oracle批量数据导入工具 sqlldr

sqlldr工具参数：

[oracle@server ~]$ sqlldr

SQL*Loader: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Wed Nov 19 09:47:56 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Usage: SQLLDR keyword=value [,keyword=value,...]

Valid Keywords:

userid -- ORACLE username/password
control -- control file name
log -- log file name
bad -- bad file name
data -- data file name
discard -- discard file name
discardmax -- number of discards to allow          (Default all)
skip -- number of logical records to skip    (Default 0)
load -- number of logical records to load    (Default all)
errors -- number of errors to allow            (Default 50)
rows -- number of rows in conventional path bind array or between direct path data saves
(Default: Conventional path 64, Direct path all)
bindsize -- size of conventional path bind array in bytes  (Default 256000)
silent -- suppress messages during run (header,feedback,errors,discards,partitions)
direct -- use direct path                      (Default FALSE)
parfile -- parameter file: name of file that contains parameter specifications
parallel -- do parallel load                     (Default FALSE)
file -- file to allocate extents from
skip_unusable_indexes -- disallow/allow unusable indexes or index partitions  (Default FALSE)
skip_index_maintenance -- do not maintain indexes, mark affected indexes as unusable  (Default FALSE)
commit_discontinued -- commit loaded rows when load is discontinued  (Default FALSE)
readsize -- size of read buffer                  (Default 1048576)
external_table -- use external table for load; NOT_USED, GENERATE_ONLY, EXECUTE  (Default NOT_USED)
columnarrayrows -- number of rows for direct path column array  (Default 5000)
streamsize -- size of direct path stream buffer in bytes  (Default 256000)
multithreading -- use multithreading in direct path
resumable -- enable or disable resumable for current session  (Default FALSE)
resumable_name -- text string to help identify resumable statement
resumable_timeout -- wait time (in seconds) for RESUMABLE  (Default 7200)
date_cache -- size (in entries) of date conversion cache  (Default 1000)
no_index_errors -- abort load on any index errors  (Default FALSE)

PLEASE NOTE: Command-line parameters may be specified either by
position or by keywords.  An example of the former case is 'sqlldr
scott/tiger foo'; an example of the latter is 'sqlldr control=foo
userid=scott/tiger'.  One may specify parameters by position before
but not after parameters specified by keywords.  For example,
'sqlldr scott/tiger control=foo logfile=log' is allowed, but
'sqlldr scott/tiger control=foo log' is not, even though the
position of the parameter 'log' is correct.
[oracle@server ~]$

创建测试表：

[oracle@server ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Wed Nov 19 09:39:58 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> create table test(name varchar2(20), id varchar2(20));

Table created.

SQL> exit

准备要导入数据data.txt：

[oracle@server ~]$ vi data.txt
jack,20141119
jimmy,20141118
sara,20141120

编写导入控制文件input.ctl：

[oracle@server ~]$ vi input.ctl
LOAD DATA
INFILE 'data.txt'
INTO TABLE test
APPEND
FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"'
(name, id)

执行导入：

[oracle@server ~]$ sqlldr userid=\'/ as sysdba\' control=input.ctl

SQL*Loader: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Wed Nov 19 09:44:46 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Commit point reached - logical record count 3

可以看出影响记录为3行，说明导入成功。

另外，导入过程的详细信息可以在默认日志文件input.log中查看，如：

[oracle@server ~]$ more input.log

SQL*Loader: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Wed Nov 19 09:44:46 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Control File:   input.ctl
Data File:      data.txt
Bad File:     data.bad
Discard File:  none specified

(Allow all discards)

Number to load: ALL
Number to skip: 0
Errors allowed: 50
Bind array:     64 rows, maximum of 256000 bytes
Continuation:    none specified
Path used:      Conventional

Table TEST, loaded from every logical record.
Insert option in effect for this table: APPEND

Column Name                  Position   Len  Term Encl Datatype
------------------------------ ---------- ----- ---- ---- ---------------------
NAME                                FIRST     *   ,  O(") CHARACTER
ID                                   NEXT     *   ,  O(") CHARACTER

Table TEST:
3 Rows successfully loaded.
0 Rows not loaded due to data errors.
0 Rows not loaded because all WHEN clauses were failed.
0 Rows not loaded because all fields were null.

Space allocated for bind array:                  33024 bytes(64 rows)
Read   buffer bytes: 1048576

Total logical records skipped:          0
Total logical records read:             3
Total logical records rejected:         0
Total logical records discarded:        0

Run began on Wed Nov 19 09:44:46 2014
Run ended on Wed Nov 19 09:44:47 2014

Elapsed time was:     00:00:00.30
CPU time was:         00:00:00.02