Mac OS X下让ruby支持tcl/tk

我记得在老早在OS X10.8下使用ruby1.9.x的时候只要到下载安装ActiveTcl8.5，没怎么配置就运行tk好好的。但是近日想重新执行下tk代码，发现在require 'tk'的时候就报错鸟！现在用的是ruby2.1.3版本。上网搜了一下，1.9.x之后的版本默认不再将tcl/tk支持编译到ruby里面，so如果你想用则必须重新编译ruby！我勒个去！就不能做成个gem吗？但在多种外围尝试无果的的情况下只有一条路，就是重新编译ruby了...

到ruby官网下载最新的ruby2.1.5的源代码15MB左右，解压后257MB，console进入解压目录，输入：

./configure -prefix=/Users/apple/src/ruby_src/ruby2.1.5_installed --with-arch=x86_64,i386 --enable-pthread --enable-shared --with-tk --with-tcl

注意-prefix必须要绝对路径，否则不让过；这是你要最后安装ruby2.1.5的路径，一旦固定下来，就不可以再动了。因为我后来用rvm也安装了ruby2.1.5版，所以这里换了个临时位置，只是测试用的。接着可以输入make命令编译ruby，大概要等一会，最后执行make install就将ruby2.1.5安装到了我前面设定的位置上。下面测试一下对tk的支持如何：

apple@kissAir: bin$ls

erb gem
irb rake
rdoc ri
ruby testrb

apple@kissAir: bin$./ruby -e "require 'tk'"

可以看到是ok的，然后运行一下我的tk.rb看一下效果（代码节选）：

require 'dbm'
#require 'tempfile'
#require 'zip/zip'
#require 'win32api'

#PATH = '/Users/apple/src/c_src/ruby-1.9.3-p362/ext/tk/lib/'

require 'tk'
#require PATH+'tk'
require 'tkextlib/tkimg/bmp'
require 'tkextlib/tkimg/jpeg'
require 'tkextlib/tkimg/png'
require 'tkextlib/iwidgets'
require 'tkextlib/bwidget'

SM_CXSCREEN = 0
SM_CYSCREEN = 1
def get_screen_size
#get_screen_size_nv = Win32API.new('user32','GetSystemMetrics',['L'],'L')
#x = get_screen_size_nv.Call(SM_CXSCREEN)
#y = get_screen_size_nv.Call(SM_CYSCREEN)
`./s`.split.map {|x| x.to_i}
#[x,y]
end

def zip(path)
zip_path = path + '.zip'
File.delete(zip_path) if File.exist? zip_path
Zip::ZipFile.open(zip_path,Zip::ZipFile::CREATE) {|f| f.add(File.split(path)[1],path)}
end

def unzip(path)
unzip_path = path[0..-5]
Zip::ZipFile.open(path) {|f| f.extract(f.entries[0],unzip_path) {true}}
end

DB_PATH = File.expand_path(".") + '/movies.dbm'

#zip(DB_PATH + '.dir')
#zip(DB_PATH + '.pag')

#unzip(DB_PATH + '.dir.zip')
#unzip(DB_PATH + '.pag.zip')

db = DBM.new(DB_PATH)
#db.clear

at_exit {
db.close
#压缩数据库
#zip(DB_PATH + '.dir')
#zip(DB_PATH + '.pag')
#File.delete(DB_PATH + '.dir');File.delete(DB_PATH + '.pag')
}

ROOT_W = 1000
ROOT_H = 610

x,y = get_screen_size
#计算屏幕居中显示时需要移动到的坐标
mov_x = (x - ROOT_W)/2
mov_y = (y - ROOT_H)/2

root = TkRoot.new(:title=>"movie query v1.2")
Tk::Wm.geometry(root,"+#{mov_x}+#{mov_y}")
#Tk::Wm.attributes(root,:toolwindow=>true)
Tk::Wm.geometry(root,"#{ROOT_W}x#{ROOT_H}")
Tk::Wm.minsize(root,ROOT_W,ROOT_H)
Tk::Wm.maxsize(root,ROOT_W,ROOT_H)

img_love = TkPhotoImage.new(:file=>File.expand_path(".") + '/logo.gif')
Tk::Wm.iconphoto(root,img_love)

def dlgbox_input_name(in_name)
#puts Tk::Wm.state dlg
#Tk::Wm.deiconify dlg

dlg = Tk::Toplevel.new(:title=>"输入演员名")
#Tk::Wm.attributes(dlg,:toolwindow=>true)
Tk::Wm.attributes(dlg,:notify=>true)
#隐藏窗口
#Tk::Wm.withdraw dlg

out_name = nil

txt_input_name = Tk::Tile::Entry.new(dlg,:width=>40) do
grid :row=>0,:column=>0
end
txt_input_name.value = in_name

btn_add_name = Tk::Tile::Button.new(dlg) do
text "添 加"
command do
out_name = txt_input_name.value
dlg.destroy
end
grid :row=>1,:column=>0
end

txt_input_name.bind("Return") do
btn_add_name.invoke
end

txt_input_name.focus

#将toplevel窗口(对话框窗口)设为主窗口的"瞬时窗口"
Tk::Wm.transient dlg
#模式对话框
Tk::BWidget.grab :set,dlg
#暂时挂起主窗口线程
#TkTimer.new.tkwait dlg
dlg.wait_window
out_name
end

#(r0,c0)
lab_app = Tk::Tile::Label.new do
text "大熊猫最爱电影查询工具"
font "新宋体 14 bold"
foreground "blue"
grid :row=>0,:column=>0,:columnspan=>8,:padx=>10,:pady=>10
end

#(r1,c0)
lab_names = Tk::Tile::Label.new do
text "电影名称"
font "新宋体 12 bold"
grid :row=>1,:column=>0,:padx=>10,:pady=>10
end

#(r1,c1)
txt_names = TkText.new(:width=>35,:height=>2) do
font "新宋体 12 bold"
grid :row=>1,:column=>1
end

#(r2,c0)
lab_stars = Tk::Tile::Label.new do
text "熊猫星级"
font "新宋体 12 bold"
grid :row=>2,:column=>0,:padx=>10,:pady=>40,:sticky=>:n
end

img_file = File.open(File.expand_path(".") + '/star.jpg','r+b')
img_data = img_file.read
#img_star = TkPhotoImage.new(:data=>img_data,:gamma=>0.01)
img_star = TkPhotoImage.new(:data=>img_data,:palette=>10)
img_star_chk = TkPhotoImage.new(:data=>img_data)
img_file.close

star = 0
btn_stars = []
btn_chks = [false,false,false,false,false]

clr_all_chk = proc do
btn_chks = [false]*5
btn_stars.each do |btn|
btn.configure(:image=>img_star)
end
end

#(r2,c1)
frm_stars = TkFrame.new do
grid :row=>2,:column=>1,:padx=>10,:pady=>10,:sticky=>:n
5.times do |i|
btn_stars << TkButton.new(self,:width=>45,:height=>50) do
text i.to_s
image img_star
relief :flat
grid :row=>0,:column=>i+1
command do
idx = self.cget(:text).to_i
unless btn_chks[idx]
btn_chks[0..idx] = [true]*(idx+1)
else
if btn_chks[idx+1]
btn_chks[(idx+1)..-1] = [false]*(5-idx-1)
else
btn_chks[0..idx] = [false]*(idx+1)
end
end

5.times do |j|
img = if btn_chks[j];img_star_chk else img_star end
btn_stars[j].configure(:image=>img)
end
star = btn_chks.count(true)
end
end
end
end

#(r3,c0)
lab_direct = Tk::Tile::Label.new do
text "导 演"
font "新宋体 12 bold"
grid :row=>3,:column=>0
end

#(r3,c1)
txt_direct = Tk::Tile::Entry.new(:width=>35) do
font "新宋体 12 bold"
grid :row=>3,:column=>1
end

#(r4,c0)
lab_nil = Tk::Tile::Label.new do
grid :row=>4,:column=>0
end

#(r5,c0)
lab_artist = Tk::Tile::Label.new do
text "演 员"
font "新宋体 12 bold"
grid :row=>5,:column=>0,:padx=>10,:pady=>10,:sticky=>:n
end

lst_artist = lst_xroll = lst_yroll = nil
#(r5,c2)
lst_yroll = Tk::Tile::Scrollbar.new do
command proc{|*idx|lst_artist.yview *idx}
grid(:row=>5,:column=>2,:sticky=>:ns)
end

#(r11,c4)
btn_del = Tk::Tile::Button.new(frm_btns) do
text "删 除
command do
if db.each_key.select {|k|a = k.split(" ")[0].force_encoding("gbk");
b = txt_names.value.split(" ")[0]
a =~ /#{b}/}.count == 0
Tk.messageBox(:icon=>:error,:type=>:ok,:title=>"error",\
:message=>"该主电影名不在数据库中！");break
end
db.delete(txt_names.value)
txt_names.value = ""
end
grid :row=>11,:column=>4,:padx=>10,:sticky=>:n
end

btn_exit = Tk::Tile::Button.new(frm_btns) do
text "退 出"
command do
exit
end
grid :row=>11,:column=>5,:padx=>10,:sticky=>:n
end

#TkGrid.grid(btn_add,"-","x",btn_del,:sticky=>:nsew)

#(r0,c5)
cvs_line = TkCanvas.new(:width=>"0.1c") do
create :line,"0.1c","1c","0.1c","30c",:dash=>"10",:width=>4,:fill=>"blue"
grid :row=>0,:column=>5,:rowspan=>12,:sticky=>:wns
end

yrl_lst_find = nil
#(r1,c6)
lst_find = TkListbox.new(:width=>20,:height=>20) do
font "新宋体 12 bold"
yscrollcommand proc {|*idx|yrl_lst_find.set *idx}
grid :row=>1,:column=>6,:rowspan=>13,:sticky=>:wn
end

#(r1,c7)
yrl_lst_find = Tk::Tile::Scrollbar.new do
command proc{|*idx|lst_find.yview *idx}
grid(:row=>1,:column=>7,:rowspan=>5,:sticky=>:wns)
end

flash_movie_info = proc do |name|
vals = eval(db[name].force_encoding("gbk"))
#先按一下btn[0]，以防上一个star>0
#btn_stars[0].invoke
idx = vals[:star].to_i

#idx -= 1 if idx > 0
clr_all_chk[]
btn_stars[idx-1].invoke if idx > 0

txt_names.value = name

txt_direct.value = vals[:direct]
list.value = vals[:artist]

scl_clarity.value = vals[:scl].to_i

txt_size.value = vals[:size]
txt_len.value = vals[:len]
txt_locate.value = vals[:locate]
txt_mark.value = vals[:mark]
txt_note.value = vals[:note]

pic = TkPhotoImage.new(:data=>vals[:pic].force_encoding("ASCII-8BIT")) if vals[:pic]

lab_pic.configure(:image=>pic)
end

flash_vals = proc do |vals|
idx = vals[:star].to_i
clr_all_chk[]
btn_stars[idx-1].invoke if idx > 0

txt_names.value = vals[:name]

txt_direct.value = vals[:direct]
list.value = vals[:artist]

scl_clarity.value = vals[:scl].to_i

txt_size.value = vals[:size]
txt_len.value = vals[:len]
txt_locate.value = vals[:locate]
txt_mark.value = vals[:mark]
txt_note.value = vals[:note]

pic = TkPhotoImage.new(:data=>vals[:pic].force_encoding("ASCII-8BIT")) if vals[:pic]
lab_pic.configure(:image=>pic)
end

lst_find.bind("<ListboxSelect>") do
i = lst_find.curselection[0]
if i.to_s != ""
name = lst_find.get(i)
flash_movie_info[name]
end
end

lst_find.bind("ButtonRelease-1") do
i = lst_find.curselection[0]
if i.to_s != ""
name = lst_find.get(i)
flash_movie_info[name]
end
end

#(r10,c6)
txt_find = Tk::Tile::Entry.new(:width=>20) do
font "新宋体 12 bold"
grid :row=>10,:column=>6
end

btn_find = nil
txt_find.bind("Return") do
btn_find.invoke
end

#(r11,c6)
btn_find = Tk::Tile::Button.new do
text "查 找"
command do
name_to_find = txt_find.value
next if name_to_find == ""

lst_find.clear
if name_to_find == "*"
db.each_key.select do |k|
lst_find.insert(:end,k.force_encoding("gbk"))
end
next
end

db.each_key.select do |k|
names = k.force_encoding("gbk").split(" ")
for n in names
(lst_find.insert(:end,k.force_encoding("gbk"));break) if n =~ /#{name_to_find}/
end
end
end
grid :row=>11,:column=>6
end

menu = TkMenu.new(:parent=>root,:tearoff=>0)
root.configure(:menu=>menu)

menu_file = TkMenu.new(:parent=>root,:tearoff=>0)

cmd_import = proc do
imp_path = Tk.getOpenFile
next if imp_path == ""

data = nil
File.open(imp_path,"r+") do |f|
data = f.read
end
vals = eval(data.force_encoding("gbk"))
flash_vals[vals]
end

menu_file_import = menu_file.add_command(:label=>"Import movie",:underline=>1,:command=>cmd_import)

cmd_export = proc do
unless chk_vals[]
Tk.messageBox(:icon=>:error,:type=>:ok,:title=>"error",\
:message=>"请选择一部电影！");next
end

exp_path = Tk.getSaveFile
next if exp_path == ""

m = get_vals[]
m[:name] = txt_names.value
File.open(exp_path,"w+") do |f|
f.write m.to_s
end
end

menu_file_export = menu_file.add_command(:label=>"Export movie",:underline=>1,:command=>cmd_export)
menu_file.add_separator

cmd_exit = proc do
exit
end
menu_file_exit = menu_file.add_command(:label=>"Exit",:underline=>2,:command=>cmd_exit)

menu.add_cascade(:menu=>menu_file,:label=>"File",:underline=>1)
#menu_file = menu.add(:cascade,:label=>"File",:underline=>0)

Tk.mainloop

界面丑是丑了点，不过后期可以再调整哦

,关键是这段代码windows，linux，OS X下跑都没问题啊，轻松跨平台鸟：



还有一种办法是用rvm重新安装支持tcl/tk的版本：

rvm reinstall 2.1.5 --enable-shared --enable-pthread --with-tk --with-tcl

不过我试了一下，在brew update无限卡住了，所以才有了开篇的那一坨文章...


不过本猫觉得这样用不太爽，尤其是自己编译的irb用不了，因为其还是调用了rvm的路径。要替换也很容易，做软连接吧：

apple@kissAir: rubies$ls -lh

total 16

lrwxr-xr-x 1 apple staff 35B 12 10 13:03 default -> /Users/apple/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.5

drwxr-xr-x 8 apple staff 272B 7 27 19:47 ruby-2.1.2

lrwxr-xr-x 1 apple staff 45B 12 10 16:08 ruby-2.1.5 -> /Users/apple/src/ruby_Src/ruby2.1.5_installed

drwxr-xr-x 8 apple staff 272B 12 10 13:02 tmp_ruby-2.1.5

先把原来的ruby目录改名，然后将编译的路径加入即可，可以看到其版本号显示略有不同：

apple@kissAir: rubies$ruby -v

ruby 2.1.5p273 (2014-11-13 revision 48405) [universal.x86_64-darwin14.0]

apple@kissAir: rubies$./tmp_ruby-2.1.5/bin/ruby -v

ruby 2.1.5p273 (2014-11-13 revision 48405) [x86_64-darwin14.0]

不过irb开头的版本号和方法名自动补全都没有鸟，咋回事呢？原来是.irbrc没有拷贝过来，而且里面没有加上require 'irb/completion'这句啊！最后看一下自己编译支持tcl/tk的ruby和rvm安装的ruby体积哪个大啊：

apple@kissAir: ruby-2.1.5$du -sh

113M .

apple@kissAir: tmp_ruby-2.1.5$du -sh

95M .