使用mysqld_multi实现单系统中配置多个MySQL服务器实例

本文讲利用MySQL源码安装MySQL并用mysqld_multi配置多实例。

1、下载MySQL源码安装版本

到MySQL官网查找到相应版本下载，本文下载的是5.1版本

wget -c http://www.jb51.net/article/ftp:/ftp.mirrorservice.org/sites/ftp.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.60.tar.gz

2、解压安装

tar -zxv -f mysql-5.1.60.tar.gz  

  

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-charset=utf8   

--with-extra-charset=all --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-assembler   

--with-readline --with-big-tables   

--with-named-curses-libs=/usr/lib/libncursesw.so.5  

  

make && make install

3、添加用户和用户组

groupadd mysql #添加mysql用户组  

useradd -g mysql mysql #创建mysql用户并把它放到mysql组下  

chown -R root:mysql /usr/local/mysql #修改mysql文件属性

4、初始化数据目录

#把用到的工具添加到/usr/bin目录  

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi /usr/bin/mysqld_multi  

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db /usr/bin/mysql_install_db  

  

#初始化四个数据目录  

mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql1 --user=mysql  

mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql2 --user=mysql  

mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql3 --user=mysql  

mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql4 --user=mysql  

  

#修改属性  

chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql1   

chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql2  

chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql3   

chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql4

5、配置多实例启动脚本

从MySQL的源码中把复制到/etc/init.d/目录下

cp /usr/local/src/mysql-5.1.60/support-files/mysqld_multi.server /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi.server  

  

#修改basedir和bindir为安装路径  

basedir=/usr/local/mysql  

bindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin

6、配置多实例数据库配置文件

用mysqld_multi工具查看该配置文件的模板方法，命令为：mysqld_multi --example

在/etc/目录下创建创建文件/etc/mysqld_multi.cnf，把mysqld_multi --example产生的文件粘进去，修改相应属性，如：mysqld,mysqladmin,socket,port,pid-file,datadir,user等。

[mysqld_multi]  

mysqld     = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe  

mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin  

#user       = mysql  

#password   = my_password  

  

[mysqld1]  

socket     = /usr/local/var/mysql1/mysql1.sock  

port       = 3306  

pid-file   = /usr/local/var/mysql1/mysql1.pid  

datadir    = /usr/local/var/mysql1  

#language   = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english  

user       = mysql  

  

[mysqld2]  

socket     = /usr/local/var/mysql2/mysql2.sock  

port       = 3307  

pid-file   = /usr/local/var/mysql2/mysql2.pid  

datadir    = /usr/local/var/mysql2  

#language   = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english  

user       = mysql  

  

[mysqld3]  

socket     = /usr/local/var/mysql3/mysql3.sock  

port       = 3308  

pid-file   = /usr/local/var/mysql3/mysql3.pid  

datadir    = /usr/local/var/mysql3  

#language   = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english  

user       = mysql  

  

[mysqld4]  

socket     = /usr/local/var/mysql4/mysql4.sock  

port       = 3309  

pid-file   = /usr/local/var/mysql4/mysql4.pid  

datadir    = /usr/local/var/mysql4  

#language   = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english  

user       = mysql

7、启动多实例数据库

将/usr/local/mysql/bin加到$PATH环境变量里  

export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH  

  

#查看数据库状态  

mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/etc/mysqld_multi.cnf report  

#结果都为没有运行  

Reporting MySQL servers  

MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is not running  

MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is not running  

MySQL server from group: mysqld3 is not running  

MySQL server from group: mysqld4 is not running  

  

#启动  

mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/etc/mysqld_multi.cnf start  

#结果为  

Reporting MySQL servers  

MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is not running  

MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is not running  

MySQL server from group: mysqld3 is not running  

MySQL server from group: mysqld4 is not running  

  

#启动具体某一个实例可在start、stop后面加上具体数据1,2,3等

8、查看运行结果

#查看相应端口是否已经被监听  

netstat -tunlp  

  

#查看是否有活动进程  

ps -aux|grep mysql

9、登录相应数据库

#进入端口为3306的数据库  

mysql -uroot -p -h127.0.0.1 -P3306  

  

#通过sock文件登录  

mysql -uroot -p -S /usr/local/var/mysql1/mysql1.sock  

  

 #查看socket文件  

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'socket';  

  

#查看pid文件  

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%pid%';