用Linux Shell脚本轻松管理Radius服务器

公司的无线环境采用mac地址认证的方式，mac地址被绑定到Radius的users配置文件中，将注册了的mac地址作为用户名和密码。为了方便的管理这些mac地址，自己写了一个shell脚本来管理。

shell脚本所特有的强大文本处理能力和各种命令函数的组合，使得管理员的工作能轻松不少。

下面就列出该脚本的功能以示参考：
添加mac地址
删除mac地址
查找mac地址
去除重复mac地址
检查mac地址合法性
TODO，导入导出mac地址，添加注释

其中用到的Shell脚本技术包括但不限于：
文本文件的列处理和行处理，如sed、awk等命令
字符串查找、过滤、大小写转换，bash和grep等命令
获取、计算、比较字符串长度，bash和wc等命令
mac地址正则表达式的处理和类型转换
shell编程操作、包括文件包含、函数、参数传递、返回值等
其他

代码示例：

#!/bin/bash
#

# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

RADIUSD=/usr/sbin/radiusd
LOCKF=/var/lock/subsys/radiusd
CONFIG=/etc/raddb/radiusd.conf
USERCONFIG=/etc/raddb/users

[ -f $RADIUSD ] || exit 0
[ -f $CONFIG ] || exit 0
[ -f $USERCONFIG ] || exit 0

RETVAL=0

OPERATION=$1
MACADDRESS=$2

function help()
{
    clear
    echo $""
    echo $"===================================================================================="
    echo $"For Radius on Fedora/CentOS/RadHat Linux Server, Written by Chris"
    echo $"===================================================================================="
    echo $"A tool to manage Radius server"
    echo $""
    echo $"Usage: $0 {find|add|modify|delete|check|remove|start|stop|status|restart|reload} mac"
    #TODO
    echo $"Usage: $0 {import|export|debug}"
    echo $""
    echo $"For more information please contract dgdenterprise@gmail.com"
    echo $"===================================================================================="
    echo $""
    exit 1
}

function mac()
{
    if [ -z $MACADDRESS ];then
        echo $"no mac address is signed! "
        echo $"\$2 is $MACADDRESS"
        exit 1
    else
                if [[ "${#MACADDRESS}" != "12" ]] && [[ "${#MACADDRESS}" != "17" ]] ;then
            echo "mac length is ${#MACADDRESS}"
                        echo "mac address is illegal! "
            exit 1
#                else
#                        echo $"mac which you input is $MACADDRESS"
                fi
        #echo $MACADDRESS | sed -nr '/[A-Fa-f0-9]{2}:[A-Fa-f0-9]{2}:[A-Fa-f0-9]{2}:[A-Fa-f0-9]{2}:[A-Fa-f0-9]{2}:[A-Fa-f0-9]{2}/p'
        #echo $MACADDRESS | sed -nr '/[A-Fa-f0-9]{2}-[A-Fa-f0-9]{2}-[A-Fa-f0-9]{2}-[A-Fa-f0-9]{2}-[A-Fa-f0-9]{2}-[A-Fa-f0-9]{2}/p'
        #echo $MACADDRESS | sed -nr '/[A-Fa-f0-9]{12}/p'
        if [[ `echo $MACADDRESS | grep -` ]];then
            PROMAC=`echo $MACADDRESS | sed -nr '/[A-Fa-f0-9]{2}-[A-Fa-f0-9]{2}-[A-Fa-f0-9]{2}-[A-Fa-f0-9]{2}-[A-Fa-f0-9]{2}-[A-Fa-f0-9]{2}/p' | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]' | sed 's/-//g'`
        elif [[ `echo $MACADDRESS | grep :` ]];then
            PROMAC=`echo $MACADDRESS | sed -nr '/[A-Fa-f0-9]{2}:[A-Fa-f0-9]{2}:[A-Fa-f0-9]{2}:[A-Fa-f0-9]{2}:[A-Fa-f0-9]{2}:[A-Fa-f0-9]{2}/p' | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]' | sed 's/://g'`
        else
            PROMAC=`echo $MACADDRESS | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]'`
        fi
        echo $PROMAC
    fi
}

function find()
{
    MAC=`mac`
    echo $"accepted mac is $MAC"
    if [[ `grep $MAC $USERCONFIG` ]]; then
        MACLINE=`grep -n $MAC $USERCONFIG | awk -F ':' '{print $1}'`
        #echo $MACLINE
        MACLINECOUNT=$(echo $MACLINE | wc -w)
        #echo $MACLINECOUNT
        if [[ "$MACLINECOUNT" != "1" ]];then
            echo $"ERROR, this mac $MAC has duplicate record, you should use $0 remove $MAC to remove duplicate record"
            exit 1
        fi
        echo $"Successfully find $MAC in $MACLINE line of file $USERCONFIG! "
        echo
        REVAL=$?
    else
        echo $"Can not find $MAC in file $USERCONFIG! "
        echo
        exit 1
        REVAL=$?
    fi
}

function add()
{
    MAC=`mac`
    echo $"accepted mac is $MAC"
    #find $MAC
    LINENUM=`grep -n "Cleartext-Password :='" users | grep -v \# | head -n1 | awk -F ":" '{print $1}'`
    SEDOPERATION=$LINENUM"a"
    sed -i "$SEDOPERATION $MAC    Cleartext-Password :='$MAC'" $USERCONFIG
    find $MAC
    restart
}

function modify()
{
    MAC=`mac`
    find $MAC
    #TODO

}

function delete()
{
        MAC=`mac`
        echo $"accepted mac is $MAC"
        if [[ `grep $MAC $USERCONFIG` ]]; then
                MACLINE=`grep -n $MAC $USERCONFIG | awk -F ':' '{print $1}'`
                ##echo $MACLINE
                #MACLINECOUNT=$(echo $MACLINE | wc -w)
                ##echo $MACLINECOUNT
                #if [[ "$MACLINECOUNT" != "1" ]];then
                #        echo $"ERROR, this mac $MAC has duplicate record, you should use $0 remove $MAC to remove duplicate record"
                #        exit 1
                #fi
                echo $"Successfully find $MAC in $MACLINE line of file $USERCONFIG! "
        echo $"It will be deleted! "
        sed -i "$MACLINE d" $USERCONFIG
        #TODO
        echo $"If you see 'Can not find $MAC in file $USERCONFIG! ', it means successfully! "
        find $MAC
                echo
                REVAL=$?
        else
                echo $"Can not find $MAC in file $USERCONFIG! "
                echo
                REVAL=$?
        fi
}

function check()
{
    MAC=`mac`
    find $MAC
    remove $MAC
}

function remove()
{
    MAC=`mac`
        echo $"accepted mac is $MAC"
    #TODO
    #echo $"backuped file to file $FILENAME"
        if [[ `grep $MAC $USERCONFIG` ]]; then
                MACLINE=`grep -n $MAC $USERCONFIG | awk -F ':' '{print $1}'`
                #echo $MACLINE
                MACLINECOUNT=$(echo $MACLINE | wc -w)
                #echo $MACLINECOUNT
                if [[ "$MACLINECOUNT" == "1" ]];then
                        echo $"WARNNING, this mac $MAC is good record, no duplicate record has found! "
                        exit 0
                fi
    TOREMOVE="$MAC    Cleartext-Password :='$MAC'"
    sed -i "/^$TOREMOVE$/d" $USERCONFIG
    add $MAC
    fi
}

function restart()
{
    service radiusd restart
}

function reload()
{
    service radiusd reload
}

function status()
{
    service radiusd status
}

case "$1" in 
    find)
        find
        RETVAL=$?
    ;;
    add)
        add
        RETVAL=$?
    ;;
    modify)
        modify
        RETVAL=$?
    ;;
    delete)
        delete
        RETVAL=$?
    ;;
    check)
        check
        RETVAL=$?
    ;;
    remove)
        remove
        RETVAL=$?
    ;;
    start)
        start
        RETVAL=$?
    ;;
    stop)
        stop
        RETVAL=$?
    ;;
    status)
        status
        RETVAL=$?
    ;;
    restart)
        restart
        RETVAL=$?
    ;;
    reload)
        reload
        RETVAL=$?
    ;;
    *)
        help
        exit 1
    ;;
esac