Java读取Excel文件的几种方法

Java读取Excel文件的几种方法
最近单位有个项目需要读取excel文件的内容，特别对java读取excel文件的方法做了一点学习，也为了其他人以后能更简单地开发，少走弯路，特写此文，以下程序经过了我的测试，可以保证程序可用，如果你照搬都不行，可能是你的环境有问题。

读取excel文件的常用开源免费方法有以下几种：

JDBC-ODBC Excel Driver

jxl.jar

jcom.jar

poi.jar

下面分别对这几种方法分别进行探讨

1、 JDBC-ODBC Excel Driver

这种方法是将excel看成是数据库进行操作，使用SQL Select语句即可查询excel表格。优点是：不需要第三方的jar包。

如下表样

首先在控制面板进行数据源ODBC登记

具体方法如下：

下面就是代码了。

package xuzhe;
import java.io.*;
import java.sql.*;
//java xuzhe.ExcelJDBC
public
class ExcelJDBC {
public
static void main(String[] args)throws SQLException{
Connection con = null;
try{
Class.forName("sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver");
con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:odbc:ExcelJDBC" );
Statement st =con.createStatement();
ResultSet rs =st.executeQuery(
"Select * from[Sheet1$]" );

ResultSetMetaDatarsmd = rs.getMetaData();
int numberOfColumns =rsmd.getColumnCount();

System.out.println ("表格列数"+numberOfColumns );
System.out.println(rsmd.getColumnName(1)+"," + rsmd.getColumnName(2) +
"," + rsmd.getColumnName(3));
while (rs.next()) {
for (int i = 1; i <=numberOfColumns; i++) {
if (i > 1) System.out.print(", ");
StringcolumnValue = rs.getString(i);
System.out.print(columnValue);
}
System.out.println("");
}
rs.close();
st.close();
}
catch(Exception ex) {
System.err.print("Exception: ");
System.err.println(ex.getMessage());
}
finally {
con.close();
}
}
}

执行结果如下：

2、 jxl.jar

jxl.jar为开源代码，任何运行java虚拟机的操作系统都能使用这个jar包操作excel表格。优点是：不依赖其他任何第三方的库。下载地址：http://mirrors.ibiblio.org/pub/mirrors/maven2/net/sourceforge/jexcelapi/jxl/2.6.10/jxl-2.6.10.jar

程序如下：

package xuzhe;

import java.io.File;

import jxl.Sheet;

import jxl.Workbook;

//java -classpath .;E:\eclipse3.6.2\workspace\CrazyJava\lib\jxl.jarxuzhe.ExcelJXL

public class ExcelJXL

{

static String sourceFile ="c:\\name.xls"; //源文件

public static void main(String[]args)

{

try

{

Workbook book = Workbook.getWorkbook(newFile(sourceFile));

//0代表第一个工作表对象

Sheet sheet =book.getSheet(0);

int rows =sheet.getRows();

int cols =sheet.getColumns();

String colname1 =sheet.getCell(0, 0).getContents().trim();

String colname2 =sheet.getCell(1, 0).getContents().trim();

String colname3 =sheet.getCell(2, 0).getContents().trim();

System.out.println(colname1+","+colname2+","+colname3);

for (int z = 1; z <rows; z++)

{

//0代表列数，z代表行数

String name =sheet.getCell(0, z).getContents();

String sex =sheet.getCell(1, z).getContents();

String ID =sheet.getCell(2, z).getContents();

System.out.println(name+","+sex+","+ID);

}

}

catch(Exception e)

{

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

执行结果如下：

3、 jcom.jar

jcom.jar是日本人开发的，也是一个开源项目，下载地址：http://sourceforge.net/projects/jcom/files/latest/download

将jcom.jar拷贝到classlib目录下，将jcom.dll放到你的JAVA_HOME/bin目录下，否则会出现下面错误。

程序如下：

package xuzhe;
import jp.ne.so_net.ga2.no_ji.jcom.excel8.*;
import jp.ne.so_net.ga2.no_ji.jcom.*;
import java.io.File;
import java.util.Date;
public
class ExcelJCOM {
public
static void main(String[]args)throws Exception {
JCOMReadExcel();
JCOMCreateExcel();
}

static
void JCOMReadExcel()
{
ReleaseManager rm = new ReleaseManager();

try
{
System.out.println("EXCEL startup...");
// if already started, open new window
ExcelApplicationexcel = new ExcelApplication(rm);
excel.Visible(true);
String Filename = "c:\\name.xls";
ExcelWorkbooksxlBooks = excel.Workbooks();
ExcelWorkbookxlBook = xlBooks.Open(Filename);

ExcelWorksheetsxlSheets = xlBook.Worksheets();
//第一个工作表
ExcelWorksheetxlSheet = xlSheets.Item(1);

ExcelRange xlRange= xlSheet.Cells();
int i;
int j;
for(j=1;j<=4;j++)
{
for(i=1;i<=3;i++)
{
System.out.print(xlRange.Item(j,i).Value());
if(i<3)
{
System.out.print(",");
}

}
System.out.println("");
}
}
catch(Exception e) {e.printStackTrace(); }
finally { rm.release(); }
}

static
void JCOMCreateExcel()
{
ReleaseManager rm = new ReleaseManager();
try {
System.out.println("EXCEL startup...");
// if already started, open new window
ExcelApplicationexcel = new ExcelApplication(rm);
excel.Visible(true);

// display any information
System.out.println("Version="+excel.Version());
System.out.println("UserName="+excel.UserName());
System.out.println("Caption="+excel.Caption());
System.out.println("Value="+excel.Value());

ExcelWorkbooksxlBooks = excel.Workbooks();
ExcelWorkbook xlBook= xlBooks.Add();
// create new book

// enumurate all files
System.out.println
("set infomation of files in current directory tocell ...");
ExcelWorksheetsxlSheets = xlBook.Worksheets();
ExcelWorksheetxlSheet = xlSheets.Item(1);
ExcelRange xlRange =xlSheet.Cells();

xlRange.Item(1,1).Value("filename" );
xlRange.Item(2,1).Value("size" );
xlRange.Item(3,1).Value("lastmodified time");
xlRange.Item(4,1).Value("isdirectory");
xlRange.Item(5,1).Value("isfile");
xlRange.Item(6,1).Value("can read");
xlRange.Item(7,1).Value("canwrite");

File path = new File("./");
String[] filenames =path.list();
for(int i=0;i<filenames.length; i++) {
File file = newFile(filenames[i]);
System.out.println(file);
xlRange.Item(1,i+2).Value( file.getName() );
xlRange.Item(2,i+2).Value( (int)file.length() );
xlRange.Item(3,i+2).Value( new Date(file.lastModified()) );
xlRange.Item(4,i+2).Value( file.isDirectory()?"Yes":"No" );
xlRange.Item(5,i+2).Value( file.isFile()?"Yes":"No" );
xlRange.Item(6,i+2).Value( file.canRead()?"Yes":"No" );
xlRange.Item(7,i+2).Value( file.canWrite()?"Yes":"No" );
}

char start ='B';
char end = (char)((byte)start + filenames.length
- 1);
System.out.println("end=[" + end +"]");
String expression = "=Sum(B2:" + String.valueOf(end) +"2)";
System.out.println("expression=[" + expression +"]");
System.out.println
("embed equation, calculate sum of filesize: "+expression);
xlRange.Item(1,filenames.length+2).Value("sum");
xlRange.Item(2,filenames.length+2).Formula(expression);
xlRange.Columns().AutoFit();
// fit columns

// comment out, if print out.
// output default printer.
// System.out.println("print out...");
// xlSheet.PrintOut();

// comment out, if book save to file.
// if no path, save to(My Documents)
// System.out.println
// ("save tofile... (My Documents)\\testExcel.xls");
xlBook.SaveAs("testExcel.xls");

xlBook.Close(false,null,false);
excel.Quit();

System.out.println("thank you .");
}
catch(Exception e) {e.printStackTrace(); }
finally { rm.release(); }
}
}
执行结果如下：

4、 poi.jar

poi.jar是apache旗下的一个开源项目，下载地址：

http://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi/poi/release/bin/poi-bin-3.8-20120326.zip

程序如下：

package xuzhe;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.*;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;

//
public
class ExcelPOI {

/**
* @param args
* @throws IOException
* java xuzhe.ExcelPOI
*/
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
public
static void main(String[] args)throws IOException {
// TODO Auto-generatedmethod stub
ExcelPOI.POICreateExcel();
ExcelPOI.POIReadExcel();

}

public
static void POICreateExcel()
throws IOException
{
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("new sheet");
//0行
HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow((short)0);
//1列
row.createCell((short)1).setCellValue("HelloWorld");

FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("c:\\workbook.xls");
wb.write(fileOut);
fileOut.close();
}

private
static HSSFWorkbook readFile(String filename) throws IOException {
return
new HSSFWorkbook(new FileInputStream(filename));
}

public
static void POIReadExcel()
throws IOException
{
String fileName = "c:\\name.xls";
HSSFWorkbook wb =ExcelPOI.readFile(fileName);

System.out.println("Datadump:\n");

for (int k = 0; k < wb.getNumberOfSheets(); k++)
{
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(k);
int rows = sheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows();
System.out.println("Sheet" + k +" \"" +wb.getSheetName(k) +
"\" has" + rows
+ "row(s).");
for (int r = 0; r < rows; r++)
{
HSSFRow row = sheet.getRow(r);
if (row ==null) {
continue;
}

int cells = row.getPhysicalNumberOfCells();
System.out.println("\nROW" + row.getRowNum() +" has " + cells
+ "cell(s).");
for (int c = 0; c < cells; c++)
{
HSSFCell cell = row.getCell(c);
String value = null;

switch (cell.getCellType())
{

case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA:
value = "FORMULA value=" +cell.getCellFormula();
break;

case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC:
value= "NUMERIC value=" + cell.getNumericCellValue();
break;

case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING:
value = "STRING value=" +cell.getStringCellValue();
break;

default:
}
System.out.println("CELL col=" + cell.getColumnIndex()+" VALUE="
+ value);
}
}
}
}
}