Linux下创建共享内存和测试

/*
This is shdata.h
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*/
#ifndef _SHMDATA_H_HEADER
#define _SHMDATA_H_HEADER
#define TEXT_SZ 2048

struct shared_use_st
{
int written;//作为一个标志，非0：表示可读，0表示可写
char text[TEXT_SZ];//记录写入和读取的文本
};
#endif

/*
This is shm_read.c . For read sharing-memory
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*/
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>
#include "shdata.h"

int main()
{
int running = 1;//程序是否继续运行的标志
void *shm = NULL;//分配的共享内存的原始首地址
struct shared_use_st *shared;//指向shm
int shmid;//共享内存标识符
//创建共享内存
shmid = shmget((key_t)1234, sizeof(struct shared_use_st), 0666|IPC_CREAT);
if(shmid == -1)
{
fprintf(stderr, "shmget failed\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
//将共享内存连接到当前进程的地址空间
shm = shmat(shmid, 0, 0);
if(shm == (void*)-1)
{
fprintf(stderr, "shmat failed\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
printf("\nMemory attached at %X\n", (int)shm);
//设置共享内存
shared = (struct shared_use_st*)shm;
shared->written = 0;
while(running)//读取共享内存中的数据
{
//没有进程向共享内存定数据有数据可读取
if(shared->written != 0)
{
printf("You wrote: %s", shared->text);
sleep(rand() % 3);
//读取完数据，设置written使共享内存段可写
shared->written = 0;
//输入了end，退出循环（程序）
if(strncmp(shared->text, "end", 3) == 0)
running = 0;
}
else//有其他进程在写数据，不能读取数据
sleep(1);
}
//把共享内存从当前进程中分离
if(shmdt(shm) == -1)
{
fprintf(stderr, "shmdt failed\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
//删除共享内存
if(shmctl(shmid, IPC_RMID, 0) == -1)
{
fprintf(stderr, "shmctl(IPC_RMID) failed\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}

/*
This is shm_write.c
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*/
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>
#include "shdata.h"

int main()
{
int running = 1;
void *shm = NULL;
struct shared_use_st *shared = NULL;
char buffer[BUFSIZ + 1];//用于保存输入的文本
int shmid;
//创建共享内存
shmid = shmget((key_t)1234, sizeof(struct shared_use_st), 0666|IPC_CREAT);
if(shmid == -1)
{
fprintf(stderr, "shmget failed\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
//将共享内存连接到当前进程的地址空间
shm = shmat(shmid, (void*)0, 0);
if(shm == (void*)-1)
{
fprintf(stderr, "shmat failed\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
printf("Memory attached at %X\n", (int)shm);
//设置共享内存
shared = (struct shared_use_st*)shm;
while(running)//向共享内存中写数据
{
//数据还没有被读取，则等待数据被读取,不能向共享内存中写入文本
while(shared->written == 1)
{
sleep(1);
printf("Waiting...\n");
}
//向共享内存中写入数据
printf("Enter some text: ");
fgets(buffer, BUFSIZ, stdin);
strncpy(shared->text, buffer, TEXT_SZ);
//写完数据，设置written使共享内存段可读
shared->written = 1;
//输入了end，退出循环（程序）
if(strncmp(buffer, "end", 3) == 0)
running = 0;
}
//把共享内存从当前进程中分离
if(shmdt(shm) == -1)
{
fprintf(stderr, "shmdt failed\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
sleep(2);
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}