HDFS HA系列实验之一：基础环境搭建

本系列实验主要测试hadoop2.2.0的新特性NameNode HA 和 Federation，本篇为基础环境搭建。

1：虚拟机规划
服务器：
productserver 192.168.100.200 (DNS、NFS、Oracle、MySQL、Cluster Moniter)
Hadoop集群1:
product201 192.168.100.201 (NN1)
product202 192.168.100.202 (NN2、zookeeper1、JournalNode1）
product203 192.168.100.203 (DN1、zookeeper2、JournalNode2）
product204 192.168.100.204 (DN2、zookeeper3、JournalNode3）
Hadoop集群2:
product211 192.168.100.211 (NN1)
product212 192.168.100.212 (NN2、zookeeper1）
product213 192.168.100.213 (DN1、zookeeper2）
product214 192.168.100.214 (DN2、zookeeper3）

2：实验规划
A：HA+JournalNode+zookeeper
DNS：productserver
HA：product201、product202
DN：product203、product204
JouralNode：product202、product203、product204
zookeeper：product202、product203、product204
如下图之蓝线部分所示。





B：HA+NFS+zookeeper
DNS、NFS：productserver
HA：product211、product212
DN：product213、product214
zookeeper：product212、product213、product214
如上图之橙线部分所示。

C：HA+Federation
DNS：productserver
HA1（nameservices为cluster1）：product201、product202
HA2（nameservices为cluster2）：product211、product212
DN：product203、product204、product213、product214
JouralNode：product212、product213、product214
zookeeper：product202、product203、product204
如下图所示





3：服务器搭建
A：DNS搭建
[root@productserver ~]# yum install bind_libs bind bind-utils
[root@productserver ~]# vi /etc/named.conf
[root@productserver ~]# cat /etc/named.conf

options {
	listen-on port 53 { any; };
	listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };
	directory 	"/var/named";
	dump-file 	"/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
        statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
        memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";
	allow-query     { any; };
	recursion yes;
	forwarders { 202.101.172.35; };

	dnssec-enable yes;
	dnssec-validation yes;
	dnssec-lookaside auto;

	/* Path to ISC DLV key */
	bindkeys-file "/etc/named.iscdlv.key";

	managed-keys-directory "/var/named/dynamic";
};

logging {
        channel default_debug {
                file "data/named.run";
                severity dynamic;
        };
};

zone "." IN {
	type hint;
	file "named.ca";
};

include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones";
include "/etc/named.root.key";

[root@productserver ~]# vi /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
[root@productserver ~]# cat /etc/named.rfc1912.zones

zone "localhost.localdomain" IN {
	type master;
	file "named.localhost";
	allow-update { none; };
};

zone "localhost" IN {
	type master;
	file "named.localhost";
	allow-update { none; };
};

//注释下面几行
//zone "1.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.ip6.arpa" IN {
//	type master;
//	file "named.loopback";
//	allow-update { none; };
//};

//zone "1.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" IN {
//	type master;
//	file "named.loopback";
//	allow-update { none; };
//};

zone "0.in-addr.arpa" IN {
	type master;
	file "named.empty";
	allow-update { none; };
};

zone "product" IN {
    type master;
    file "product.zone";  
};

zone "100.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {
    type master;
    file "100.168.192.zone";  
};

[root@productserver ~]# vi /var/named/product.zone
[root@productserver ~]# cat /var/named/product.zone

$TTL	86400
@		IN SOA		product.	root.product. (
                                        2013122801	; serial (d. adams)
                                        3H		; refresh
                                        15M		; retry
                                        1W		; expiry
                                        1D )		; minimum
@		IN NS		productserver.
productserver	IN A		192.168.100.200

; 正解设置
product201	IN A	192.168.100.201
product202	IN A	192.168.100.202
product203	IN A	192.168.100.203
product204	IN A	192.168.100.204
product211	IN A	192.168.100.211
product212	IN A	192.168.100.212
product213	IN A	192.168.100.213
product214	IN A	192.168.100.214

[root@productserver ~]# vi /var/named/100.168.192.zone
[root@productserver ~]# cat /var/named/100.168.192.zone

$TTL	86400
@	IN	SOA	productserver.	root.productserver. (
                                        2013122801	; serial (d. adams)
                                        3H		; refresh
                                        15M		; retry
                                        1W		; expiry
                                        1D )		; minimum
	IN NS	productserver.
200	IN PTR	productserver.product.

;反解设置
201     IN PTR  product201.product.
202     IN PTR  product202.product.
203     IN PTR  product203.product.
204     IN PTR  product204.product.
211     IN PTR  product211.product.
212     IN PTR  product212.product.
213     IN PTR  product213.product.
214     IN PTR  product214.product.

[root@productserver ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
[root@productserver ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

DNS1=192.168.100.200
DNS2=202.101.172.35

***************************************************************
TIPS:
正反解文件配置容易出错，可以用“named-checkzone zone名 zone文件”命令来检查;
重新配置productserver的DNS，使DNS1=192.168.100.200，DNS2才是Internet上的DNS，不然在服务器上不能正反解productserver;
本地DNS客户端使用nslookup或dig测试DNS服务是否正常；
***************************************************************

B：NFS搭建
**************************************************************************
用下面命令检查运行NFS必须的软件包是否已经安装
[root@productserver ~]# rpm -qa |grep rpcbind
[root@productserver ~]# rpm -qa |grep nfs
若没有使用下面命令安装
[root@productserver ~]# yum install nfs-utils
**************************************************************************
安装后配置NFS服务和启动
[root@productserver ~]# chkconfig rpcbind on
[root@productserver ~]# chkconfig nfs on
[root@productserver ~]# chkconfig nfslock on
[root@productserver ~]# service rpcbind restart
[root@productserver ~]# service nfs restart
[root@productserver ~]# service nfslock restart
创建共享目录
[root@productserver ~]# mkdir -p /share/cluster1
[root@productserver ~]# mkdir -p /share/cluster2

[root@productserver ~]# groupadd hadoop
[root@productserver ~]# useradd -g hadoop hadoop

[root@productserver ~]# chown -R hadoop:hadoop /share/cluster1
[root@productserver ~]# chown -R hadoop:hadoop /share/cluster2
[root@productserver ~]# setfacl -m u:hadoop:rwx /share/cluster1
[root@productserver ~]# setfacl -m u:hadoop:rwx /share/cluster2
配置共享目录配置文件

[root@productserver ~]# vi /etc/exports
[root@productserver ~]# cat /etc/exports

/share/cluster1 192.168.100.0/24(rw)
/share/cluster2 192.168.100.0/24(rw)

使共享目录配置文件/etc/exports生效：
[root@productserver ~]# exportfs -arv

4：各节点搭建
A：所有节点生成hadoop用户和hadoop密钥对

[root@product201 ~]# groupadd hadoop

[root@product201 ~]# useradd -g hadoop hadoop

注意：如果要作为NFS客户端的话，用户hadoop的UID和GID和服务器的hadoop用户的UID和GID一致。不然存取文件权限会混乱。

[root@product201 ~]# su - hadoop

[hadoop@product201 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
如果~/.ssh/目录已经有文件，先全删除，重新生成密钥对。
[hadoop@product201 ~]$ exit
[root@product201 ~]# vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config
[root@product201 ~]# cat /etc/ssh/sshd_config

RSAAuthentication yes
PubkeyAuthentication yes
AuthorizedKeysFile .ssh/authorized_keys

B：所有节点DNS设置
[root@product201 ~]# vi /etc/nsswitch.conf
[root@product201 ~]# cat /etc/nsswitch.conf

hosts:      dns files

[root@product201 ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
[root@product201 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

DNS1=192.168.100.200

C：product201、product211安装hadoop文件
[root@product201 ~]# mkdir -p /app/hadoop
[root@product201 ~]# chown -R hadoop:hadoop /app/hadoop
[root@product201 ~]# cd /app/hadoop
[root@product201 hadoop]# tar zxf /app/hadoop-2.2.0.tar.gz
[root@product201 hadoop]# mv hadoop-2.2.0 hadoop220
[root@product201 hadoop]# chown -R hadoop:hadoop hadoop220

D：product201、product211安装zookeeper
[root@product201 hadoop]# tar zxf /app/zookeeper-3.4.5.tar.gz

[root@product201 hadoop]# mv zookeeper-3.4.5 zookeeper345
[root@product201 hadoop]# chown -R hadoop:hadoop zookeeper345