Oracle利用RMAN做异地恢复实验
2014-10-22 11:28
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一：实验介绍
把一台机器上面的某个数据库恢复到另一台机器上（相当于，建个测试环境，以便进行相关操作）二：实验环境
三：实验准备
在目标恢复机器上建好相关目录：3.1 创建同源库相同的数据库全备所在目录
[oracle@rac2 dbs]$ mkdir -p /home/oracle/dandan/rmanbk3.2 创建相同的控制文件备份目录
[oracle@rac2 flash_recovery_area]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/autobackup/2014_10_213.3 建数据存放目录
[oracle@rac2 ~]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/3.4 建bdump,cdump等几个目录
[oracle@rac2 dbs]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/bdump[oracle@rac2 dbs]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/cdump
[oracle@rac2 dbs]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/udump
[oracle@rac2 dbs]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump
四：实验步骤
4.1 测试数据
--查看源机器下scott.t表现有数据，以便于实验完成后验证是否恢复成功SQL> conn scott/tiger; Connected. SQL> select * 2 from t; ID ---------- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 ID ---------- 12 13 13 rows selected.
4.2 源机器做下数据库全备
RMAN> backup database format '/home/oracle/dandan/rmanbk/%d_%s_%T.bak'; Starting backup at 21-OCT-14 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=145 devtype=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset input datafile fno=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf input datafile fno=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf input datafile fno=00009 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/ogg01.dbf input datafile fno=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf input datafile fno=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf input datafile fno=00006 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/test01.dbf input datafile fno=00007 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undo_test01.dbf input datafile fno=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 21-OCT-14 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 21-OCT-14 piece handle=/home/oracle/dandan/rmanbk/ORCL_17_20141021.bak tag=TAG20141021T045035 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:26 Finished backup at 21-OCT-14 Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 21-OCT-14 piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/autobackup/2014_10_21/o1_mf_s_861511861_b4d7mobl_.bkp comment=NONE Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 21-OCT-14
4.3 拷贝相关文件
4.3.1 拷贝初始化参数文件
[oracle@source_pc dbs]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs[oracle@source_pc dbs]$ ls -l
total 7300
-rw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 1544 Jun 28 03:17 hc_jiao.dat
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1544 Jun 22 01:22 hc_orcl.dat
-rw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 1544 Jun 22 11:43 hc_ORCL.dat
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 12920 May 3 2001 initdw.ora
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 8385 Sep 11 1998 init.ora
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 2472 Jun 22 11:40 initORCL.ora
-rw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 24 Jun 28 03:18 lkJIAO
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 24 Jun 22 01:24 lkORCL
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1536 Jun 28 03:20 orapwjiao
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1536 Jun 22 01:30 orapworcl
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 7389184 Oct 21 03:03 snapcf_ORCL.f
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 3584 Jun 28 03:20 spfilejiao.ora
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 2560 Jun 22 02:54 spfileorcl.ora
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 3584 Oct 21 01:58 spfileORCL.ora
[oracle@source_pc dbs]$ scp initORCL.ora 192.168.8.221:$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/
The authenticity of host '192.168.8.221 (192.168.8.221)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 1c:b2:66:d8:fc:a9:29:45:73:dd:ca:92:ca:b8:0a:20.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.8.221' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
oracle@192.168.8.221's password:
initORCL.ora 100% 2472 2.4KB/s 00:00
4.3.2 拷贝数据库全备文件
[oracle@source_pc dbs]$ scp /home/oracle/dandan/rmanbk/ORCL_17_20141021.bak 192.168.8.221:/home/oracle/dandan/rmanbk/oracle@192.168.8.221's password:
ORCL_17_20141021.bak 100% 715MB 13.3MB/s 00:54
4.3.3 拷贝控制文件备份
[oracle@source_pc rmanbk]# scp /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/autobackup/2014_10_21/o1_mf_s_861511861_b4d7mobl_.bkp 192.168.8.221:/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/autobackup/2014_10_21/The authenticity of host '192.168.8.221 (192.168.8.221)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 1c:b2:66:d8:fc:a9:29:45:73:dd:ca:92:ca:b8:0a:20.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.8.221' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
oracle@192.168.8.221's password:
o1_mf_s_861505385_b4d199pq_.bkp 100% 7296KB 7.1MB/s 00:01
4.4 恢复
4.4.1 启动到nomount状态
[oracle@rac2 dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Oct 21 07:25:27 2014 Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to an idle instance. SQL> startup nomount; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 285212672 bytes Fixed Size 1218992 bytes Variable Size 92276304 bytes Database Buffers 188743680 bytes Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes
4.4.2 恢复控制文件
--在源库查询dbid SQL> select dbid 2 from v$database; DBID ---------- 1378653027 [oracle@rac2 dbs]$ rman target / Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Oct 21 07:38:27 2014 Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. connected to target database: orcl (not mounted) RMAN> set dbid 1378653027; executing command: SET DBID --对于不同数据库来说，DBID应当不同，而db_name则可能是相同的。避免在同机的时候有数据库名相同的情况下，无法识别。 RMAN> restore controlfile from '/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/autobackup/2014_10_21/o1_mf_s_861511861_b4d7mobl_.bkp'; Starting restore at 21-OCT-14 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=152 devtype=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 output filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl output filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl output filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control03.ctl Finished restore at 21-OCT-14
4.4.3 启动数据库到mount状态
RMAN> alter database mount; database mounted released channel: ORA_DISK_1
4.4.4 恢复数据库
RMAN> restore database; Starting restore at 21-OCT-14 Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 21-OCT-14 allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=152 devtype=DISK Crosschecked 16 objects Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 21-OCT-14 Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 21-OCT-14 using channel ORA_DISK_1 Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 21-OCT-14 searching for all files in the recovery area cataloging files... cataloging done List of Cataloged Files ======================= File Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/autobackup/2014_10_21/o1_mf_s_861511861_b4d7mobl_.bkp using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf restoring datafile 00002 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf restoring datafile 00003 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf restoring datafile 00005 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf restoring datafile 00006 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/test01.dbf restoring datafile 00007 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undo_test01.dbf restoring datafile 00009 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/ogg01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/dandan/rmanbk/ORCL_17_20141021.bak channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1 piece handle=/home/oracle/dandan/rmanbk/ORCL_17_20141021.bak tag=TAG20141021T045035 channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:16 Finished restore at 21-OCT-14 RMAN> recover database; Starting recover at 21-OCT-14 using channel ORA_DISK_1 starting media recovery unable to find archive log archive log thread=1 sequence=5 RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS =============== RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 10/21/2014 09:01:21 RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown log: thread 1 seq 5 lowscn 1317773 --可以忽略这个错误
4.4.5 以resetlogs方式打开库
RMAN> alter database open resetlogs; RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS =============== RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-03002: failure of alter db command at 10/21/2014 09:01:49 ORA-00344: unable to re-create online log '/disk/redofile/redo01.log' ORA-27040: file create error, unable to create file Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory --倘若出现上面这个ORA-00344: unable to re-create online log '/disk/redofile/redo01.log'错误，这样解决: --查询日志文件路径 SQL> select member 2 from v$logfile; MEMBER -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /disk/redofile/redo03.log /disk/redofile/redo02.log /disk/redofile/redo01.log /disk/redofile/redo01b.log /disk/redofile/redo02b.log /disk/redofile/redo03b.log 6 rows selected. --重命名日志文件，命名后的日志文件路径可以自定义 SQL> alter database rename file '/disk/redofile/redo03.log' to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo03.log'; Database altered. SQL> alter database rename file '/disk/redofile/redo02.log' to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02.log'; Database altered. SQL> alter database rename file '/disk/redofile/redo01.log' to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo01.log'; Database altered. SQL> alter database rename file '/disk/redofile/redo01b.log' to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo01b.log'; Database altered. SQL> alter database rename file '/disk/redofile/redo02b.log' to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02b.log'; Database altered. SQL> alter database rename file '/disk/redofile/redo03b.log' to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo03b.log'; Database altered. SQL> select member 2 from v$logfile; MEMBER -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo03.log /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02.log /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo01.log /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo01b.log /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02b.log /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo03b.log 6 rows selected. SQL> RMAN> alter database open resetlogs; database opened
4.5 验证是否恢复成功
SQL> select * 2 from scott.t; ID ---------- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 ID ---------- 12 13 13 rows selected. --和备库一样，都有13条数据，说明恢复成功了。 --记得在目标库上做个全备……
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