Ubuntu(Linux)下安装Matlab

以前尝试ubuntu来替代我的windows的时候安装各种必备的软件真是一个要死的过程，但是对英文没那么恐惧之后会发现国外的论坛给出的很多解决方案是真的很有效，同时最好的方法当然是直接搜索官方的安装指南。

我就是用google搜索了一下matlab ubuntu guide就搜出了官方的教程，不得不说还是google搜索的比较准确。不得不说某度搜索出来的结果我真是醉掉了。

我这边直接把网站贴这儿了，为自己以后再安装存个档

安装步骤

1、右键.iso 文件->打开方式->磁盘映像挂载器

2、cd /media/username/MATHWORKS_R2014A

3、sudo ./install

然后就开始安装了，就跟windows下安装一样，某些过程也一样（穷学生god bless）

4、sudo apt-get install matlab-support

配置环境、连启动器都配好了。

Official
Documentation

Community
Help Wiki

Contribute

Page
History

Login
to edit

MATLAB

目录 Introduction MATLAB R2014b on Ubuntu 14.04 From ISO From Download Install MATLAB R2012a Important Note Regarding Ubuntu 12.04 Important Note Regarding Student version (32-bit) Installation Instructions Basic Create A MATLAB Launcher/shortcut MEX functions Warning Troubleshooting No MATLAB bin directory for glnxa64 Solution for the command line (CLI) launch Solution for the graphical (GUI) launch libc.so.6 not found libXmu.so.6 not found Java problems Source Matlab executable not in path Failure loading desktop class Previous Versions External Links

Parent page: Programming
Applications

Introduction

MATLAB® is a high-level language and interactive environment that enables you to perform computationally intensive tasks faster than with traditional programming languages such as C, C++, and Fortran.

You can use MATLAB in a wide range of applications, including signal and image processing, communications, control design, test and measurement, financial modeling and analysis, and computational biology. Add-on toolboxes (collections of special-purpose MATLAB
functions, available separately) extend the MATLAB environment to solve particular classes of problems in these application areas.

MATLAB provides a number of features for documenting and sharing your work. You can integrate your MATLAB code with other languages and applications, and distribute your MATLAB algorithms and applications.

MATLAB R2014b on Ubuntu 14.04

From ISO

First, mount the .iso file of the image with right-click, Open with and select Disk image mounter (if required).

Open a terminal and change to the mounted image file. For example:

cd /media/username/MATHWORKS_R2014A

From Download

Download the install file from http://www.mathworks.com/downloads/

Unzip and open downloaded directoy

Install

Run the installer as a super user

sudo ./install

Follow the instructions of the installer and install in /usr/local/MATLAB/R2014a

To add an entry to the launcher and some other features, install the matlab-support package:

sudo apt-get install matlab-support

During the installation you have to confirm the installation path of matlab and could restrict the installation only to certain users (which I did not require). In addition you could rename the GCC libraries, but I had no problems so far so I didn't deactivate
those.

After completion, you have to change the ownership of the .matlab folder in the home folder to your own user account if you do not want to run Matlab as a super user.

cd ~ sudo chown username -R ~/.matlab

Now Matlab should also be launchable through unity and should work as intended.

MATLAB R2012a

Important Note Regarding Ubuntu 12.04

MATLAB R2012a was released on March 1, 2012. Please note that this is prior to the release of Ubuntu 12.04. Consequently Ubuntu 12.04 is not a supported operating system for MATLAB R2012a as it can be seen in the MATLAB
Roadmap.

MATLAB R2012a users are strongly encouraged to install R2012a on Ubuntu
10.04 LTS or Ubuntu
10.10 for best results. Help for the installation of MATLAB R2012a on Ubuntu 12.04 will however be given through this tutorial.

Important Note Regarding Student version (32-bit)

Unfortunately, 32-bit is the only version available to students.

If you have a 64-bit system, you will have some trouble but it is normally possible to go through each of them and the details are in theTroubleshooting section.

The following helps you be a length ahead of these problem. If you have
a 64-bit system, you can still install 32-bit version of MATLAB. However,
you will need to install the
"ia32-libs" package before the installation. If you have Ubuntu 13.10 or later, check out this
thread for more information.

Once it is installed, run the installer with the -glnx86 argument to force it to use 32-bit

sudo /media/MATHWORKS_R2012A/install -glnx86 -v

Though for R2012a it is not necessary anymore. If you don't run it with
the -glnx86 argument, MATLAB will just say

Could not find JRE for glnxa64.  Trying glnx86.

at the start of the installation. And it will use 32-bit.

Then, just follow the instructions of the Installation Instructions section.

After the installation, you will need to run MATLAB with the -glnx86 argument to force it to use 32-bit

matlab -glnx86

See the Troubleshooting section for more details on this.

Installation Instructions

Basic

You will need superuser privileges. The assumption is that MATLAB install files are located at /media/MATHWORKS_R2012a in
your filesystem.

See the Troubleshooting section if you get into trouble during the installation.

1. Run the MATLAB installer with the following Terminal command (The -v argument is for the install script
to be verbose which means, it is more likely to warn you if something weird happens):

sudo /media/MATHWORKS_R2012A/install -v

If it complains about java, try installing install
''OpenJDK Java 6'' package because MATLAB is not compliant with Java 7.

2. When prompted to 'Choose installation type' you should select custom. This will allow you to create symbolic links to
MATLAB in/usr/local/bin.



3. When prompted to 'Specify installation folder' it is recommended that you use the default folder /usr/local/MATLAB/R2012a (or
the default/usr/local/MATLAB/R2012a_student if you have a student version).



If you have a student version, the default folder will be /usr/local/MATLAB/R2012a_Student.

4. When given the option to 'Create symbolick links to MATLAB scripts in:' it is recommended that you check the box and
use the supplied path /usr/local/bin.



5. You can check that your installation work by executing the following command

matlab

See the Troubleshooting section if you get errors.

Create A MATLAB Launcher/shortcut

Automatic option: install package "matlab-support", sudo apt-get install matlab-support or via the Software
Center on the dashboard.

Manual option as follows.

1. Get an icon:

sudo wget http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Matlab_Logo.png -O /usr/share/icons/matlab.png

2. Get the launcher file:

sudo wget 'https://help.ubuntu.com/community/MATLAB?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=matlab-r2012a.desktop' -O /usr/share/applications/matlab.desktop

If you have the student version of MATLAB (or simply the 32 bit version) on a 64 bit system, you will need to modify this file. Run

gksudo gedit /usr/share/applications/matlab.desktop

Then uncomment #Exec=matlab -arch=glnx86 -desktop and comment Exec=matlab -desktop (by
adding or removing the # character).

If you get two MATLAB launcher icons in your Unity laucher, try uncommenting the following line in /usr/share/applications/matlab.desktop:

StartupWMClass=com-mathworks-util-PostVMInit

If your launcher does not work, see the Troubleshooting section.

MEX functions

Warning

The content of this section has been written for R2011a with Ubuntu 10.04 and 10.10. It
may vary a lot if you are using the R2012a with Ubuntu 12.04.

If you try to compile MEX functions you may see a message like the following:

Warning: You are using gcc version "4.4.4-14ubuntu5)".  The version
currently supported with MEX is "4.3.4".
For a list of currently supported compilers see: http://www.mathworks.com/support/compilers/current_release/[/code] 
Note this is a warning - the MEX function will still compile.

The following instructions will setup gcc 4.3 and make it the default compiler for MATLAB:

1. Install The GNU Compiler
Collection 4.3 and The GNU
Standard C++ Library

2. Make a MATLAB specific bin directory for gcc symlink.
mkdir ~/.matlab/bin


3. Symlink gcc to gcc-4.3 via user MATLAB specific bin directory.
ln -s /usr/bin/gcc-4.3 ~/.matlab/bin/gcc


4. Add MATLAB specific bin directory to the front of your system $PATH within your local startup.m file.
printf "setenv('PATH',sprintf('/home/%%s/.matlab/bin:%%s',getenv('USER'),getenv('PATH')));\n" >> ~/Documents/MATLAB/startup.m


Steps 3 and 4 above may not work for at least one instance of a user trying to compile using MEX in MATLAB R2011a running on Ubuntu 10.10. An alternative is to do the following:

3a. At the MATLAB Command Window prompt, type:

mex -setup


and choose option 2 which says:
2: /usr/local/MATLAB/R2011a/bin/mexopts.sh :
Template Options file for building MEX-files via the system ANSI compiler


This will copy to your home directory a local copy of the file mexopts.sh.

4a. Then edit this local file:

sudo gedit ~/.matlab/R2011a/mexopts.sh


and replace all instances of CC='gcc' to CC='gcc-4.3', CXX='g++' to CXX='g++-4.3',
and FC='gfortran' to FC='gfortran-4.3'.
Save and exit. The next time you run MEX in MATLAB to compile it will work properly.

For more ideas, try this
thread or this
one.


Troubleshooting

No MATLAB bin directory for glnxa64
If MATLAB tells you
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Warning: Cannot locate Java Runtime Environment (JRE) . . .

1. Either a correct JRE was not available for redistribution when
this release was shipped, in which case you should refer to the
Release Notes for additional information about how to get it.

2. Or you have tried to use the MATLAB_JAVA environment variable
to specify an alternate JRE, but MATLAB cannot find it.  Please
run 'matlab -n' to determine what value you are using for
MATLAB_JAVA and fix accordingly.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

matlab: No MATLAB bin directory for this machine architecture.

ARCH = glnxa64


when you launch it, you will need to force it to use glnx86.


Solution for the command line (CLI) launch
To do so, run
matlab -glnx86


If you like launching MATLAB from the command line, you will maybe find it inconvenient to write -glnx86 each
time you need to launch it. You can then add it in your ~/.bashrc (at
the end if you hesitate where to put it)
alias matlab='matlab -glnx86'



Solution for the graphical (GUI) launch
You will need to add the -glnx86 argument to matlab in
the exec line of your file /usr/share/applications/matlab.desktop If
you have followed the 'Create a MATLAB Launcher' section, you can just comment the line with the argument -glnx86 and
uncomment the next line as explained in the file.


libc.so.6 not found
If you have Ubuntu 12.04 you like get the following error when running Matlab graphically:
/usr/local/bin/matlab: 1: /usr/local/MATLAB/R2012a/bin/util/oscheck.sh: /lib64/libc.so.6: not found


or
/usr/local/bin/matlab: 1: /usr/local/MATLAB/R2012a/bin/util/oscheck.sh: /lib/libc.so.6: not found


Matlab R2012a targeted Ubuntu 10.04 and so it's looking for libc.so.6 in a different location then where is
found under Ubuntu 12.04 LTS. This can be fixed by making two small changes to matlab's oscheck.sh script.
sudo cp /usr/local/MATLAB/R2012a/bin/util/oscheck.sh{,.original}
sudo chmod 755 /usr/local/MATLAB/R2012a/bin/util/oscheck.sh
sudo nano /usr/local/MATLAB/R2012a/bin/util/oscheck.sh


Make these two edits:

Line #177
/lib/libc.so.6
becomes
/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libc.so.6
Line #184
/lib64/libc.so.6
becomes
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6

libXmu.so.6 not found
If you get
/usr/local/MATLAB/R2012a_Student/bin/glnx86/MATLAB: error while loading shared libraries: libXmu.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory


just install the "ia32-libs"
package.


Java problems
If you get
exec: 2433: /tmp/install.dir.880/Linux/resource/jre/bin/java: not found


or
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class java.awt.Component
at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
...
Finished


during the installation or MATLAB fails at startup after the installation is complete, maybe
you are trying to install a 32-bit version of MATLAB on a 64-bit system because you have the student version or for whatever reason (see Important
Note Regarding Student version and How To Install 32-bit MATLAB on 64-bit system).

In order to do that, you need to install
the "ia32-libs" package.

Source
http://www.mathworks.nl/support/solutions/en/data/1-C7174M/index.html?product=PB&solution=1-C7174M


Matlab executable not in path
If the matlab executable is not in your PATH, the matlab.desktop file needs to be edited. Replace
matlab -desktop


with the full executable path (default: /usr/local/MATLAB/R2012a/bin/matlab)
/usr/local/MATLAB/R2012a/bin/matlab -desktop


or you can add the Matlab bin folder in your path at login adding this line in your ~/.profile
PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/MATLAB/R2012a/bin



Failure loading desktop class
Fatal Error on startup: Internal Error: Failure occurs during desktop startup. Details: Failure loading desktop class.


That means Matlab has trooble loading the Java Virtual Machine. I solved it by asking him to use the jvm installed on Ubuntu and not the version shipped with MATLAB. So
do
export MATLAB_JAVA=/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/jre matlab


for 64 bit MATLAB (install install
the "openjdk-7-jre" package first) and
export MATLAB_JAVA=/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-i386/jre matlab -arch=glnx86


for the student version (install install
the "openjdk-7-jre:i386" package first).

If it works, update the file /usr/share/applications/matlab.desktop accordingly, changing
Exec=matlab -arch=glnx86 -desktop


to
Exec=MATLAB_JAVA=/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-i386/jre matlab -arch=glnx86 -desktop


for example (for the student version).


Previous Versions
R2011a

R2010b

R2010a

R2009b


External Links
Compatibility information:

< http://www.mathworks.nl/support/sysreq/sv-r2012a/linux.html >
- System Requirements - Release 2012a

< http://www.mathworks.com/support/compilers/R2012a/glnxa64.html >
- Supported and Compatible Compilers – Release 2012a - Linux

For more information about MATLAB see the following links

< http://www.mathworks.com/ >
- MathWorks -
MATLAB and Simulink for Technical Computing.

< http://www.mathworks.com/products/matlab/ >
- MATLAB - The Language Of Technical Computing

< http://www.mathworks.com/access/helpdesk/help/techdoc/matlab.html >
- MATLAB Documentation.

< http://www.mathworks.com/support/ >
- The MathWorks Support.

< http://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/ >
- MATLAB Central.

< http://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/ >
- MATLAB Central File Exchange.