./configure 命令使用和参数解析

现在系统中运行一下configure命令，输出以下信息

[root@aliyun memcached-1.4.21]# ./configure --help
`configure' configures memcached 1.4.21 to adapt to many kinds of systems.

Usage: ./configure [OPTION]... [VAR=VALUE]...

To assign environment variables (e.g., CC, CFLAGS...), specify them as
VAR=VALUE.  See below for descriptions of some of the useful variables.

Defaults for the options are specified in brackets.

Configuration:
-h, --help              display this help and exit
--help=short        display options specific to this package
--help=recursive    display the short help of all the included packages
-V, --version           display version information and exit
-q, --quiet, --silent   do not print `checking ...' messages
--cache-file=FILE   cache test results in FILE [disabled]
-C, --config-cache      alias for `--cache-file=config.cache'
-n, --no-create         do not create output files
--srcdir=DIR        find the sources in DIR [configure dir or `..']

Installation directories:
--prefix=PREFIX         install architecture-independent files in PREFIX
[/usr/local]
--exec-prefix=EPREFIX   install architecture-dependent files in EPREFIX
[PREFIX]

By default, `make install' will install all the files in
`/usr/local/bin', `/usr/local/lib' etc.  You can specify
an installation prefix other than `/usr/local' using `--prefix',
for instance `--prefix=$HOME'.

For better control, use the options below.

Fine tuning of the installation directories:
--bindir=DIR            user executables [EPREFIX/bin]
--sbindir=DIR           system admin executables [EPREFIX/sbin]
--libexecdir=DIR        program executables [EPREFIX/libexec]
--sysconfdir=DIR        read-only single-machine data [PREFIX/etc]
--sharedstatedir=DIR    modifiable architecture-independent data [PREFIX/com]
--localstatedir=DIR     modifiable single-machine data [PREFIX/var]
--libdir=DIR            object code libraries [EPREFIX/lib]
--includedir=DIR        C header files [PREFIX/include]
--oldincludedir=DIR     C header files for non-gcc [/usr/include]
--datarootdir=DIR       read-only arch.-independent data root [PREFIX/share]
--datadir=DIR           read-only architecture-independent data [DATAROOTDIR]
--infodir=DIR           info documentation [DATAROOTDIR/info]
--localedir=DIR         locale-dependent data [DATAROOTDIR/locale]
--mandir=DIR            man documentation [DATAROOTDIR/man]
--docdir=DIR            documentation root [DATAROOTDIR/doc/memcached]
--htmldir=DIR           html documentation [DOCDIR]
--dvidir=DIR            dvi documentation [DOCDIR]
--pdfdir=DIR            pdf documentation [DOCDIR]
--psdir=DIR             ps documentation [DOCDIR]

Program names:
--program-prefix=PREFIX            prepend PREFIX to installed program names
--program-suffix=SUFFIX            append SUFFIX to installed program names
--program-transform-name=PROGRAM   run sed PROGRAM on installed program names

System types:
--build=BUILD     configure for building on BUILD [guessed]
--host=HOST       cross-compile to build programs to run on HOST [BUILD]
--target=TARGET   configure for building compilers for TARGET [HOST]

Optional Features:
--disable-option-checking  ignore unrecognized --enable/--with options
--disable-FEATURE       do not include FEATURE (same as --enable-FEATURE=no)
--enable-FEATURE[=ARG]  include FEATURE [ARG=yes]
--enable-silent-rules   less verbose build output (undo: "make V=1")
--disable-silent-rules  verbose build output (undo: "make V=0")
--enable-dependency-tracking
do not reject slow dependency extractors
--disable-dependency-tracking
speeds up one-time build
--enable-sasl           Enable SASL authentication
--enable-sasl-pwdb      Enable plaintext password db
--enable-dtrace         Enable dtrace probes
--disable-coverage      Disable code coverage
--enable-64bit          build 64bit version
--disable-docs          Disable documentation generation

Optional Packages:
--with-PACKAGE[=ARG]    use PACKAGE [ARG=yes]
--without-PACKAGE       do not use PACKAGE (same as --with-PACKAGE=no)
--with-libevent=PATH     Specify path to libevent installation

Some influential environment variables:
CC          C compiler command
CFLAGS      C compiler flags
LDFLAGS     linker flags, e.g. -L<lib dir> if you have libraries in a
nonstandard directory <lib dir>
LIBS        libraries to pass to the linker, e.g. -l<library>
CPPFLAGS    (Objective) C/C++ preprocessor flags, e.g. -I<include dir> if
you have headers in a nonstandard directory <include dir>
CPP         C preprocessor

Use these variables to override the choices made by `configure' or to help
it to find libraries and programs with nonstandard names/locations.

Report bugs to <memcached@googlegroups.com>.

基本参数详解

--prefix=PEWFIX

'--prefix'是最常用的选项。制作出的'Makefile'会查看随此选项传递的参
数，当一个包在安装时可以彻底的重新安置他的结构独立部分。举一个例子，当安装一个包，例如说Emacs，下面的命令将会使Emacs Lisp
file被安装到"/opt/gnu/share"：

$ ./configure --prefix=/opt/gnu

（未完待续。。。。）