Stripe data files across multiple physical devices and locations

Stripe data files across multiple physical devices and locations

如果在没有做条带的磁盘(即从存储到OS没有做raid)，那么就需要手工去做I/O的分布。切记，不应该将频繁使用的table和其index分开，这样会正大I/O；

针对tables、indexes、temp tablespace，首先调优SQL，其次如果真心无法再调优SQL，再想办法分离高I/O的数据文件。

考虑归档日志、redo log不要和数据文件放在同一磁盘上，避免lgwr和arcn两大进程造成I/O导致访问数据文件慢

1、条带化redo日志

查看当前redo的位置，及三组的成员

SQL> col member for a55;

SQL> set linesize 120;

SQL> select f.group#,f.member,f.type,l.status,l.bytes/1024/1024 mb from v$log l, v$logfile f where f.group#=l.group#;

    GROUP# MEMBER                                                  TYPE    STATUS                   MB

---------- ------------------------------------------------------- ------- ---------------- ----------

         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo01a.log         ONLINE  CURRENT                 100

         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo01b.log         ONLINE  CURRENT                 100

         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo02a.log         ONLINE  INACTIVE                100

         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo02b.log         ONLINE  INACTIVE                100

         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo03a.log         ONLINE  INACTIVE                100

         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo03b.log         ONLINE  INACTIVE                100

         

添加group 4，然后切换日志，重建1、2、3三个组

SQL> alter database add logfile group 4 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo04a.log','/u03/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo04b.log') size 200m;

Database altered.

SQL> select f.group#,f.member,f.type,l.status,l.bytes/1024/1024 mb from v$log l, v$logfile f where f.group#=l.group#;

    GROUP# MEMBER                                                  TYPE    STATUS                   MB

---------- ------------------------------------------------------- ------- ---------------- ----------

         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo01a.log         ONLINE  CURRENT                 100

         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo01b.log         ONLINE  CURRENT                 100

         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo02a.log         ONLINE  INACTIVE                100

         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo02b.log         ONLINE  INACTIVE                100

         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo03a.log         ONLINE  INACTIVE                100

         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo03b.log         ONLINE  INACTIVE                100

         4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo04a.log         ONLINE  UNUSED                  200

         4 /u03/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo04b.log         ONLINE  UNUSED                  200

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> select f.group#,f.member,f.type,l.status,l.bytes/1024/1024 mb from v$log l, v$logfile f where f.group#=l.group#;

    GROUP# MEMBER                                                  TYPE    STATUS                   MB

---------- ------------------------------------------------------- ------- ---------------- ----------

         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo01a.log         ONLINE  ACTIVE                  100

         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo01b.log         ONLINE  ACTIVE                  100

         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo02a.log         ONLINE  INACTIVE                100

         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo02b.log         ONLINE  INACTIVE                100

         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo03a.log         ONLINE  INACTIVE                100

         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo03b.log         ONLINE  INACTIVE                100

         4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo04a.log         ONLINE  CURRENT                 200

         4 /u03/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo04b.log         ONLINE  CURRENT                 200

SQL> alter system checkpoint;

System altered.

SQL> select f.group#,f.member,f.type,l.status,l.bytes/1024/1024 mb from v$log l, v$logfile f where f.group#=l.group#;

    GROUP# MEMBER                                                  TYPE    STATUS                   MB

---------- ------------------------------------------------------- ------- ---------------- ----------

         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo01a.log         ONLINE  INACTIVE                100

         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo01b.log         ONLINE  INACTIVE                100

         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo02a.log         ONLINE  INACTIVE                100

         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo02b.log         ONLINE  INACTIVE                100

         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo03a.log         ONLINE  INACTIVE                100

         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo03b.log         ONLINE  INACTIVE                100

         4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo04a.log         ONLINE  CURRENT                 200

         4 /u03/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo04b.log         ONLINE  CURRENT                 200

SQL> alter database drop logfile group 1;

Database altered.

SQL> select f.group#,f.member,f.type,l.status,l.bytes/1024/1024 mb from v$log l, v$logfile f where f.group#=l.group#;

    GROUP# MEMBER                                                  TYPE    STATUS                   MB

---------- ------------------------------------------------------- ------- ---------------- ----------

         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo02a.log         ONLINE  INACTIVE                100

         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo02b.log         ONLINE  INACTIVE                100

         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo03a.log         ONLINE  INACTIVE                100

         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo03b.log         ONLINE  INACTIVE                100

         4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo04a.log         ONLINE  CURRENT                 200

         4 /u03/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo04b.log         ONLINE  CURRENT   
4000
              200

如果不用reuse则会出现下面的错误，虽然是drop了，从试图里也查不到了，我们删除时字典里的信息，实际的文件还是存在的

SQL> alter database add logfile group 1 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo01a.log','/u03/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo01b.log') size 200m;

alter database add logfile group 1 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo01a.log','/u03/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo01b.log') size 200m

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-00301: error in adding log file '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo01a.log' - file cannot be created

ORA-27038: created file already exists

Additional information: 1

SQL> alter database add logfile group 1 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo01a.log','/u03/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo01b.log') size 200m reuse;

Database altered.

SQL> select f.group#,f.member,f.type,l.status,l.bytes/1024/1024 mb from v$log l, v$logfile f where f.group#=l.group#;

    GROUP# MEMBER                                                  TYPE    STATUS                   MB

---------- ------------------------------------------------------- ------- ---------------- ----------

         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo01a.log         ONLINE  UNUSED                  200

         1 /u03/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo01b.log         ONLINE  UNUSED                  200

         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo02a.log         ONLINE  INACTIVE                100

         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo02b.log         ONLINE  INACTIVE                100

         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo03a.log         ONLINE  INACTIVE                100

         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo03b.log         ONLINE  INACTIVE                100

         4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo04a.log         ONLINE  CURRENT                 200

         4 /u03/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo04b.log         ONLINE  CURRENT                 200

SQL> alter database drop logfile group 2;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database add logfile group 2 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo02a.log','/u03/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo02b.log') size 200m reuse;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database drop logfile group 3;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database add logfile group 3 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo03a.log','/u03/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo03b.log') size 200m reuse;

Database altered.

SQL> select f.group#,f.member,f.type,l.status,l.bytes/1024/1024 mb from v$log l, v$logfile f where f.group#=l.group#;

    GROUP# MEMBER                                                  TYPE    STATUS                   MB

---------- ------------------------------------------------------- ------- ---------------- ----------

         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo01a.log         ONLINE  UNUSED                  200

         1 /u03/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo01b.log         ONLINE  UNUSED                  200

         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo02a.log         ONLINE  UNUSED                  200

         2 /u03/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo02b.log         ONLINE  UNUSED                  200

         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo03a.log         ONLINE  UNUSED                  200

         3 /u03/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo03b.log         ONLINE  UNUSED                  200

         4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo04a.log         ONLINE  CURRENT                 200

         4 /u03/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo04b.log         ONLINE  CURRENT                 200

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> alter system checkpoint;

System altered.

SQL> select f.group#,f.member,f.type,l.status,l.bytes/1024/1024 mb from v$log l, v$logfile f where f.group#=l.group#;

    GROUP# MEMBER                                                  TYPE    STATUS                   MB

---------- ------------------------------------------------------- ------- ---------------- ----------

         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo01a.log         ONLINE  CURRENT                 200

         1 /u03/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo01b.log         ONLINE  CURRENT                 200

         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo02a.log         ONLINE  UNUSED                  200

         2 /u03/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo02b.log         ONLINE  UNUSED                  200

         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo03a.log         ONLINE  UNUSED                  200

         3 /u03/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo03b.log         ONLINE  UNUSED                  200

         4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo04a.log         ONLINE  INACTIVE                200

         4 /u03/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo04b.log         ONLINE  INACTIVE                200

SQL> alter database drop logfile group 4;

Database altered.

多切几次日志的切换

SQL> select f.group#,f.member,f.type,l.status,l.bytes/1024/1024 mb from v$log l, v$logfile f where f.group#=l.group#;

    GROUP# MEMBER                                                  TYPE    STATUS                   MB

---------- ------------------------------------------------------- ------- ---------------- ----------

         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo01a.log         ONLINE  INACTIVE                200

         1 /u03/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo01b.log         ONLINE  INACTIVE                200

         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo02a.log         ONLINE  CURRENT                 200

         2 /u03/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo02b.log         ONLINE  CURRENT                 200

         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo03a.log         ONLINE  INACTIVE                200

         3 /u03/app/oracle/oradata/redologfile/redo03b.log         ONLINE  INACTIVE                200

[oracle@vm010148 redologfile]$ ll

总计 820032

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 209715712 09-12 09:06 redo01b.log

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 209715712 09-12 09:06 redo02b.log

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 209715712 09-12 09:06 redo03b.log

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 209715712 09-12 09:02 redo04b.log==>虽然做了删除动作，实际的物理文件还是存在的

2、条带化 数据文件的话，可以再增加数据文件，可以用DBMS_FILE_TRANSFER来做已经的数据文件位置的变动，新添加文件的位置可以用

ALTER TABLESPACE SYSTEM ADD DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/datafile/system.dbf' SIZE 400M;

3、条带化归档日志

You can choose to archive redo logs to a single destination or to multiple destinations. Destinations can be local—within the local file system or an Oracle Automatic Storage Management (Oracle ASM) disk group—or remote (on a standby database). When you archive
to multiple destinations, a copy of each filled redo log file is written to each destination. These redundant copies help ensure that archived logs are always available in the event of a failure at one of the destinations.

上面的这句话可以看出，所谓条带化归档，只是冗余了redo file copy，压根，没有想象的那样打散日志文件放在多处

alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/archivelogfile/ORCL11G/archivelog/ORCL11G/archivelog' scope=both;

alter system set log_archive_dest_2='location=/u03/app/oracle/oradata/archivelog' scope=both;

SQL> SET LINESIZE 120;

SQL>COL NAME FOR A120;

SQL> SELECT NAME FROM V$ARCHIVED_LOG WHERE NAME IS NOT NULL ORDER BY COMPLETION_TIME;

NAME

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/archivelogfile/ORCL11G/archivelog/ORCL11G/archivelog/1_240_855936488.dbf

/u03/app/oracle/oradata/archivelog/1_240_855936488.dbf

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/archivelogfile/ORCL11G/archivelog/ORCL11G/archivelog/1_241_855936488.dbf

/u03/app/oracle/oradata/archivelog/1_241_855936488.dbf

关于怎么讲归档日志同步到remote 数据库服务器，将在dg上总结说明