Timer与TimerTask

Timer是Java中的定时任务调度器，而TimerTask相当于一个定时需要被调度的任务。

Timer类比一个线程执行器，而TimerTask相当一个线程。

Timer的原理很简单，就是循环轮询，查是否需要执行到时的任务。主要原理逻辑为下列代码：

/**
* The main timer loop.  (See class comment.)
*/
private void mainLoop() {
while (true) {
try {
TimerTask task;
boolean taskFired;
synchronized(queue) {
// Wait for queue to become non-empty
while (queue.isEmpty() && newTasksMayBeScheduled)
queue.wait();
if (queue.isEmpty())
break; // Queue is empty and will forever remain; die

// Queue nonempty; look at first evt and do the right thing
long currentTime, executionTime;
task = queue.getMin();
synchronized(task.lock) {
if (task.state == TimerTask.CANCELLED) {
queue.removeMin();
continue;  // No action required, poll queue again
}
currentTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
executionTime = task.nextExecutionTime;
if (taskFired = (executionTime<=currentTime)) {
if (task.period == 0) { // Non-repeating, remove
queue.removeMin();
task.state = TimerTask.EXECUTED;
} else { // Repeating task, reschedule
queue.rescheduleMin(
task.period<0 ? currentTime   - task.period
: executionTime + task.period);
}
}
}
if (!taskFired) // Task hasn't yet fired; wait
queue.wait(executionTime - currentTime);
}
if (taskFired)  // Task fired; run it, holding no locks
task.run();
} catch(InterruptedException e) {
}
}
}