linux sed命令使用

sed是一个很好的文件处理工具，本身是一个管道命令，主要是以行为单位进行处理，可以将数据行进行替换、删除、新增、选取等特定工作，下面先了解一下sed的用法

sed命令行格式为：

sed [-nefri] ‘command’ 输入文本

常用选项：

-n∶使用安静(silent)模式。在一般 sed 的用法中，所有来自 STDIN的资料一般都会被列出到萤幕上。但如果加上 -n 参数后，则只有经过sed 特殊处理的那一行(或者动作)才会被列出来。

-e∶直接在指令列模式上进行 sed 的动作编辑；

-f∶直接将 sed 的动作写在一个档案内， -f filename 则可以执行 filename 内的sed 动作；

-r∶sed 的动作支援的是延伸型正规表示法的语法。(预设是基础正规表示法语法)

-i∶直接修改读取的档案内容，而不是由萤幕输出。

常用命令：

a ∶新增， a 的后面可以接字串，而这些字串会在新的一行出现(目前的下一行)～

c ∶取代， c 的后面可以接字串，这些字串可以取代 n1,n2 之间的行！

d ∶删除，因为是删除啊，所以 d 后面通常不接任何咚咚；

i ∶插入， i 的后面可以接字串，而这些字串会在新的一行出现(目前的上一行)；

p ∶列印，亦即将某个选择的资料印出。通常 p 会与参数 sed -n 一起运作～

s ∶取代，可以直接进行取代的工作哩！通常这个 s 的动作可以搭配正规表示法！例如 1,20s/old/new/g 就是啦！

删除某行

abc@al1:/.fj/0/5da/0828$ sed '1d' build.prop 
# autogenerated by buildinfo.sh
ro.build.id=KVT49L
ro.build.display.id=MID7198_SV3.0_20140828
ro.build.version.incremental=20140828
ro.build.version.sdk=19
ro.build.description=astar_chiphd-eng 4.4.2 KVT49L 20140828 test-keys
ro.build.fingerprint=eSTAR/astar_chiphd/astar-chiphd:4.4.2/KVT49L/20140827:eng/test-keys
ro.build.characteristics=tablet
# end build properties
abc@al1:/.fj/0/5da/0828$ 
abc@al1:/.fj/0/5da/0828$ cat build.prop 
# begin build properties
# autogenerated by buildinfo.sh
ro.build.id=KVT49L
ro.build.display.id=MID7198_SV3.0_20140828
ro.build.version.incremental=20140828
ro.build.version.sdk=19
ro.build.description=astar_chiphd-eng 4.4.2 KVT49L 20140828 test-keys
ro.build.fingerprint=eSTAR/astar_chiphd/astar-chiphd:4.4.2/KVT49L/20140827:eng/test-keys
ro.build.characteristics=tablet
# end build properties
abc@al1:/.fj/0/5da/0828$ sed '$d' build.prop 
# begin build properties
# autogenerated by buildinfo.sh
ro.build.id=KVT49L
ro.build.display.id=MID7198_SV3.0_20140828
ro.build.version.incremental=20140828
ro.build.version.sdk=19
ro.build.description=astar_chiphd-eng 4.4.2 KVT49L 20140828 test-keys
ro.build.fingerprint=eSTAR/astar_chiphd/astar-chiphd:4.4.2/KVT49L/20140827:eng/test-keys
ro.build.characteristics=tablet
abc@al1:/.fj/0/5da/0828$ sed '1,2d' build.prop 
ro.build.id=KVT49L
ro.build.display.id=MID7198_SV3.0_20140828
ro.build.version.incremental=20140828
ro.build.version.sdk=19
ro.build.description=astar_chiphd-eng 4.4.2 KVT49L 20140828 test-keys
ro.build.fingerprint=eSTAR/astar_chiphd/astar-chiphd:4.4.2/KVT49L/20140827:eng/test-keys
ro.build.characteristics=tablet
# end build properties
abc@al1:/.fj/0/5da/0828$ sed '2,$d' build.prop

显示某行

abc@al1:/.fj/0/5da/0828$ sed -n '1p' build.prop 
# begin build properties
abc@al1:/.fj/0/5da/0828$ sed -n '$p' build.prop 
# end build properties
abc@al1:/.fj/0/5da/0828$ sed -n '1,2p' build.prop 
# begin build properties
# autogenerated by buildinfo.sh
abc@al1:/.fj/0/5da/0828$ sed -n '2,$p' build.prop 
# autogenerated by buildinfo.sh
ro.build.id=KVT49L
ro.build.display.id=MID7198_SV3.0_20140828
ro.build.version.incremental=20140828
ro.build.version.sdk=19
ro.build.description=astar_chiphd-eng 4.4.2 KVT49L 20140828 test-keys
ro.build.fingerprint=eSTAR/astar_chiphd/astar-chiphd:4.4.2/KVT49L/20140827:eng/test-keys
ro.build.characteristics=tablet
# end build properties
abc@al1:/.fj/0/5da/0828$

使用模式进行查询

abc@al1:/.fj/0/5da/0828$ sed -n '/version/p' build.prop 
ro.build.version.incremental=20140828
ro.build.version.sdk=19
abc@al1:/.fj/0/5da/0828$ sed -n '/\//p' build.prop 
ro.build.fingerprint=eSTAR/astar_chiphd/astar-chiphd:4.4.2/KVT49L/20140827:eng/test-keys

增加一行或多行字符串

abc@al1:/.fj/0/5da/0828$ cat build.prop 
# begin build properties
# autogenerated by buildinfo.sh
ro.build.id=KVT49L
ro.build.display.id=MID7198_SV3.0_20140828
ro.build.version.incremental=20140828
ro.build.version.sdk=19
ro.build.description=astar_chiphd-eng 4.4.2 KVT49L 20140828 test-keys
ro.build.fingerprint=eSTAR/astar_chiphd/astar-chiphd:4.4.2/KVT49L/20140827:eng/test-keys
ro.build.characteristics=tablet
# end build properties
abc@al1:/.fj/0/5da/0828$ sed'1a add in  line 1' build.prop 
abc@al1:/.fj/0/5da/0828$ cat build.prop 
# begin build properties
# autogenerated by buildinfo.sh
ro.build.id=KVT49L
ro.build.display.id=MID7198_SV3.0_20140828
ro.build.version.incremental=20140828
ro.build.version.sdk=19
ro.build.description=astar_chiphd-eng 4.4.2 KVT49L 20140828 test-keys
ro.build.fingerprint=eSTAR/astar_chiphd/astar-chiphd:4.4.2/KVT49L/20140827:eng/test-keys
ro.build.characteristics=tablet
# end build properties
abc@al1:/.fj/0/5da/0828$ sed '1a add in  line 1' build.prop 
# begin build properties
add in  line 1
# autogenerated by buildinfo.sh
ro.build.id=KVT49L
ro.build.display.id=MID7198_SV3.0_20140828
ro.build.version.incremental=20140828
ro.build.version.sdk=19
ro.build.description=astar_chiphd-eng 4.4.2 KVT49L 20140828 test-keys
ro.build.fingerprint=eSTAR/astar_chiphd/astar-chiphd:4.4.2/KVT49L/20140827:eng/test-keys
ro.build.characteristics=tablet
# end build properties
abc@al1:/.fj/0/5da/0828$ cat build.prop 
# begin build properties
# autogenerated by buildinfo.sh
ro.build.id=KVT49L
ro.build.display.id=MID7198_SV3.0_20140828
ro.build.version.incremental=20140828
ro.build.version.sdk=19
ro.build.description=astar_chiphd-eng 4.4.2 KVT49L 20140828 test-keys
ro.build.fingerprint=eSTAR/astar_chiphd/astar-chiphd:4.4.2/KVT49L/20140827:eng/test-keys
ro.build.characteristics=tablet
# end build properties
abc@al1:/.fj/0/5da/0828$ sed '1, 3a add in  line 1' build.prop 
# begin build properties
add in  line 1
# autogenerated by buildinfo.sh
add in  line 1
ro.build.id=KVT49L
add in  line 1
ro.build.display.id=MID7198_SV3.0_20140828
ro.build.version.incremental=20140828
ro.build.version.sdk=19
ro.build.description=astar_chiphd-eng 4.4.2 KVT49L 20140828 test-keys
ro.build.fingerprint=eSTAR/astar_chiphd/astar-chiphd:4.4.2/KVT49L/20140827:eng/test-keys
ro.build.characteristics=tablet
# end build properties
abc@al1:/.fj/0/5da/0828$ sed '1a add in  line 1\n add line2' build.prop 
# begin build properties
add in  line 1
 add line2
# autogenerated by buildinfo.sh
ro.build.id=KVT49L
ro.build.display.id=MID7198_SV3.0_20140828
ro.build.version.incremental=20140828
ro.build.version.sdk=19
ro.build.description=astar_chiphd-eng 4.4.2 KVT49L 20140828 test-keys
ro.build.fingerprint=eSTAR/astar_chiphd/astar-chiphd:4.4.2/KVT49L/20140827:eng/test-keys
ro.build.characteristics=tablet
# end build properties
abc@al1:/.fj/0/5da/0828$

代替一行或多行

abc@al1:/.fj/0/5da/0828$ cat build.prop 
# begin build properties
# autogenerated by buildinfo.sh
ro.build.id=KVT49L
ro.build.display.id=MID7198_SV3.0_20140828
ro.build.version.incremental=20140828
ro.build.version.sdk=19
ro.build.description=astar_chiphd-eng 4.4.2 KVT49L 20140828 test-keys
ro.build.fingerprint=eSTAR/astar_chiphd/astar-chiphd:4.4.2/KVT49L/20140827:eng/test-keys
ro.build.characteristics=tablet
# end build properties
abc@al1:/.fj/0/5da/0828$ sed '1c TEST' build.prop 
TEST
# autogenerated by buildinfo.sh
ro.build.id=KVT49L
ro.build.display.id=MID7198_SV3.0_20140828
ro.build.version.incremental=20140828
ro.build.version.sdk=19
ro.build.description=astar_chiphd-eng 4.4.2 KVT49L 20140828 test-keys
ro.build.fingerprint=eSTAR/astar_chiphd/astar-chiphd:4.4.2/KVT49L/20140827:eng/test-keys
ro.build.characteristics=tablet
# end build properties
abc@al1:/.fj/0/5da/0828$ sed '1,2c TEST' build.prop 
TEST
ro.build.id=KVT49L
ro.build.display.id=MID7198_SV3.0_20140828
ro.build.version.incremental=20140828
ro.build.version.sdk=19
ro.build.description=astar_chiphd-eng 4.4.2 KVT49L 20140828 test-keys
ro.build.fingerprint=eSTAR/astar_chiphd/astar-chiphd:4.4.2/KVT49L/20140827:eng/test-keys
ro.build.characteristics=tablet
# end build properties
abc@al1:/.fj/0/5da/0828$ sed -n '/id/p' build.prop | sed 's/id/number/g' 
ro.build.number=KVT49L
ro.build.display.number=MID7198_SV3.0_20140828
abc@al1:/.fj/0/5da/0828$ cat build.prop 
# begin build properties
# autogenerated by buildinfo.sh
ro.build.id=KVT49L
ro.build.display.id=MID7198_SV3.0_20140828
ro.build.version.incremental=20140828
ro.build.version.sdk=19
ro.build.description=astar_chiphd-eng 4.4.2 KVT49L 20140828 test-keys
ro.build.fingerprint=eSTAR/astar_chiphd/astar-chiphd:4.4.2/KVT49L/20140827:eng/test-keys
ro.build.characteristics=tablet
# end build properties
abc@al1:/.fj/0/5da/0828$ sed -n '/id/p' build.prop | sed 's/id//g' 
ro.build.=KVT49L
ro.build.display.=MID7198_SV3.0_20140828
abc@al1:/.fj/0/5da/0828$ sed -n '/id/p' build.prop | sed 's/id//g' ^C
abc@al1:/.fj/0/5da/0828$ cat build.prop 
# begin build properties
# autogenerated by buildinfo.sh
ro.build.id=KVT49L
ro.build.display.id=MID7198_SV3.0_20140828
ro.build.version.incremental=20140828
ro.build.version.sdk=19
ro.build.description=astar_chiphd-eng 4.4.2 KVT49L 20140828 test-keys
ro.build.fingerprint=eSTAR/astar_chiphd/astar-chiphd:4.4.2/KVT49L/20140827:eng/test-keys
ro.build.characteristics=tablet
# end build properties
abc@al1:/.fj/0/5da/0828$ sed -i "s/ro.build.fingerprint=.*/ro.build.fingerprint=TEST\/astar_chiphd\/astar-chiphd:4.4.2\/KVT49L\/20140828:eng\/test-keys/"    build.prop 
abc@al1:/.fj/0/5da/0828$ cat build.prop 
# begin build properties
# autogenerated by buildinfo.sh
ro.build.id=KVT49L
ro.build.display.id=MID7198_SV3.0_20140828
ro.build.version.incremental=20140828
ro.build.version.sdk=19
ro.build.description=astar_chiphd-eng 4.4.2 KVT49L 20140828 test-keys
ro.build.fingerprint=TEST/astar_chiphd/astar-chiphd:4.4.2/KVT49L/20140828:eng/test-keys
ro.build.characteristics=tablet
# end build properties
abc@al1:/.fj/0/5da/0828$ sed -i "s/ro.build.fingerprint=.*/ro.build.fingerprint=TEST\/astar_chiphd\/astar-chiphd:4.4.2\/KVT49L\/20140828:eng\/test-keys/"    build.prop ^C
abc@al1:/.fj/0/5da/0828$ cat build.prop 
# begin build properties
# autogenerated by buildinfo.sh
ro.build.id=KVT49L
ro.build.display.id=MID7198_SV3.0_20140828
ro.build.version.incremental=20140828
ro.build.version.sdk=19
ro.build.description=astar_chiphd-eng 4.4.2 KVT49L 20140828 test-keys
ro.build.fingerprint=TEST/astar_chiphd/astar-chiphd:4.4.2/KVT49L/20140828:eng/test-keys
ro.build.characteristics=tablet
# end build properties
abc@al1:/.fj/0/5da/0828$