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AngularJS学习--- 动画操作 (Applying Animations) ngAnimate step 12

2014-05-16 00:01 295 查看

1.切换目录

git checkout step-12
npm start


2.效果图

这里在点击右边的缩略图时,会有一个很明显的从下向上的动画过程.



3.代码实现:

step11和step12之间的代码差异:https://github.com/angular/angular-phonecat/compare/step-11...step-12

Dependencies(依赖的js库):

bower.json

{
"name": "angular-seed",
"description": "A starter project for AngularJS",
"version": "0.0.0",
"homepage": "https://github.com/angular/angular-seed",
"license": "MIT",
"private": true,
"dependencies": {
"angular": "1.2.x",
"angular-mocks": "~1.2.x",
"bootstrap": "~3.1.1",
"angular-route": "~1.2.x",
"angular-resource": "~1.2.x",
"jquery": "1.10.2",
"angular-animate": "~1.2.x"
}
}


注:angular-animate需要单独下载,这里使用命令npm install或者 bower install即可下载 angular-animate.js

如果需要更多动画可以结合Jquery中的动画去实现需求.

angularjs中是如何实现动画的? 可以参考API:https://docs.angularjs.org/guide/animations

Template(模板)

首先,引入angular-animate.js文件,如下:

...
<!-- for CSS Transitions and/or Keyframe Animations -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/animations.css">
...
<!-- jQuery is used for JavaScript animations (include this before angular.js) -->
<script src="bower_components/jquery/jquery.js"></script>
...
<!-- required module to enable animation support in AngularJS -->
<script src="bower_components/angular-animate/angular-animate.js"></script>

<!-- for JavaScript Animations -->
<script src="js/animations.js"></script>

...


其API可以参考:
ngAnimate


Module & Animations(组件和动画)

app/js/animations.js
.

angular.module('phonecatAnimations', ['ngAnimate']);
// ...
// this module will later be used to define animations
// ...


app/js/app.js


// ...
angular.module('phonecatApp', [
'ngRoute',

'phonecatAnimations',
'phonecatControllers',
'phonecatFilters',
'phonecatServices',
]);
// ...


现在,动画效果已经被唤醒了.

Animating ngRepeat with CSS Transition Animations(使用CSS过渡效果去实现动画效果)

<ul class="phones">
<li ng-repeat="phone in phones | filter:query | orderBy:orderProp"
class="thumbnail phone-listing">
<a href="#/phones/{{phone.id}}" class="thumb"><img ng-src="{{phone.imageUrl}}"></a>
<a href="#/phones/{{phone.id}}">{{phone.name}}</a>
<p>{{phone.snippet}}</p>
</li>
</ul>


app/css/animations.css


.phone-listing.ng-enter,
.phone-listing.ng-leave,
.phone-listing.ng-move {
-webkit-transition: 0.5s linear all;
-moz-transition: 0.5s linear all;
-o-transition: 0.5s linear all;
transition: 0.5s linear all;
}

.phone-listing.ng-enter,
.phone-listing.ng-move {
opacity: 0;
height: 0;
overflow: hidden;
}

.phone-listing.ng-move.ng-move-active,
.phone-listing.ng-enter.ng-enter-active {
opacity: 1;
height: 120px;
}

.phone-listing.ng-leave {
opacity: 1;
overflow: hidden;
}

.phone-listing.ng-leave.ng-leave-active {
opacity: 0;
height: 0;
padding-top: 0;
padding-bottom: 0;
}


这里都是通过class去定位元素的,那么class是何时被创建的?

ng-enter class 主要用于新添加的手机并渲染到页面中.

ng-move class 主要用于当元素被移动时.

ng-leave class主要用于被删除时.

手机列表被添加和删除依赖于ng-repeat指令,例如,如果过滤数据时,手机列表会动态的出现列表中.

starting class表示一个将要开始的动画

active class 表示一个将要结束的动画

在我们上面的例子中,元素的高度变化从0到120像素当手机被添加和移除时,同样有一个淡入淡出的效果,所有这些效果都是CSS transitions (CSS 转换器)实现的.CSS transitionsCSS animations对于目前主流的浏览器绝大部分都有着很好的支持,除了IE 9及其更低版本,如果想要一些动画效果可以尝试基本Javascript的动画.

ngView

app/index.html
.

<div class="view-container">
<div ng-view class="view-frame"></div>
</div>


With this change, the
ng-view
directive is nested inside a parent element with a
view-container
CSS class. This class adds a
position: relative
style so that the positioning of the
ng-view
is relative to this parent as it animates transitions.

这里使用ng-view代替ng-repeat,在这里,ng-view指令被嵌套入一个view-container CSS类,这个类(class)添加了一个相对路径以便其动画效果可以动态显现.下面将看其动画的具体实现:

app/css/animations.css
.

.view-container {
position: relative;
}

.view-frame.ng-enter, .view-frame.ng-leave {
background: white;
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
right: 0;
}

.view-frame.ng-enter {
-webkit-animation: 0.5s fade-in;
-moz-animation: 0.5s fade-in;
-o-animation: 0.5s fade-in;
animation: 0.5s fade-in;
z-index: 100;
}

.view-frame.ng-leave {
-webkit-animation: 0.5s fade-out;
-moz-animation: 0.5s fade-out;
-o-animation: 0.5s fade-out;
animation: 0.5s fade-out;
z-index:99;
}

@keyframes fade-in {
from { opacity: 0; }
to { opacity: 1; }
}
@-moz-keyframes fade-in {
from { opacity: 0; }
to { opacity: 1; }
}
@-webkit-keyframes fade-in {
from { opacity: 0; }
to { opacity: 1; }
}

@keyframes fade-out {
from { opacity: 1; }
to { opacity: 0; }
}
@-moz-keyframes fade-out {
from { opacity: 1; }
to { opacity: 0; }
}
@-webkit-keyframes fade-out {
from { opacity: 1; }
to { opacity: 0; }
}


使用
ngClass结合Javascript来实现动画效果

app/partials/phone-detail.html


<div class="phone-images">
<img ng-src="{{img}}"
class="phone"
ng-repeat="img in phone.images"
ng-class="{active:mainImageUrl==img}">
</div>

<h1>{{phone.name}}</h1>

<p>{{phone.description}}</p>

<ul class="phone-thumbs">
<li ng-repeat="img in phone.images">
<img ng-src="{{img}}" ng-mouseenter="setImage(img)">
</li>
</ul>


动画的原理是在于"动",主要是位置或形态的改变产生的动的画面的过程.

其CSS样式如下:
app/css/app.css

.phone-images {
background-color: white;
width: 450px;
height: 450px;
overflow: hidden;
position: relative;
float: left;
}

...

img.phone {
float: left;
margin-right: 3em;
margin-bottom: 2em;
background-color: white;
padding: 2em;
height: 400px;
width: 400px;
display: none;
}

img.phone:first-child {
display: block;
}


这里主要用的是Jquery里的动画实现的,可以查看其API 查看更多动画: jQuery documentation.
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