pycharm+django搭建简单blog

0
工程环境

windows8.1
python2.7.8
django1.5

1 创建项目

方法一：命令行创建

django-admin.py startproject myweb

方法二：用pycharm这个IDE来创建





工程目录：



这里pycharm会自动创建模板目录tmplates，并且在settings.py文件中加入这个模板的相对路径，可以手动添加这个目录
在settings里面修改时区为Asia/Shanghai 语言为zh-cn

运行服务：

命令行

manage.py runserver 80
Validating models...

0 errors found
December 28, 2014 - 14:24:38
Django version 1.5.11, using settings 'myweb.settings'
Development server is running at http://127.0.0.1:8000/ Quit the server with CTRL-BREAK.

也可以直接在pycharm里面点击运行，IDE自带的控制台与此显示相同，点击停止就停止服务器

2 创建应用

python manage.py startapp blog

前面的python关键字可省
目录结构：



设置model
打开blog目录下的models.py

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.
class BlogsPost(models.Model):
title=models.CharField(max_length=150)
body=models.TextField()
timestamp=models.DateTimeField()

创建BlogsPost类，继承django.db.models.Model父类，定义三个变量，title （博客标题），body（博客正文），timestamp（博客创建时间）
在settings 的APP选项里面加入blog

3 设置数据库

这里用sqlite3，简单小巧，设置settings文件数据库选项  'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3'   'NAME': 'mydb'   其他项对于sqlite3来说不用填
运行命令创建数据库：

D:\codetest\myweb>python manage.py sql blog
BEGIN;
CREATE TABLE "blog_blogspost" (
"id" integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
"title" varchar(150) NOT NULL,
"body" text NOT NULL,
"timestamp" datetime NOT NULL
)
;

COMMIT;

可以看到自动添加了主键id
运行命令行同步：

D:\codetest\myweb>python manage.py syncdb
Creating tables ...
Creating table auth_permission
Creating table auth_group_permissions
Creating table auth_group
Creating table auth_user_groups
Creating table auth_user_user_permissions
Creating table auth_user
Creating table django_content_type
Creating table django_session
Creating table django_site
Creating table django_admin_log
Creating table blog_blogspost

You just installed Django's auth system, which means you don't have any superusers defined.
Would you like to create one now? (yes/no): yes
Username (leave blank to use 'tashaxing'):
Email address:
Password:
Password (again):
Superuser created successfully.
Installing custom SQL ...
Installing indexes ...
Installed 0 object(s) from 0 fixture(s)

邮箱可不填，用户名不填则默认是系统名

4 设置admin

注意在主站点目录的urls.py中将admin的那行解注释

# Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:
url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),

并且在settings文件里的APP选项中解注释admin

# Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:
'django.contrib.admin',

再次打开myweb/blog/models.py 文件进行修改

from django.db import models
from django.contrib import admin

# Create your models here.
class BlogsPost(models.Model):
title=models.CharField(max_length=150)
body=models.TextField()
timestamp=models.DateTimeField()

admin.site.register(BlogsPost)

官方文档中的方法是在blog目录下新建admin.py然后在里面注册，这里简化了这个步骤，直接写道models.py
修改了models.py之后要同步一下

python manage.py syncdb

启动服务器，在浏览器中输入127.0.0.1/admin，进入管理页面



添加博客



设置admin显示页面，以列表的形式显示博客标题和时间，在models.py中修改

from django.db import models
from django.contrib import admin

# Create your models here.
class BlogsPost(models.Model):
    title=models.CharField(max_length=150)
    body=models.TextField()
    timestamp=models.DateTimeField()

class BlogPostAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ('title','timestamp')

admin.site.register(BlogsPost,BlogPostAdmin)

修改后

5 创建template,view,URL

下面的内容就是创建blog的公共部分，模板，视图，url

在templates目录下创建archive.html

{% for post in posts %}
<h2>{{ post.title }}</h2>
<p>{{ post.timestamp }}</p>
<p>{{ post.body }}</p>
{% endfor%}

创建视图views，打开blog目录下的views.py

from django.shortcuts import render
from django.template import loader,Context
from django.http import HttpResponse
from blog.models import BlogsPost

# Create your views here.
def archive(request):
posts=BlogsPost.objects.all()
t=loader.get_template('archive.html')
c=Context({'posts':posts})
return HttpResponse(t.render(c))

在主站点myweb目录下urls.py中修改

from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url

# Uncomment the next two lines to enable the admin:
from django.contrib import admin
admin.autodiscover()

urlpatterns = patterns('',
# Examples:
# url(r'^$', 'myweb.views.home', name='home'),
# url(r'^myweb/', include('myweb.foo.urls')),

url(r'^blog/',include('blog.urls')),

# Uncomment the admin/doc line below to enable admin documentation:
url(r'^admin/doc/', include('django.contrib.admindocs.urls')),

# Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:
url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),
)

在blog目录下创建urls.py文件，*号表示导入了很多模块比如：patterns, include, url

from django.conf.urls import *
from blog.views import archive

urlpatterns=patterns('',
url(r'^$',archive),
)

由于新增加了文件，要重启服务器，网页如下

6 添加样式

templates目下添加主模板base.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<style type="text/css">
body{color:#efd;background:#453;padding:0 5em;margin:0}
h1{padding:2em 1em;background:#675}
h2{color:#bf8;border-top:1px dotted #fff;margin-top:2em}
p{margin:1em 0}
</style>
<body>
<h1>踏莎行blog</h1>
<h3>疏影横斜水清浅，暗香浮动月黄昏</h3>
{% block content %}
{% endblock %}
</body>
</html>

在archive.html中继承

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block content %}
{% for post in posts %}
<h2>{{  post.title }}</h2>
<p>{{ post.timestamp }}</p>
<p>{{ post.body }}</p>
{% endfor %}
{% endblock %}
</body>
</html>

更新博客页面



但是这样不是很爽，如果变成目录页和具体博客页两级网页多好。下面具体实现。

7 增加页面

views修改

from django.shortcuts import render
from django.template import loader,Context
from django.http import HttpResponse
from blog.models import BlogsPost

# Create your views here.
def index(request):
posts=BlogsPost.objects.all()
t=loader.get_template('bloglist.html')
c=Context({'posts':posts})
return HttpResponse(t.render(c))

def archive(request,blog_id):
p=BlogsPost.objects.get(pk=blog_id)
t=loader.get_template('archive.html')
c=Context({'p':p})
return HttpResponse(t.render(c))

blog/urls.py修改

from django.conf.urls import *
from blog.views import index,archive

urlpatterns=patterns('',
url(r'^$',index),
url(r'^(?P<blog_id>\d+)/$',archive)
)

增加一个目录页模板bloglist.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block content %}
{% for post in posts %}
<h2><a href="/blog/{{ post.id }}" style="color:#00f0ff">{{ post.title }}</a></h2>
{% endfor %}
{% endblock %}
<body>

</body>
</html>

archive.html修改

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block content %}
<h2>{{ p.title }}</h2>
<p>{{ p.timestamp }}</p>
<p>{{ p.body }}</p>
{% endblock %}
</body>
</html>

完工后，最终工程目录：



这样，输入127.0.0.1/blog会进入目录页，点具体目录链接接到具体文章页，如：127.0.0.1/blog/2



后面还可以加主页，404页，加各种酷炫的css样式表，哈哈

源代码下载
CSDN： myweb
github：myweb
ps：吐槽一下csdn的上传gif功能，必须在批量传图的地方传gif才有效，而且要勾上无水印，用编辑区的工具传图gif不动！！