硬件系统信息收集-3-内存磁盘

<h1 style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; cursor: text; position: relative; font-size: 28px; font-family: Helvetica, arial, sans-serif; margin-top: 0px !important;">内存</h1>
<h2 style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; cursor: text; position: relative; font-size: 24px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #cccccc; font-family: Helvetica, arial, sans-serif;">1.查看内存和交换分区使用情况（粗略）</h2>
<pre style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 15px 0px; background-color: #f8f8f8; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; overflow: auto; padding: 6px 10px; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px;"><code style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; background-color: transparent; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px;">//m和g是单位M和G <br />free -m/g </code></pre>
<pre style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 15px 0px; background-color: #f8f8f8; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; overflow: auto; padding: 6px 10px; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px;"><code style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; background-color: transparent; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px;">//单独查看交换分区 <br />swapon .s </code></pre>
<h2 style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; cursor: text; position: relative; font-size: 24px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #cccccc; font-family: Helvetica, arial, sans-serif;">2.查看内存使用情况</h2>
<pre style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 15px 0px; background-color: #f8f8f8; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; overflow: auto; padding: 6px 10px; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px;"><code style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; background-color: transparent; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px;">more /proc/meminfo </code></pre>
<h2 style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; cursor: text; position: relative; font-size: 24px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #cccccc; font-family: Helvetica, arial, sans-serif;">3.查看物理内存信息</h2>
<pre style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 15px 0px; background-color: #f8f8f8; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; overflow: auto; padding: 6px 10px; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px;"><code style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; background-color: transparent; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px;">dmidecode -t memory </code></pre>
<h1 style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; cursor: text; position: relative; font-size: 28px; font-family: Helvetica, arial, sans-serif;">磁盘</h1>
<h2 style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; cursor: text; position: relative; font-size: 24px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #cccccc; font-family: Helvetica, arial, sans-serif;">1.查看硬盘的物理信息</h2>
<pre style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 15px 0px; background-color: #f8f8f8; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; overflow: auto; padding: 6px 10px; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px;"><code style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; background-color: transparent; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px;">cat /proc/scsi/scsi </code></pre>
<pre style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 15px 0px; background-color: #f8f8f8; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; overflow: auto; padding: 6px 10px; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px;"><code style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; background-color: transparent; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px;">//需要安装sg3_utils（检测ISCSI设备） <br />sginfo -a /dev/sda </code></pre>
<h2 style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; cursor: text; position: relative; font-size: 24px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #cccccc; font-family: Helvetica, arial, sans-serif;">2.查看文件系统以及挂载</h2>
<pre style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 15px 0px; background-color: #f8f8f8; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; overflow: auto; padding: 6px 10px; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px;"><code style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; background-color: transparent; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px;">mount | column -t </code></pre>
<h2 style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; cursor: text; position: relative; font-size: 24px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #cccccc; font-family: Helvetica, arial, sans-serif;">3.查看当前各挂载点情况</h2>
<pre style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 15px 0px; background-color: #f8f8f8; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; overflow: auto; padding: 6px 10px; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px;"><code style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; background-color: transparent; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px;">df -hP </code></pre>
<h2 style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; cursor: text; position: relative; font-size: 24px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #cccccc; font-family: Helvetica, arial, sans-serif;">4.查看指定目录大小</h2>
<pre style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 15px 0px; background-color: #f8f8f8; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; overflow: auto; padding: 6px 10px; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px;"><code style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; background-color: transparent; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px;">du -sh / </code></pre>
<h2 style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; cursor: text; position: relative; font-size: 24px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #cccccc; font-family: Helvetica, arial, sans-serif;">5.查看磁盘分区</h2>
<pre style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 15px 0px; background-color: #f8f8f8; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; overflow: auto; padding: 6px 10px; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px;"><code style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; background-color: transparent; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px;">//不支持大于2TB的磁盘分区 fdisk -l </code></pre>
<pre style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 15px 0px; background-color: #f8f8f8; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; overflow: auto; padding: 6px 10px; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px;"><code style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; background-color: transparent; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px;">//支持超过2TB磁盘分区 parted /dev/sda print </code></pre>
<h2 style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; cursor: text; position: relative; font-size: 24px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #cccccc; font-family: Helvetica, arial, sans-serif;">6.查看IDE设备检测状态</h2>
<pre style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 15px 0px; background-color: #f8f8f8; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; overflow: auto; padding: 6px 10px; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px;"><code style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; background-color: transparent; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px;">dmesg | grep IDE </code></pre>
<h2 style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; cursor: text; position: relative; font-size: 24px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #cccccc; font-family: Helvetica, arial, sans-serif;">7.查看磁盘参数</h2>
<pre style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 15px 0px; background-color: #f8f8f8; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; overflow: auto; padding: 6px 10px; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px;"><code style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; background-color: transparent; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px;">hdparm /dev/sda </code></pre>
<h2 style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; cursor: text; position: relative; font-size: 24px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #cccccc; font-family: Helvetica, arial, sans-serif;">8.查看磁盘信息和温度</h2>
<pre style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 15px 0px; background-color: #f8f8f8; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; overflow: auto; padding: 6px 10px; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px;"><code style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; background-color: transparent; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px;">hddtemp /dev/sda </code></pre>
<h2 style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; cursor: text; position: relative; font-size: 24px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #cccccc; font-family: Helvetica, arial, sans-serif;&quo
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t;>9、查看磁盘性能</h2>
<pre style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin-top: 15px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; background-color: #f8f8f8; border: 1px solid #cccccc; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; overflow: auto; padding: 6px 10px; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; margin-bottom: 0px !important;"><code style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; background-color: transparent; border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px;">hdparm /dev/sda <br /><br />Hdparm命令的一些常用的其他参数功能 　　<br /> -g 显示硬盘的磁轨，磁头，磁区等参数。 　　<br /> -i 显示硬盘的硬件规格信息，这些信息是在开机时由硬盘本身所提供。 　　<br /> -I 直接读取硬盘所提供的硬件规格信息。 　　<br /> -p 设定硬盘的PIO模式。 　　<br /> -Tt 评估硬盘的读取效率和硬盘快取的读取效率。 　　<br /> -u <0或1>; 在硬盘存取时，允许其他中断要求同时执行。 　　<br /> -v 显示硬盘的相关设定。 　　<br /> -a: 表示是否关闭磁盘预读取功能。对于大文件读取，这个显然能提高性能。 <br /> -A:设置硬盘驱动器缓存读取特性。可能就是硬盘缓存开关 <br /> --d:设置dma <br /><br />//使用DMA和32位传输可以大幅提升系统性能，此命令将第一个IDE硬盘的PCI总线指定为32位，使用 -c 0参数来禁用32位传输 <br />/sbin/hdparm -c 1 /dev/hda <br /><br />//在硬盘上使用DMA，关闭DMA可以使用 -d 0的参数 <br />/sbin/hdparm -d 1 /dev/hda <br /><br />//更改完成后，可以使用hdparm来检查修改后的结果<br />/sbin/hdparm -t /dev/had <br /><br />//为了确保设置的结果不变<br />/sbin/hdparm -k 1 /dev/hda</code></pre>