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关于LayoutInflate的理解。

2014-07-28 12:12 295 查看
首先,LayoutInflater这个类是用来干嘛的呢?

我们最常用的便是LayoutInflater的inflate方法,这个方法重载了四种调用方式,分别为:

1. public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root)

2. public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot)

3.public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root)

4.public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot)

这四种使用方式中,我们最常用的是第一种方式,inflate方法的主要作用就是将xml转换成一个View对象,用于动态的创建布局。虽然重载了四个方法,但是这四种方法最终调用的,还是第四种方式。第四种方式也很好理解,内部实现原理就是利用Pull解析器,对Xml文件进行解析,然后返回View对象。

我们以我们经常使用的第一种形式为例,你在重写BaseAdapter的getView方法的时候是否这样做过

[java] view
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public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {

if (convertView == null) {

convertView = inflate(R.layout.item_row, null);

}

return convertView;

}

inflate方法有三个参数,分别是

1.resource布局的资源id

2.root填充的根视图

3.attachToRoot是否将载入的视图绑定到根视图中

在这个例子中,我们将root参数设为空,功能确实实现了,但是这里还隐藏着一个隐患,这种方式并不是inflate正确的使用姿势,下面我们通过一个Demo,来说一下这样使用造成的弊端。

首先,我们建立一个这样的项目



这里三个界面,一个主界面,两个测试界面,布局文件中,主界面只负责界面跳转,两个测试界面都是一个简单的Listview,item布局显示效果如下



对应的布局文件如下

[html] view
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="60dp"

android:background="@android:color/holo_orange_light"

android:gravity="center"

android:orientation="vertical" >

<TextView

android:id="@+id/tv"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="11"

android:textColor="@android:color/black"

android:textSize="22sp" />

</LinearLayout>

OneActivity的代码如下

[java] view
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public class OneActivity extends Activity {

private ListView list1;

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_one);

list1 = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list1);

list1.setAdapter(new MyAdapter(this));

}

private class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter {

private LayoutInflater inflater;

MyAdapter(Context context) {

inflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);

}

@Override

public int getCount() {

return 20;

}

@Override

public Object getItem(int position) {

return position;

}

@Override

public long getItemId(int position) {

return position;

}

@Override

public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {

if (convertView == null) {

convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.item_list, null);

}

TextView tv = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv);

tv.setText(position+"");

return convertView;

}

}

}

TwoActivity的代码如下

[java] view
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public class TwoActivity extends Activity {

private ListView list2;

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_two);

list2 = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list2);

list2.setAdapter(new MyAdapter(this));

}

private class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter {

private LayoutInflater inflater;

MyAdapter(Context context) {

inflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);

}

@Override

public int getCount() {

return 20;

}

@Override

public Object getItem(int position) {

return position;

}

@Override

public long getItemId(int position) {

return position;

}

@Override

public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {

if (convertView == null) {

convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.item_list, parent,false);

}

TextView tv = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv);

tv.setText(position + "");

return convertView;

}

}

}

两个文件最关键的区别就一句话,

在getView方法中,OneActivity是

convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.item_list, null);

在getView方法中,TwoActivity是

convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.item_list, parent,false);

我们先看一下显示效果,再说两者的区别

OneActivity效果



TwoActivity的显示效果



我们可以很明显的看出来,使用第一种方式,根布局的高度设置60dp没有起作用,系统还是按照包裹内容的方式加载的,为什么会产生这种效果呢?我们从需要inflate方法的源代码中找一下答案。

首先,方式一的源代码实现

[java] view
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public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root) {

return inflate(parser, root, root != null);

}

当我们使用方式一,并且第二个参数传入null的时候,默认调用的是下面的方法,并且attachToRoot是false

[java] view
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public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) {

if (DEBUG) System.out.println("INFLATING from resource: " + resource);

XmlResourceParser parser = getContext().getResources().getLayout(resource);

try {

return inflate(parser, root, attachToRoot);

} finally {

parser.close();

}

}

在这一个方法中,pull解析器将资源id转化成XmlResourceParser对象,又传给了第四种方式,所以我们需要重点看的还是第四种方式是如何实现的

[java] view
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public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) {

synchronized (mConstructorArgs) {

Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW, "inflate");

final AttributeSet attrs = Xml.asAttributeSet(parser);

Context lastContext = (Context)mConstructorArgs[0];

mConstructorArgs[0] = mContext;

View result = root;

try {

// Look for the root node.

int type;

while ((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.START_TAG &&

type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {

// Empty

}

if (type != XmlPullParser.START_TAG) {

throw new InflateException(parser.getPositionDescription()

+ ": No start tag found!");

}

final String name = parser.getName();

if (DEBUG) {

System.out.println("**************************");

System.out.println("Creating root view: "

+ name);

System.out.println("**************************");

}

if (TAG_MERGE.equals(name)) {

if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {

throw new InflateException("<merge /> can be used only with a valid "

+ "ViewGroup root and attachToRoot=true");

}

rInflate(parser, root, attrs, false);

} else {

// Temp is the root view that was found in the xml

View temp;

if (TAG_1995.equals(name)) {

temp = new BlinkLayout(mContext, attrs);

} else {

temp = createViewFromTag(root, name, attrs);

}

ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = null;

if (root != null) {

if (DEBUG) {

System.out.println("Creating params from root: " +

root);

}

// Create layout params that match root, if supplied

params = root.generateLayoutParams(attrs);

if (!attachToRoot) {

// Set the layout params for temp if we are not

// attaching. (If we are, we use addView, below)

temp.setLayoutParams(params);

}

}

if (DEBUG) {

System.out.println("-----> start inflating children");

}

// Inflate all children under temp

rInflate(parser, temp, attrs, true);

if (DEBUG) {

System.out.println("-----> done inflating children");

}

// We are supposed to attach all the views we found (int temp)

// to root. Do that now.

if (root != null && attachToRoot) {

root.addView(temp, params);

}

// Decide whether to return the root that was passed in or the

// top view found in xml.

if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {

result = temp;

}

}

} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {

InflateException ex = new InflateException(e.getMessage());

ex.initCause(e);

throw ex;

} catch (IOException e) {

InflateException ex = new InflateException(

parser.getPositionDescription()

+ ": " + e.getMessage());

ex.initCause(e);

throw ex;

} finally {

// Don't retain static reference on context.

mConstructorArgs[0] = lastContext;

mConstructorArgs[1] = null;

}

Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW);

return result;

}

}

代码比较长,我们重点关注下面的代码

[java] view
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if (root != null) {

if (DEBUG) {

System.out.println("Creating params from root: " +

root);

}

// Create layout params that match root, if supplied

params = root.generateLayoutParams(attrs);

if (!attachToRoot) {

// Set the layout params for temp if we are not

// attaching. (If we are, we use addView, below)

temp.setLayoutParams(params);

}

}

这些代码的意思就是,当我们传进来的root参数不是空的时候,并且attachToRoot是false的时候,也就是上面的TwoActivity的实现方式的时候,会给temp设置一个LayoutParams参数。那么这个temp又是干嘛的呢?

[java] view
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<pre name="code" class="java">// We are supposed to attach all the views we found (int temp)

// to root. Do that now.

if (root != null && attachToRoot) {

root.addView(temp, params);

}

// Decide whether to return the root that was passed in or the

// top view found in xml.

if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {

result = temp;

}



现在应该明白了吧,当我们传进来的root不是null,并且第三个参数是false的时候,这个temp就被加入到了root中,并且把root当作最终的返回值返回了。而当我们设置root为空的时候,没有设置LayoutParams参数的temp对象,作为返回值返回了。

因此,我们可以得出下面的结论:

1.若我们采用convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.item_list, null);方式填充视图,item布局中的根视图的layout_XX属性会被忽略掉,然后设置成默认的包裹内容方式

2.如果我们想保证item的视图中的参数不被改变,我们需要使用convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.item_list, parent,false);这种方式进行视图的填充

3.除了使用这种方式,我们还可以设置item布局的根视图为包裹内容,然后设置内部控件的高度等属性,这样就不会修改显示方式了。

转载一大牛的原创,,,,大家可以去看:http://blog.csdn.net/zhaokaiqiang1992/article/details/36006467
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