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（结对作业）基于Unity 3D游戏引擎开发的“打砖块”游戏

2014-11-20 23:18 519 查看


游戏简介：游戏在传统的打砖块游戏的基础上增加的3D的效果。游戏的操作非常简单，简单的左右方向键控制，以及鼠标对视角的控制。

编写人员： 朱俊璋，王士溥

开发工具：Unity3D  4.3

开发语言：C#

计划

任务分工：后台的游戏功能的具体实现和测试，后台代码的编写和调试      朱俊璋

 
             游戏前端界面的设计和游戏逻辑功能的创想       王士溥

开发时间：2周

功能简介：3D打砖块小游戏，实现基本功能，在游戏中可以通过鼠标调节camera视角以及位置——左键+移动鼠标-水平移动；右键+移动鼠标-摄像头倾斜角度；滚轮-缩放镜头。

运行游戏：

原始视角





通过鼠标调节视角








游戏界面的设计：










源代码：

BreakoutGame类：该类是游戏的主功能类，游戏的初始化和游戏界面的渲染都在此类中。该脚本绑定到游戏Main Camera组件中，使游戏在一开始时就调用此脚本。
using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public enum BreakoutGameState { playing, win, lost };//定义游戏状态.

public class BreakoutGame : MonoBehaviour
{
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>public static BreakoutGame SP;
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>public Transform ballPrefab;//珠球.
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>private int totalBlocks;//总的方块数.
private int blocksHit;//已经击打的方块数.
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>private BreakoutGameState gameState;//游戏状态.

public float ZoomSpeed = 10;
public float MovingSpeed = 0.5f;//移动速度.
public float RotateSpeed = 1;//旋转速度.
public float distance = 5;

<span style="white-space:pre">	</span> void Awake()
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>{
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>SP = this;
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>blocksHit = 0;
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>gameState = BreakoutGameState.playing;
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>totalBlocks = GameObject.FindGameObjectsWithTag("Pickup").Length;//得到所有的方块数.
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>Time.timeScale = 1.0f;//设置传递时间为1 .
//SpawnBall();
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>}

void Update(){
Quaternion rotation = Quaternion.identity;
Vector3 position;
float delta_x, delta_y, delta_z;
float delta_rotation_x, delta_rotation_y;

//按下鼠标左键.
if(Input.GetMouseButton(0)){
delta_x = Input.GetAxis("Mouse X") * MovingSpeed;//获取x轴方向的鼠标运动增量,乘以相应的移动速度.
delta_y = Input.GetAxis("Mouse Y") * MovingSpeed;//获取y轴方向的鼠标运动增量,乘以相应的移动速度.
//rotation = Quaternion.Euler(0,transform.rotation.eulerAngles.y,0);//设置旋转的角度，存储在Quaternion中.
rotation.eulerAngles = new Vector3(0,transform.rotation.eulerAngles.y,0);
transform.position = rotation * new Vector3(-delta_x,0,-delta_y)+transform.position;
//Debug.Log(rotation);
}
//按下鼠标右键.
if(Input.GetMouseButton(1)){
delta_rotation_x = Input.GetAxis("Mouse X") * RotateSpeed;
delta_rotation_y = Input.GetAxis("Mouse Y") * RotateSpeed;
position = transform.rotation*new Vector3(0,0,distance)+transform.position;
transform.Rotate(0,delta_rotation_x,0,Space.World);
transform.Rotate(delta_rotation_y,0,0);
transform.position = transform.rotation * new Vector3(0,0,-distance)+position;
}
//滑动鼠标滚动条.
if(Input.GetAxis("Mouse ScrollWheel")!=0){
delta_z = -Input.GetAxis("Mouse ScrollWheel") * ZoomSpeed;
transform.Translate(0,0,-delta_z);
distance += delta_z;
}

}
/// <summary>
/// 初始化珠球
/// </summary>
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>void SpawnBall()
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>{
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>Instantiate(ballPrefab, new Vector3(1.81f, 1.0f , 9.75f), Quaternion.identity);//实例化珠球.
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>}
/// <summary>
/// 界面的渲染
/// </summary>
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>void OnGUI(){
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>GUILayout.Label("作者：朱俊璋、王士溥");
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>GUILayout.Space(10);//添加空格.
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>GUILayout.Label(" 己击打: " + blocksHit + "/" + totalBlocks);
//游戏开始.
if (GUI.Button(new Rect(0,150,80,30),"开始游戏")) {
SpawnBall();
}

<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>if (gameState == BreakoutGameState.lost)
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>{
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>GUILayout.Label("你输了！");
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>if (GUILayout.Button("重新加载"))
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>{
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>Application.LoadLevel(Application.loadedLevel);//重新加载关卡.

<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>}
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>}else if (gameState == BreakoutGameState.win)
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>{
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>GUILayout.Label("你赢了！");
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>if (GUILayout.Button("重新加载"))
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>{
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>Application.LoadLevel(Application.loadedLevel);
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>}
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>}
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>}
/// <summary>
/// 击打砖块
/// </summary>
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>public void HitBlock()
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>{
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span> <span style="white-space:pre">	</span>blocksHit++;
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>if (blocksHit%10 == 0) //每击打十个砖块生成新的珠球.
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span> <span style="white-space:pre">	</span>{
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>SpawnBall();
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span> }
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span> if (blocksHit >= totalBlocks)//游戏胜利.
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>{
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>WinGame();
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>}
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>}
/// <summary>
/// 珠球掉落
/// </summary>
public void LostBall()
{
int ballsLeft = GameObject.FindGameObjectsWithTag("Player").Length;//获得剩余珠球数.
if(ballsLeft<=1){
SetGameOver();//游戏结束.
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 游戏胜利
/// </summary>
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>public void WinGame()
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>{
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>Time.timeScale = 0.0f; //设置游戏暂停.
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>gameState = BreakoutGameState.win;
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>}
/// <summary>
/// 游戏失败
/// </summary>
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>public void SetGameOver()
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>{
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>Time.timeScale = 0.0f; //设置游戏暂停.
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>gameState = BreakoutGameState.lost;
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>}
}
Ball类:该类绑定在BallPre.prefab游戏组件中，用于控制小球的速度。
using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class Ball : MonoBehaviour {

public float maxVelocity = 20;//珠球最大速度.
public float minVelocity = 15;//珠球最小速度.

void Awake () {
rigidbody.velocity = new Vector3(0, 0, -18);//小球初始速度.
}

void Update () {
//控制小球的速度在15—20之间.
float totalVelocity = Vector3.Magnitude(rigidbody.velocity);//得到珠球的总的速度.
if(totalVelocity > maxVelocity){
float tooHard = totalVelocity / maxVelocity;
rigidbody.velocity /= tooHard;
}
else if (totalVelocity < minVelocity)
{
float tooSlowRate = totalVelocity / minVelocity;
rigidbody.velocity /= tooSlowRate;
}
//print(rigidbody.velocity);
//若珠球的z坐标小于-3,游戏结束.
if(transform.position.z <= -3){
BreakoutGame.SP.LostBall();
Destroy(gameObject);//消除游戏组件.
}
//print (rigidbody.velocity);
}
}
Paddle类：该脚本绑定到游戏组件paddle中，用于调节控制板条的移动。
using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class Paddle : MonoBehaviour {

public float moveSpeed = 20;

void Update () {
//获取水平方向,得到移动距离.
float moveInput = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal") * Time.deltaTime * moveSpeed;
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>transform.position += new Vector3(moveInput, 0, 0);
//控制板条移动范围.
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>float max = 14.0f;
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>if (transform.position.x <= -max || transform.position.x >= max)
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>{
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>  <span style="white-space:pre">	</span>float xPos = Mathf.Clamp(transform.position.x, -max, max); //板条移动的x坐标范围在-max和max之间.
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>    <span style="white-space:pre">	</span>transform.position = new Vector3(xPos, transform.position.y, transform.position.z);
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>}
}
/// <summary>
/// 增加小球碰撞后的水平速度,否则小球左右反弹的效果不理想。当珠球退出碰撞时调用该方法
/// </summary>
/// <param name="collisionInfo">Collision info.碰撞事件</param>
void OnCollisionExit(Collision collisionInfo ) {
Rigidbody rigid = collisionInfo.rigidbody;//得到我们碰撞的刚体.
float xDistance = rigid.position.x - transform.position.x;//碰撞的珠球与板条的水平距离，落到板条中间时，水平速度保持不变.
rigid.velocity = new Vector3(rigid.velocity.x + xDistance, rigid.velocity.y, rigid.velocity.z);//刚体碰撞后的速度.
}
}
Block类：该脚本绑定到砖块Block中。
using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class Block : MonoBehaviour {
/// <summary>
/// 触发器
/// </summary>
void OnCollisionEnter () {
BreakoutGame.SP.HitBlock();
Destroy(gameObject);//删除组件
}
}


性能分析：





CPU Usage





GPU Usage





Rendering



Memory



Physics





心得体会：
这次的作业与上一次有很大的区别，需要两个人的分工和合作，这次的内容更加贴近我们兴趣和爱好，贴近实际应用，而且使用了当下流行的3d游戏引擎Unity 3D。
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