Oracle数据库常用经典查询

本文收集了常用的数据库查询，需要数据库管理员权限：

1. 查询临时表空间使用情况

SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME,
TABLESPACE_SIZE / 1024 / 1024 TABLESPACE_SIZE_MB,
ALLOCATED_SPACE / 1024 / 1024 ALLOCATED_SPACE_MB,
FREE_SPACE / 1024 / 1024 FREE_SPACE_MB,
TO_CHAR((1 - FREE_SPACE / TABLESPACE_SIZE) * 100, '900.00') PERCENTAGE_USED
FROM DBA_TEMP_FREE_SPACE
;

2. 查询使用TEMP表空间的语句的SID, SERIAL#:

SELECT   B.TABLESPACE, B.SEGFILE#, B.SEGBLK#, ROUND (  (  ( B.BLOCKS * P.VALUE ) / 1024 / 1024 / 1024 ), 2 ) SIZE_GB
, A.SID, A.SERIAL#, A.USERNAME, A.OSUSER, A.PROGRAM, A.STATUS
FROM V$SESSION A, V$SORT_USAGE B, V$PROCESS C, V$PARAMETER P
WHERE P.NAME = 'db_block_size'
AND A.SADDR = B.SESSION_ADDR
AND A.PADDR = C.ADDR
ORDER BY SIZE_GB DESC;

3. 根据上面查询 出的SERIAL#,查询出对应的语句：

SELECT S.SID, S.SERIAL#, T.SQL_FULLTEXT,T.SQL_ID,S.SQL_HASH_VALUE,T.HASH_VALUE
FROM V$SESSION S, V$SQL T
WHERE S.SQL_ADDRESS = T.ADDRESS
AND S.SQL_HASH_VALUE = T.HASH_VALUE
AND S.SERIAL# = '&SERIAL#';

4. 查询表空间的使用情况：

SELECT 	TSU.TABLESPACE_NAME, CEIL(TSU.USED_GB) "used GB" --15467
,	DECODE(CEIL(TSF.FREE_GB), NULL,0,CEIL(TSF.FREE_GB)) "free GB"
,	DECODE(100 - CEIL(TSF.FREE_GB/TSU.USED_GB*100), NULL, 100
,   100 - CEIL(TSF.FREE_GB/TSU.USED_GB*100)) "% used"
FROM	(SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME, SUM(BYTES)/1024/1024/1024 USED_GB
FROM DBA_DATA_FILES
GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME
UNION ALL
SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME || '  **TEMP**',SUM(BYTES)/1024/1024/1024 USED_GB
FROM DBA_TEMP_FILES
GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME
) TSU
,	(SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME, SUM(BYTES)/1024/1024/1024 FREE_GB
FROM DBA_FREE_SPACE
GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME
) TSF
WHERE	TSU.TABLESPACE_NAME = TSF.TABLESPACE_NAME (+)
AND ( TSF.TABLESPACE_NAME IN ('&tablespace_name1', '&tablespace_name1') );

5. 查询运行时间长的Session:

SELECT *
FROM
(SELECT *
FROM
(SELECT VP.START_TIME "Start Time",ROUND((VP.LAST_UPDATE_TIME - VP.START_TIME)*60*24*60) ELAPSED,VP.MESSAGE "Message",
DECODE (VP.TOTALWORK, 0, 0, ROUND (100 * VP.SOFAR / VP.TOTALWORK, 2)) "Percent", VP.TIME_REMAINING||' sec' REMAINING
FROM V$SESSION_LONGOPS VP
WHERE VP.SID = &session_id --实际要替换的参数
)
ORDER BY 1 DESC
);

6. 查询数据库表的大小

SELECT SEGMENT_NAME, SUM(BYTES) / 1024 / 1024 / 1024 GB
FROM DBA_SEGMENTS
WHERE SEGMENT_NAME = '&table_name' <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">--实际要替换的参数</span>
GROUP BY SEGMENT_NAME;

7. 查询数据库表的依赖：

SELECT * FROM DBA_DEPENDENCIES WHERE REFERENCED_NAME='&object_name';--输入对象名称

8. 输出创建表的语句

DECLARE
V_STR LONG;
CURSOR CUR
IS
SELECT COLUMN_NAME||' '||DECODE(DATA_TYPE,  'NUMBER', DECODE(NULLIF(DATA_LENGTH, 22), NULL, DATA_TYPE, DATA_TYPE||'('||DATA_LENGTH||')'),
'DATE', DATA_TYPE,
DATA_TYPE||'('||DATA_LENGTH||')'
)||','  COL
FROM DBA_TAB_COLS
WHERE TABLE_NAME='&SOURCE_TABLE_NAME'
AND OWNER='&SOURCE_TABLE_OWNER'
ORDER BY COLUMN_NAME ASC;
BEGIN
FOR REC IN CUR LOOP
V_STR:=V_STR||REC.COL||CHR(10);
END LOOP;
V_STR:='CREATE TABLE'||' &TABLE_NAME'||' '||'('||CHR(10)||V_STR||CHR(10)||');';
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(V_STR);
END;

9. 查询表结构

SELECT DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL('TABLE','&table_name','&schema') FROM DUAL;--替换表名与表所在的schema

10. 查询数据库的字符集

SELECT * FROM NLS_DATABASE_PARAMETERS;

11. 查询 数据库用到的database link:

SELECT * FROM DBA_DB_LINKS WHERE DB_LINK='&db_link';

12. 查询数据表上的索引

select * from dba_indexes where owner='&owner' and table_name='&table_name';

13. 查询数据表用到的索引列

select * from dba_ind_columns where index_owner='&owner' and table_name='&table_name';

14. 查询数据表里的存储过程/函数/自定义类型/触发器/包

select * from dba_source
where onwer='&owner'
and type='&type';

15. 查询约束

select * from dba_constraints;
select * from all_constraints;
select * from user_constraints;

16. 查询同义词

select * from dba_synonyms;
select * from all_synonyms;
select * from user_synonyms;

17. 查询出发器

select * from dba_triggers;
select * from all_triggers;
select * from user_triggers;

18. 查询视图

select * from dba_views;
select * from all_views;
select * from user_views;

19. 查询序列

select * from dba_sequences;
select * from all_sequences;
select * from user_sequences;

20. 查询物化视图

select * from DBA_MVIEWS;
select * from ALL_MVIEWS;
select * from USER_MVIEWS;

21. 查询数据库对象

select * from DBA_OBJECTS;
select * from ALL_OBJECTS;
select * from USER_OBJECTS;

22. 查询存储过程

select * from DBA_PROCEDURES;
select * from ALL_PROCEDURES;
select * from USER_PROCEDURES;

23. 查询数据库表

select * from DBA_TABLES;
select * from ALL_TABLES;
select * from USER_TABLES;

24. 查询数据库表的列

select * from DBA_TAB_COLUMNS;
select * from ALL_TAB_COLUMNS;
select * from USER_TAB_COLUMNS;
select * from DBA_TAB_COLS;
select * from ALL_TAB_COLS;
select * from USER_TAB_COLS;

25. 查询数据库表列的备注

select * from DBA_TAB_COMMENTS;
select * from ALL_TAB_COMMENTS;
select * from USER_TAB_COMMENTS;

26. 查看查询的执行计划

explain plan for select * from dict;
select * from table(dbms_xplan.display);

持续更新中...

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如果您们在尝试的过程中遇到什么问题或者我的代码有错误的地方，请给予指正，非常感谢！

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