ 17 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> show profile cpu,block io,memory,swaps,context switches,source for query 2; ……
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