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[笔试题]字符串的排列和组合

2014-09-22 21:41 204 查看
【代码】

C++ Code
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/*

version: 1.0

author: hellogiser

blog: http://www.cnblogs.com/hellogiser
date: 2014/9/22

*/

#include "stdafx.h"

#include "iostream"

#include <vector>

using namespace std;

void print(char *str)

{

cout << str << endl;

}

void swap(char *a, char *b)

{

char t = *a;

*a = *b;

*b = t;

}

//======================================================

// string permutation

// abc =======abc,acb,bac,bca,cab,cba

//======================================================

void permutation(char *str, int len, int index)

{

if (index == len)

{

print(str);

}

else

{

for (int i = index; i < len; i++)

{

swap(str[index], str[i]);

permutation(str, len, index + 1);

swap(str[index], str[i]);

}

}

}

void Permutation(char *str)

{

if(str == NULL || *str == '\0')

return;

int len = strlen(str);

permutation(str, len, 0);

}

//======================================================

// string combination

// abc =========a,b,c,ab,ac,bc,abc

//======================================================

void print(vector<char> &result)

{

vector<char>::iterator iter = result.begin();

for (; iter != result.end(); iter++)

{

cout << *iter;

}

cout << endl;

}

void combination(char *str, int m, vector<char> &result)

{

// exception for example C(1,2)

if(str == NULL || *str == '\0' && m > 0)

return;

//base cases

if (m == 0)

{

print(result);

return;

}

//choose current char C(n-1,m-1)

result.push_back(*str);

combination(str + 1, m - 1, result);

// not choose current char C(n-1,m)

result.pop_back();

combination(str + 1, m, result);

}

void Combination(char *str)

{

if(str == NULL || *str == '\0')

return;

vector<char> result;

int len = strlen(str);

for (int i = 1; i <= len; i++)

{

combination(str, i, result);

}

}

void test_permutation()

{

char str[] = "abc";

Permutation(str);

}

void test_combination()

{

char str[] = "abc";

Combination(str);

}

void test_main()

{

test_permutation();

cout << "==========================\n";

test_combination();

}

int main(void)

{

test_main();

return 0;

}

/*

abc

acb

bac

bca

cba

cab

==========================

a

b

c

ab

ac

bc

abc

*/
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