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android中LayoutInflater累的作用

2014-09-20 13:59 260 查看
Inflater英文意思是膨胀,在android中大概是扩展的意思吧。

LayoutInflater的作用类似于 findViewById(),不同点是LayoutInflater是用来找layout下xml布局文件,并且实例化!而findViewById()是找具体xml下的具体 widget控件(如:Button,TextView等)。

它的用法有2种:

Java代码







LayoutInflater inflater = LayoutInflater.from(this);

View view=inflater.inflate(R.layout.ID, null);
或者干脆并成一句:
View view=LayoutInflater.from(this).inflate(R.layout.ID,
null);

LayoutInflater inflater = LayoutInflater.from(this);
View view=inflater.inflate(R.layout.ID, null);
或者干脆并成一句:
View view=LayoutInflater.from(this).inflate(R.layout.ID, null);


另一种方法:

Java代码







LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater)getSystemService(LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);

View view=inflater.inflate(R.layout.ID, null);

LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater)getSystemService(LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
View view=inflater.inflate(R.layout.ID, null);


上面2种方法本质上是一样的,看下面的源码,form()调用的就是getSystemService():

Java代码







public static LayoutInflater from(Context context) {

LayoutInflater LayoutInflater =
(LayoutInflater) context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
if (LayoutInflater == null) {

throw new AssertionError("LayoutInflater not found.");

}
return LayoutInflater;
}

public static LayoutInflater from(Context context) {
LayoutInflater LayoutInflater =
(LayoutInflater) context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
if (LayoutInflater == null) {
throw new AssertionError("LayoutInflater not found.");
}
return LayoutInflater;
}


另外getSystemService()是Android很重要的一个API,它是Activity的一个方法,根据传入的NAME来取得对应的Object,然后转换成相应的服务对象。以下介绍系统相应的服务。

传入的Name返回的对象说明
WINDOW_SERVICEWindowManager管理打开的窗口程序
LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICELayoutInflater取得xml里定义的view
ACTIVITY_SERVICEActivityManager管理应用程序的系统状态
POWER_SERVICEPowerManger电源的服务
ALARM_SERVICEAlarmManager闹钟的服务
NOTIFICATION_SERVICENotificationManager状态栏的服务
KEYGUARD_SERVICEKeyguardManager键盘锁的服务
LOCATION_SERVICELocationManager位置的服务,如GPS
SEARCH_SERVICESearchManager搜索的服务
VEBRATOR_SERVICEVebrator手机震动的服务
CONNECTIVITY_SERVICEConnectivity网络连接的服务
WIFI_SERVICEWifiManagerWi-Fi服务
TELEPHONY_SERVICETeleponyManager电话服务
Java代码







//基本用法
public void showCustomDialog(){

AlertDialog.Builder builder;
AlertDialog alertDialog;
Context mContext = AppActivity.this;
//下面俩种方法都可以
//LayoutInflater inflater = getLayoutInflater();

LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater)
mContext.getSystemService(LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
View layout = inflater.inflate(R.layout.custom_dialog,null);

TextView text = (TextView) layout.findViewById(R.id.text);
text.setText("Hello, Welcome to Mr Wei's blog!");

ImageView image = (ImageView) layout.findViewById(R.id.image);
image.setImageResource(R.drawable.icon);
builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(mContext);
builder.setView(layout);
alertDialog = builder.create();
alertDialog.show();
}
}

protected void showToast(int type) {

Toast.makeText(this, "*********", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

LayoutInflater li = (LayoutInflater) getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);

View view = li.inflate(R.layout.toast, null);

Toast toast = new Toast(this);

toast.setView(view);
toast.setDuration(type);
toast.show();
}

//基本用法
public void showCustomDialog(){
AlertDialog.Builder builder;
AlertDialog alertDialog;
Context mContext = AppActivity.this;
//下面俩种方法都可以
//LayoutInflater inflater = getLayoutInflater();
LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater)
mContext.getSystemService(LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
View layout = inflater.inflate(R.layout.custom_dialog,null);
TextView text = (TextView) layout.findViewById(R.id.text);
text.setText("Hello, Welcome to Mr Wei's blog!");
ImageView image = (ImageView) layout.findViewById(R.id.image);
image.setImageResource(R.drawable.icon);
builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(mContext);
builder.setView(layout);
alertDialog = builder.create();
alertDialog.show();
}
}

protected void showToast(int type) {
Toast.makeText(this, "*********", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

LayoutInflater li = (LayoutInflater) getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
View view = li.inflate(R.layout.toast, null);

Toast toast = new Toast(this);
toast.setView(view);
toast.setDuration(type);
toast.show();
}


Android 动态加载布局

http://labs.chinamobile.com/mblog/532767_72588?fdlayenxoaencysxyant

由于前段时间项目需要,需要在一个页面上加载根据不同的按钮加载不同的布局页面,当时想到用 tabhot 。不过美工提供的界面图完全用不上tabhot ,所以想到了动态加载的方法来解决这一需求。在这里我整理了一下,写了一个 DEMO 希望大家以后少走点弯路。

首先,我们先把界面的框架图画出来,示意图如下:



中间白色部门是一个线性布局文件,我喜欢在画图的时候用不同的颜色将一块布局标示出来,方便查看。布局文件代码如下:

Xml代码







<?xml
version="1.0"
encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"

android:layout_height="fill_parent">

<LinearLayout
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">

<Button
android:text="加载ListView"
android:id="@+id/Button01"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">

</Button>

<Button
android:text="加载另外一个页面"
android:id="@+id/Button02"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"></Button>

</LinearLayout>

<LinearLayout
android:id="@+id/LinearLayout01"
android:background="#FFFFFF"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"></LinearLayout>

</LinearLayout>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent">

<LinearLayout android:orientation="horizontal"
android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content">
<Button android:text="加载ListView" android:id="@+id/Button01"
android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content">
</Button>
<Button android:text="加载另外一个页面" android:id="@+id/Button02"
android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content"></Button>
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout android:id="@+id/LinearLayout01" android:background="#FFFFFF"
android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent"></LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>


从上面的效果图可以看出,那块白色的线性布局是用来动态加载传进来的布局文件。好了,我们就来做如果把布局文件动态的加载进来。下面我们一步一步来实现这个效果,首先,先把需要的 XML 勾画出来,分为步骤如下。

新建一个布局用来存放 ListView 页面,代码如下:

Xml代码







<?xml
version="1.0"
encoding="UTF-8"?>

<LinearLayout
android:id="@+id/layout"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"

xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">

<ListView
android:id="@+id/ListView01"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"></ListView>

</LinearLayout>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<LinearLayout android:id="@+id/layout"
android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent"
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<ListView android:id="@+id/ListView01" android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"></ListView>
</LinearLayout>


新建一个 ListView 每一行数据的样式,代码如下:

Xml代码







<?xml
version="1.0"
encoding="UTF-8"?>

<LinearLayout
android:id="@+id/LinearLayout01"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"

xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">

<TextView
android:text="@+id/TextView01"
android:id="@+id/TextView01"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"></TextView>

</LinearLayout>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<LinearLayout android:id="@+id/LinearLayout01"
android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent"
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<TextView android:text="@+id/TextView01" android:id="@+id/TextView01"
android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content"></TextView>
</LinearLayout>


新建另外一个页面,用来区分此页面是动态加载的,代码如下:

Xml代码







<?xml
version="1.0"
encoding="UTF-8"?>

<LinearLayout
android:id="@+id/hellolayout"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"

xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">

<TextView
android:text="HELLO"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"></TextView>

</LinearLayout>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<LinearLayout android:id="@+id/hellolayout"
android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent"
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<TextView android:text="HELLO"
android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content"></TextView>
</LinearLayout>


实现ListView 的添充数据,这里不详细介绍如何填充ListView 每行数据,有不解的朋友可以回头看我写的文章:点击这里 ,代码如下:

Java代码







package com.terry;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;

import android.content.Context;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class listAdapter
extends BaseAdapter {

ArrayList<HashMap<String, Object>> list = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, Object>>();

private LayoutInflater inflater;
public listAdapter(Context contex)
{
inflater=LayoutInflater.from(contex);
HashMap<String, Object> map=new HashMap<String, Object>();

for (int i =
0; i < 10; i++) {
map.put("name", "例子");

list.add(map);
}

}

@Override
public int getCount() {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return list.size();
}

@Override
public Object getItem(int position) {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return list.get(position);
}

@Override
public long getItemId(int position) {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return position;
}

@Override
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub
final viewHolder myHolder;
if (convertView==null) {

myHolder=new viewHolder();
convertView=inflater.inflate(R.layout.list_view_row, null);

myHolder.tv=(TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.TextView01);
convertView.setTag(myHolder);
}
else
{
myHolder=(viewHolder)convertView.getTag();
}
myHolder.tv.setText(list.get(position).get("name").toString());

return convertView;
}

}

package com.terry;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;

import android.content.Context;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class listAdapter extends BaseAdapter {

ArrayList<HashMap<String, Object>> list = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, Object>>();

private LayoutInflater inflater;
public listAdapter(Context contex)
{
inflater=LayoutInflater.from(contex);
HashMap<String, Object> map=new HashMap<String, Object>();
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
map.put("name", "例子");
list.add(map);
}

}

@Override
public int getCount() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return list.size();
}

@Override
public Object getItem(int position) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return list.get(position);
}

@Override
public long getItemId(int position) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return position;
}

@Override
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
final viewHolder myHolder;
if (convertView==null) {
myHolder=new viewHolder();
convertView=inflater.inflate(R.layout.list_view_row, null);
myHolder.tv=(TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.TextView01);
convertView.setTag(myHolder);
}
else
{
myHolder=(viewHolder)convertView.getTag();
}
myHolder.tv.setText(list.get(position).get("name").toString());
return convertView;
}

}


项目大纲如下图:



好了,到此我们的准备工作就己经完成,接下来就是要教大家如何实现动态加载上面所画的布局页面了,先看一下效果图:

点击第一个按钮:



点击第二个按钮:



动态加载代码如下:

Java代码







package com.terry;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class dynaActivity
extends Activity {
/** Called when the activity is first created. */

@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);

final LayoutInflater inflater = LayoutInflater.from(this);

Button btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.Button01);
Button btn2 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.Button02);
final LinearLayout lin = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.LinearLayout01);

btn.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

@Override
public void onClick(View v) {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub
LinearLayout layout = (LinearLayout) inflater.inflate(
R.layout.listview, null).findViewById(R.id.layout);

ListView lv=(ListView)layout.getChildAt(0);
lv.setAdapter(new listAdapter(dynaActivity.this));

lin.removeAllViews();
lin.addView(layout);
}
});

btn2.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

@Override
public void onClick(View v) {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub
LinearLayout layout = (LinearLayout) inflater.inflate(
R.layout.hello, null).findViewById(R.id.hellolayout);

TextView lv=(TextView)layout.getChildAt(0);
lv.setTextColor(Color.RED);
lin.removeAllViews();
lin.addView(layout);
}
});
}
}

package com.terry;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class dynaActivity extends Activity {
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);

final LayoutInflater inflater = LayoutInflater.from(this);
Button btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.Button01);
Button btn2 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.Button02);
final LinearLayout lin = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.LinearLayout01);
btn.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
LinearLayout layout = (LinearLayout) inflater.inflate(
R.layout.listview, null).findViewById(R.id.layout);
ListView lv=(ListView)layout.getChildAt(0);
lv.setAdapter(new listAdapter(dynaActivity.this));
lin.removeAllViews();
lin.addView(layout);
}
});

btn2.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
LinearLayout layout = (LinearLayout) inflater.inflate(
R.layout.hello, null).findViewById(R.id.hellolayout);
TextView lv=(TextView)layout.getChildAt(0);
lv.setTextColor(Color.RED);
lin.removeAllViews();
lin.addView(layout);
}
});
}
}


上面通过使用LayoutInflater 每次点击按钮时候去读取布局文件,然后找到布局文件里面的各个VIEW 操作完VIEW 后加载进我们setContentView 方面里面的要放的布局文件里面,每次动态加载文件必需 调用 removeAllViews方法,清除之前的加载进来的 View 。是不是很简单?当然动态加载VIEW 还有许多种方法,多尝试不同写法。可能会领会不一样的心得,祝你早上掌握android 的开发技术。

Tip:因为是基于VIEW 操作,因此你可以用 Animation 的动画效果使其更换界面更为自然,观赏性更强。
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