Linux下启动Oracle数据库

启动数据库实例，分为两步：第一步，启动监听；第二步，启动数据库实例。

进入到sqlplus启动实例

切换到oracle用户

[oracle@aiezfs bin]$ su - oracle

打开监听

[oracle@aiezfs bin]$ ./lsnrctl start

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.1.0.1.0 - Production on 07-OCT-2014 15:41:02

Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Starting /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.1.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /home/oracle/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/aiezfs/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=127.0.0.1)(PORT=1521)))

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.1.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                07-OCT-2014 15:41:04
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /home/oracle/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/aiezfs/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=127.0.0.1)(PORT=1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully

进入到sqlplus

[oracle@aiezfs bin]$ ./sqlplus /nolog

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on Tue Oct 7 15:41:30 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

通过sysdba连接

SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.

启动数据库实例

SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 4.0486E+10 bytes
Fixed Size            4658128 bytes
Variable Size         5368712240 bytes
Database Buffers     3.5031E+10 bytes
Redo Buffers           82210816 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

关闭数据库实例

SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

退出sql

SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options

关闭监听

[oracle@aiezfs bin]$ ./lsnrctl stop

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.1.0.1.0 - Production on 07-OCT-2014 16:39:54

Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
The command completed successfully

通过dbstart和dbshut启动和关闭数据库

启动监听 lsnrctl start,同上

启动实例

[oracle@aiezfs bin]$ ./dbstart
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER is not SET, unable to auto-start Oracle Net Listener
Usage: ./dbstart ORACLE_HOME

使用dbstart命令，需要指定变量ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER，此处等于ORACLE_HOME，可以在dbstart和dbshut脚本文件中，修改变量ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER的值。

ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1,修改为

ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME。

修改后再执行./dbstart