logback,slf4j,log4j, commons-logging

新的公司日志管理统一用logback，由于之前一直在用log4j，所以其实对logback这个由log4j长出来的家伙还不算陌生。

首先介绍下logback的前世今生。

slf4j由log4j作者Ceki开发，逐步取代apahce commons logging。

logback由log4j作者Ceki开发，逐步取代log4j。

slf4j等于commons-logging，是各种日志实现的通用入口，会根据classpath中存在下面哪一个Jar来决定具体的日志实现库。

logback相比较log4j的优势

slf4j支持参数化的logger.error("帐号ID：{}不存在", userId);

告别了if(logger.isDebugEnable()) 时代。

另外logback的整体性能比log4j也较佳，hibernate等项目已经采用了slf4j。

slf4j和logback的使用

1.如果日志的参数超过3个，需要写成

Java代码


Object[] params = {newVal, below, above};

logger.debug("Value {} was inserted between {} and {}.", params);

2.因为内部已优化，作者认为slf4j的logger不需要定义为static。

3.可设置缓存后批量写日志文件(但服务器如果重启，可能会丢失未写到磁盘的记录)

4.MDC，用Filter，将当前用户名等业务信息放入MDC中，在日志format定义中即可使用该变量。

5.JMS Appender用于告警, DB Appender用于业务日志等可以使用插件，如生成Log代码的Eclipse插件Log4E。

6.tomcat和glassfish中，设定日志路径为../logs/xxxx.log 都能将日志放入应用服务器本身的logs目录。

最后把最近完善的一个logback.xml贴上，毕竟实际项目中的文件最能说明问题。

Xml代码


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<configuration>

<substitutionProperty name="log.base" value="d:\\logback\\logback" />

<jmxConfigurator />

<appender name="stdout" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">

<filter class="ch.qos.logback.core.filter.EvaluatorFilter">

<evaluator name="myEval">

<expression>message.contains("dao")</expression>

</evaluator>

<onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>

<onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>

</filter>

<layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout">

<pattern>%date [%thread] %-5level %logger{80} - %msg%n</pattern>

</layout>

</appender>

<appender name="logfile-dao"

class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">

<filter class="ch.qos.logback.core.filter.EvaluatorFilter">

<evaluator name="myEval_dao">

<expression>message.contains("dao")</expression>

</evaluator>

<onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>

<onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>

</filter>

<Encoding>UTF-8</Encoding>

<File>${log.base}_dao.log</File>

<rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">

<FileNamePattern>${log.base}.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}_dao.log.zip

</FileNamePattern>

</rollingPolicy>

<layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout">

<pattern>%date [%thread] %-5level %logger{80} - %msg%n</pattern>

</layout>

</appender>

<appender name="logfile-service"

class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">

<filter class="ch.qos.logback.core.filter.EvaluatorFilter">

<evaluator name="myEval_service">

<expression>message.contains("service.impl")</expression>

</evaluator>

<onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>

<onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>

</filter>

<Encoding>UTF-8</Encoding>

<File>${log.base}_service.log</File>

<rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">

<FileNamePattern>${log.base}.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}_service.log.zip

</FileNamePattern>

</rollingPolicy>

<layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout">

<pattern>%date [%thread] %-5level %logger{80} - %msg%n</pattern>

</layout>

</appender>

<appender name="jms_dao" class="ch.qos.logback.classic.net.JMSQueueAppender">

<InitialContextFactoryName>

org.apache.activemq.jndi.ActiveMQInitialContextFactory

</InitialContextFactoryName>

<ProviderURL>tcp://192.168.1.120:61616</ProviderURL>

<filter class="ch.qos.logback.core.filter.EvaluatorFilter">

<evaluator name="myEval_service">

<expression>message.contains("dao")</expression>

</evaluator>

<onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>

<onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>

</filter>

<QueueConnectionFactoryBindingName>ConnectionFactory

</QueueConnectionFactoryBindingName>

<QueueBindingName>cms_dao_log</QueueBindingName>

</appender>

<appender name="jms_service" class="ch.qos.logback.classic.net.JMSQueueAppender">

<InitialContextFactoryName>

org.apache.activemq.jndi.ActiveMQInitialContextFactory

</InitialContextFactoryName>

<ProviderURL>tcp://192.168.1.120:61616</ProviderURL>

<filter class="ch.qos.logback.core.filter.EvaluatorFilter">

<evaluator name="myEval_service">

<expression>message.contains("service.impl")</expression>

</evaluator>

<onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>

<onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>

</filter>

<QueueConnectionFactoryBindingName>ConnectionFactory

</QueueConnectionFactoryBindingName>

<QueueBindingName>cms_service_log</QueueBindingName>

</appender>

<logger name="com.cms5.cmsservice.jms">

<level value="DEBUG" />

</logger>

<logger name="java.sql.PreparedStatement">

<level value="DEBUG" />

</logger>

<logger name="java.sql.Connection">

<level value="DEBUG" />

</logger>

<logger name="java.sql.Statement">

<level value="DEBUG" />

</logger>

<logger name="com.ibatis">

<level value="DEBUG" />

</logger>

<logger name="com.ibatis.common.jdbc.SimpleDataSource">

<level value="DEBUG" />

</logger>

<logger name="com.ibatis.common.jdbc.ScriptRunner">

<level value="DEBUG" />

</logger>

<logger name="com.ibatis.sqlmap.engine.impl.SqlMapClientDelegate">

<level value="DEBUG" />

</logger>

<logger name="com.danga.MemCached">

<level value="INFO" />

</logger>

<logger name="org.springframework.test">

<level value="DEBUG" />

</logger>

<logger name="org.apache.struts2">

<level value="DEBUG" />

</logger>

<root>

<level value="INFO" />

<!--<appender-ref ref="stdout" />

-->

<appender-ref ref="logfile-dao" />

<appender-ref ref="logfile-service" />

<appender-ref ref="jms_dao" />

<appender-ref ref="jms_service" />

</root>

</configuration>

就先不做说明了，里面的配置还是比较明确的，关于jmsappender那部分，之前也做过简单说明。