MariaDB（MySql的免费版）安装步骤

一.下载所需软件

mariadb:
https://downloads.mariadb.org/interstitial/mariadb-10.0.0/kvm-tarbake-jaunty-x86/mariadb-10.0.0.tar.gz/from/http://ftp.yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp/pub/dbms/mariadb
cmake:
http://www.cmake.org/files/v2.8/cmake-2.8.10.2.tar.gz
二.安装

首先安装cmake

tar xf  cmake-2.8.10.2.tar.gz  

cd cmake-2.8.10.2  

./bootstrap  

make && make install  

然后安装mariadb

tar xf mariadb-10.0.0.tar.gz 

cd mariadb-10.0.0 

cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/opt/mariadb -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mariadb -DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_SSL=system 

make && make install 

三.配置

拷贝配置文件和,启动脚本

cd /opt/mariadb 

cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf 

cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mariad 

chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mariad 

chkconfig --add mariad 

chkconfig mariad on 

初始化数据库

mkdir -pv /data/mariadb

groupadd mysql  

useradd -g mysql mysql

chown -R mysql:mysql /data/   

chown -R :mysql /opt/mariadb/.   

scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mariadb

scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/opt/mariadb --datadir=/data/mariadb

/var/log# mkdir mysql

/var/log# chown mysql:mysql mysql  

修改mariadb配置文件

vim /etc/my.cnf

添加

[client]

default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld]

basedir = /opt/mariadb

datadir = /data/mariadb

character_set_server= utf8

然后就可以启动服务了

service mariad start

错误分析：

log_error = /var/log/mysql/error.log

登录问题：

如果提示1045 
/opt/mariadb# bin/mysql -u root -p

MariaDB [(none)]> use mysql

MariaDB [mysql]> UPDATE user SET Password=PASSWORD('xxxxx') where USER='root';

MariaDB [mysql]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

MariaDB [mysql]> quit

如果提示1130，无法给远程连接的用户权限

/opt/mariadb# bin/mysql -u root -p
MariaDB [(none)]> use mysql

MariaDB [mysql]> grant
all privileges on *.* to root@"%" identified by "xxxxx" with grant option;

乱码，查看当前的编码：

MariaDB [(none)]> use mysql

MariaDB [mysql]> show variables like 'character%';

提示缺少[ERROR] Can't find messagefile '/usr/share/mysql/errmsg.sys'

cp share/english/errmsg.sys /usr/share/mysql/errmsg.sys

指定目录和数据目录

/opt/mariadb/bin# mysqld_safe --basedir=/opt/mariadb/ --datadir=/data/mariadb/ --user=mysql &