UVA - 122 Trees on the level
2014-08-17 09:22
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Background
Trees are fundamental in many branches of computer science. Current state-of-the art parallel computers such as Thinking Machines' CM-5 are based on fat trees. Quad- and octal-trees are fundamentalto many algorithms in computer graphics.
This problem involves building and traversing binary trees.
The Problem
Given a sequence of binary trees, you are to write a program that prints a level-order traversal of each tree. In this problem each node of a binary tree contains a positive integer and all binary trees havehave fewer than 256 nodes.
In a level-order traversal of a tree, the data in all nodes at a given level are printed in left-to-right order and all nodes at level k are printed before all nodes at level k+1.
For example, a level order traversal of the tree
is: 5, 4, 8, 11, 13, 4, 7, 2, 1.
In this problem a binary tree is specified by a sequence of pairs (n,s) where n is the value at the node whose path from the root is given by the string s. A path is given
be a sequence of L's and R's where L indicates a left branch and R indicates a right branch. In the tree diagrammed above, the node containing 13 is specified by (13,RL), and the node containing 2 is specified by (2,LLR).
The root node is specified by (5,) where the empty string indicates the path from the root to itself. A binary tree is considered to be completely specified if every node on all root-to-node paths in the tree is given a value exactly once.
The Input
The input is a sequence of binary trees specified as described above. Each tree in a sequence consists of several pairs (n,s) as described above separated by whitespace. The last entry in eachtree is (). No whitespace appears between left and right parentheses.
All nodes contain a positive integer. Every tree in the input will consist of at least one node and no more than 256 nodes. Input is terminated by end-of-file.
The Output
For each completely specified binary tree in the input file, the level order traversal of that tree should be printed. If a tree is not completely specified, i.e., some node in the tree is NOT given a valueor a node is given a value more than once, then the string ``not complete'' should be printed.
Sample Input
(11,LL) (7,LLL) (8,R) (5,) (4,L) (13,RL) (2,LLR) (1,RRR) (4,RR) () (3,L) (4,R) ()
Sample Output
5 4 8 11 13 4 7 2 1 not complete
#include<cstdio>
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<vector>
#include<queue>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
const int maxn = 1000;
char s[maxn];
bool failed;
vector<int > ans;
struct node
{
bool have_value;
int v;
node *left,*right;
node():have_value(false),left(NULL),right(NULL) {}
};
node* root;
node* newnode()
{
return new node();
}
void addnode(int v,char *s)
{
int n=strlen(s);
node* u=root; //从根结点开始开始往下走
for(int i=0; i<n; i++)
{
if(s[i]=='L')
{
if(u->left==NULL) u->left=newnode(); //节点不存在,建立新节点
u=u->left; //往左走
}
else if(s[i]=='R')
{
if(u->right==NULL) u->right=newnode();
u=u->right;
}
}
if(u->have_value)
{
failed = true; //已经赋值过,说明输入有错误
}
u->v=v;
u->have_value=true;//重新的标记
}
bool read_input()
{
failed = false;
root = newnode();
for(;;)
{
if(scanf("%s",s)!=1) return false;//输入结束
if(!strcmp(s,"()")) break;//读到结束标识符,退出循环
int v;
sscanf(&s[1],"%d",&v);//读入节点值
addnode(v,strchr(s,',')+1);//查找逗号,然后插入节点
}
return true;
}
bool bfs(vector<int>& ans)
{
queue<node*> q;
ans.clear();
q.push(root);
while(!q.empty())
{
node* u=q.front();
q.pop();
if(!u->have_value) return false; //节点没有赋值过,说明输入错误
ans.push_back(u->v); //增加到尾部
if(u->left!=NULL) q.push(u->left); //放入队列
if(u->right!=NULL) q.push(u->right);//放入队列
}
return true; //输入正确
}
void pri_out()
{
int t=0;
for(int i=0; i<ans.size(); i++)
{
if(i) printf(" ");
printf("%d",ans[i]);
}
printf("\n");
ans.clear();
}
int main()
{
while(read_input())
{
bfs(ans);
if(failed||!bfs(ans)) printf("not complete\n");
else pri_out();
}
return 0;
}
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